In August 1930, due to careless communication, the Kuomintang authorities aroused suspicion, and Kuomintang agents arrested Zhang Laoxiao, the manager of Li Nongfeng Dung Farm. Although Zhang Laoxiao is not a member of the Communist Party, he knows the people he often meets at the dump. In view of this, in order to avoid being captured by the Kuomintang, Hu Zhixiang quickly fled to Peking, where he was admitted to the University of the Republic of China for further study after notifying other comrades of the county committee and destroying party documents. Jia Qingmei and others hid in the Yuanshi Mountain area. The Zhaoxian County Committee of the Communist Party of China was destroyed, and party members lost contact with the higher-level party organizations. Hu Zhixiang's escape was criticized by some people, who slandered him as a "villain" who "sneaked away" and "didn't care about the organization but only cared about himself", etc. This is pure nonsense! Is it true that only waiting for the spies to be arrested and then calmly succumbing to death is considered revolutionary, while evading enemy pursuit and continuing to engage in revolutionary activities is considered a coward? Preserving life and accumulating strength are the foundation for continuing the revolution! Although the county committee was destroyed this time, not one of the more than 40 party members was arrested, which proves that the measures taken by the county committee at that time were correct. After later understanding, Zhang Laoxiao did indeed confess Mr. Hu (Hu Zhixiang). Hu Zhixiang got in touch with the local party organization in Peiping and continued to engage in revolutionary activities. Hu Zhixiang later worked in the Propaganda Department of the Special Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. Li Gengtian, the secretary of the Special Committee, surrendered and betrayed. The Special Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Special Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China were severely damaged. Leaders of party organizations in Zhengding, Gaocheng, Yuanshi, Jingxing, Zhaoxian, Xinle, Shulu, Zhengfeng Coal Mine and other places were successively arrested and wanted. Hu Zhixiang fled back to his hometown overnight and hid in his home in Xiaogaocun. In 1934, he was arrested for launching a strike by cotton ginning workers and was arrested and detained in Baoding Prison. Before the Japanese invaded Baoding, the prison guards escaped. Hu Zhixiang took the opportunity to escape, changing his name to Su Youran, and joined the anti-Japanese and national salvation movement. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he moved to the education front and served as director of the Hebei Provincial Department of Education, president and editor-in-chief of the magazine "Hebei Education", and deputy dean of Tangshan Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (in charge of the work of the institute).
In March 1931, Bai Yusheng was entrusted by the Baonan Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China (Shimen Municipal Committee) to rebuild the Zhaoxian County Committee of the Communist Party of China, with Yu Qinglai as secretary and Shi Zhiliang and Yang Dianying as committee members. Yu Qinglai was from Zhongtou Village, Zhao County. After the July 7th Incident, he went to Yan'an and changed his name to Yu Qinglai. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as deputy director of the Office of the State Archives Administration and editor-in-chief of the magazine "Archivals Work". After his retirement, he enjoyed deputy ministerial level treatment. In the month when the county party committee with Yu Qinglai as secretary was established, he led the 15th Middle School Movement. This student unrest was led by Party and League members, who organized and led more than 200 students across the school to hold a general strike that lasted for half a month. The Hebei Provincial Department of Education was forced to replace the reactionary principal Zhang Qingkai, replace incompetent teachers, and replace them with advanced teachers. The students achieved victory in this student uprising. In July, the county party committee organized teachers’ Party and League members to take the lead and established a teachers’ union to oppose the fascist enslavement of education and demand improved teachers’ remuneration. In order to dismantle this organization, the Kuomintang authorities formed a reading club among teachers to compete for the masses. The county party committee sent CCP members Liu Zanmin and Zhang Zihou to join the reading club and organized teachers to study progressive books and periodicals, thus transforming the reading club into a progressive organization and thwarting the Kuomintang's conspiracy. In November, the Direct-to-Central Special Committee of the Communist Party of China was established, and the Zhaoxian County Committee came under the leadership of the Direct-to-Central Special Committee. In July 1932, the Central Special Committee of the Communist Party of China reorganized the Zhaoxian County Committee, with Li Jianzhi (Lu Man) as county committee secretary, and Yu Qinglai, Shi Zhiliang, and Yang Dianying as county committee members. The county's party organization further developed and expanded. At the beginning of 1933, there were 14 party branches and 86 party members. On March 17, 1933, Wu Zhengting, secretary of the Hebei Provincial Youth League Committee, betrayed after being arrested in Shimen and identified Li Gengtian, secretary of the Zhizhi Central Special Committee. Li Gengtian also immediately rebelled and gave away more than 80 people from the Zhizhong Special Committee and county party leaders. The enemy followed suit, and a large number of Communists were arrested successively. As a result, Baoding and Peiping prisons were overcrowded. There were not enough handcuffs in the prisons, so two people shared a pair of handcuffs. The inmates said humorously: "This time we can be said to be hand in hand, heart to heart, and we share weal and woe!" In June, Li Jianzhi was arrested by the Kuomintang Baoding camp, and the Zhao County party organization subsequently lost contact with the higher-level party organization. .
While the Communist Party of China organizations in central and southern Zhao County were flourishing, the party took root in some rural areas in northern Zhao County through another channel. In 1926, Zhang Shuhan from Mazhuang Village, Gaocheng County, joined the Communist Party of China while studying at Beijing Wenquan Middle School. During the summer vacation of 1928, he was appointed by the party organization to return to his hometown to develop party members. First, Zhang Luojian from Mazhuang Village was introduced to join the party, and then Zhang Yongshen, Zhang Luoqin and Zhang Luojian were introduced to join the party. Zhang Yongshen also introduced Geng Xiqun, Zhang Mancang, Qi Xiaoxun, Jin Wanfu and others to join the party. The village party branch was established in 1931. By 1935, there were more than 120 party members and more than 200 mass activists in the village. With the Mazhuang Village Party branch as the center, they began to develop party organizations in some adjacent villages, successively in Wanggong and Youchi in Luancheng County (now part of Gaocheng), Dama, Fengjiazhuang, Side, Gezi, Dongxi in Zhao County Twenty or thirty villages including Luocun, Beizhujiazhuang, Nanliu Village, Shuifanzhai, Nanying and Muliancheng in Gaocheng County have developed a large number of CCP members, and some villages have also established party branches.
During the summer vacation in July 1932, Zhang Shuhan secretly recruited members of the Communist Party of China in Dama Village, , and established a grassroots organization of the party by using his relationships with relatives and classmates. He first introduced primary school teacher Han Wuyue (prefixed with the prefix three, also known as Han Ziyi) to join the Communist Party of China, and then promoted Li Shutang (also known as Li Xuewen) and Geng Zuoxian (also known as Jieren) to join the party. The three of them formed the Dama Village Party branch. Later, through secret connections and single-line development through primary school teachers in each village, grassroots party organizations were established in Side, Fengjiazhuang, Anxian, Beizhujiazhuang, Beiyangjiazhuang, Getatou and other villages. At that time, the party organizations in the north of Zhao County had not yet connected with the party organizations in the south. The grassroots party organizations established by Zhang Shuhan in Gaocheng were successively under the leadership of the Gaocheng County Central County Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Zhao Gaoluan Central County Committee of the Communist Party of China.
In July 1933, Yuan Zhihe, a member of the Central Special Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and Ma Yutang, an inspector, hid in the junction of Zhaoxian, Gaocheng and Luancheng counties. They secretly carried out their work in the name of the Provisional Special Committee of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and established the CCP. The Gaocheng County Central County Committee was renamed the Zhao Gaoluan Central County Committee of the Communist Party of China in November. Under the leadership of the Zhao Gaoluan Central County Committee of the Communist Party of China, the party organization in northern Zhao County developed rapidly. By the end of the year, there were 11 rural party branches with a total of 131 party members. In January 1935, influenced by the "Left" line of the Central Committee at that time, the Military Commission of the Hebei Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China instructed Zhu Cheng, Secretary of the Central County Committee of the Communist Party of China Zhao Gaoluan, to organize a peasant riot. However, due to traitors' reports and insufficient organization, some people acted first and exposed the entire situation. Riot plan. The uprising was stillborn, but was met with frenzied suppression by the Kuomintang, who hunted down communists and revolutionary masses everywhere, and the Zhaogauanluan area fell into a white terror. Zhu Cheng went out to escape, and the CCP Zhao Gaoluan County Committee was paralyzed. The next year, Zhu Cheng was arrested and imprisoned, and the party organization in the northern part of Zhao County lost contact with the higher-level party organization.
After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, Zhu Cheng took advantage of the Kuomintang's flight south, escaped from prison and returned home. He immediately went to Gaocheng to find Ma Yutang, the former inspector of the Zhizhong Special Committee, to discuss the formation of an anti-Japanese armed force. The two hit it off immediately and went to work. Act now. After secret propaganda and mobilization, he and Ma Yutang quickly formed an anti-Japanese volunteer army of 200 to 300 people, with him as the party representative. In November of the same year, he and Ma Yutang led their troops to capture Gaocheng County. At the beginning of December, the county seat was defeated again. Then the troops were divided into two groups and fought guerrillas in the north and south of the Hutuo River in the country. During this period, he led his troops to conquer Japanese strongholds such as Meihua Town in Gaocheng County and Nangao Village in Luancheng County, and seized a large number of guns and ammunition. The guerrilla force also grew to more than a thousand people. At the end of the same year, in order to win over Meng Ziming from the Jin County Security Corps to resist the Japanese, Zhu Cheng went to the regiment's headquarters to negotiate in person. During the negotiations, he was brutally killed by Meng Ziming. He was only 30 years old. In March 1938, the First Special Committee of the Communist Party of China in Southern Hebei was established, instructing members of the Central County Committee of the Communist Party of China Zhao Gaoluan to return to each county separately for activities. The Central County Committee of the Communist Party of China Zhao Gaoluan was immediately abolished.
On February 8, 1938, the eastward column of the 129th Division, with Chen Zaidao, deputy commander of the 386th Brigade, as the commander and Song Renqiong as the political commissar, stationed in Nangong County. On May 2, Deputy Division Commander Xu Xiangqian led the 769th Regiment, the 689th Regiment and the 5th Detachment to Nangong and met with the 3rd Eastward Column.It was immediately decided that more than 40 people, led by Bao Xianzhi, director of the political office of the 769 regiment, and Xi Shaoxian, chief of the democratic movement section, would form a working group and stationed in Zhao County to establish an anti-Japanese base area.
After Bao Xianzhi led the working group to Da'an Village in Zhao County, he made contact with underground party members Zhu Qishui and Pan Yushan who were active in this area, which enabled the party organizations in the northeastern part of Zhao County to quickly recover and develop. That month, based on the Zhao County Working Committee of the Communist Party of China established last month, the Zhao County County Committee of the Communist Party of China was established with Wu Ronghai as secretary. From then on, the Zhao County underground party had its own combat headquarters and leadership core. In June, the Zhao County Chinese National Liberation War Field Mobilization Committee (referred to as the Mobilization Committee) was formally established. In September, the working group helped the county party committee establish the county armed brigade based on the armed force department of the mobilization meeting. In April 1939, the Zhao County Anti-Japanese Government was formally established, with Zhang Jianying serving as county magistrate. District and village political organizations were also established one after another, making the northeastern part of Zhao County gradually become a solid anti-Japanese base area.
In February 1938, Zhang Zihou, Jia Quanling (Wu Qingbo) and others, underground party members in the south of Zhao County, secretly went to Huangbeiping, Zambia, to find Gui Qiansheng, the commander of the 129th Division Guerrilla Detachment. Gui Qiansheng instructed them to restore and develop the party organization as soon as possible after returning, and to form anti-Japanese armed forces. After Zhang Zihou returned, he, together with my underground party members Hu Zhixiang and Song Hongshu, secretly developed the party organization in the name of forming an anti-Japanese national vanguard. Then Zhang Zihou, Song Hongshu, and Song Xizhao established the Eighth Special District Committee, and then established the Eighth District Office and Pingji Armed Brigade, and then established Zhao (County) Yuan (Shi) Gao (Yi) Border County on the basis of the Eighth Special District, and Liu Zhen served as Secretary of the county party committee, Chen Xiru was appointed as county magistrate. On June 30, 1940, after being placed under the leadership of Jizhong District, it was further expanded into Zhao (county) Yuan (shi) Ning (Jin) Lianhe County.
In March 1945, Zhao Yuanning County was abolished, and the areas that originally belonged to Zhao County, Yuanshi, Ningjin, and Gaoyi were returned to the counties. From then on, Zhao County restored its original divisions, and Zhao Ping was appointed secretary of the county party committee. , Zhu Fang was appointed county magistrate. By the end of the Anti-Japanese War in September, the county had 385 party and government cadres, with 8 district committees and 218 branches under its jurisdiction, with a total of 5,013 party members. During the Anti-Japanese War, a total of 725 martyrs sacrificed their lives for the country, including Ge Yongsheng, one of the founders of the Zhao County Party, Zhu Cheng, Secretary of the Zhao Gaoluan County Party Committee, Chen Xiru, County Magistrate of Zhao Yuanning County, and other heroes. More than 2,000 innocent people were brutally killed by the Japanese invaders, and countless others were injured and disabled.
During the three-year liberation war, the party organization in our county further developed. By the eve of the founding of New China, the county had 12 district committees, 238 branches, and 7,222 party members. Under the leadership of the Zhaoxian County Committee of the Communist Party of China, party organizations at all levels and the people of the county withstood severe tests, and 681 outstanding sons and daughters sacrificed their precious lives for the cause of people's liberation. "For those who have great ambitions to sacrifice and dare to teach the sun and the moon to change the sky," finally ushered in the birth of of the People's Republic of China. In the blink of an eye, great changes occurred, and the founding of the People's Republic of China ushered in a new era in Chinese history. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, hundreds of millions of people have worked hard to explore the development path of socialist society with Chinese characteristics. In the process of reform, opening up, and modernization, they have created miracles one after another and realized a century of strengthening the country, enriching the people, and rejuvenating the nation. dream.
(End)
Source: Zhao County Archives
Editor: Ma Pengli
Reviewer: Sun Xiaocong
Supervisor: Xu Zhepu
