In 1986, Minister of DefenseGeneral Zhang Aiping personally wrote an elegy for an old man:
"You regard fame and wealth as dirt, and you wish to live in a country with great power."
The old man's last request was "Don't let people leave us too far behind."
Born in a noble family, he honed his skills during the war years.
At the age of 26, he gave up generous benefits and returned to China.
At the age of 34, he was ordered to remain anonymous when faced with danger.
Before his death, his friends wondered what he got in return for working so hard.
He smiled and stretched out his fingers and spoke slowly. "20 yuan"
This husband, Xu Guo's national scholar, is the "hero of the two bombs" - Deng Jiaxian
1.
China was very lively in 1924. In Guangzhou, the 37-year-old Chiang Kai-shek watched the Kuomintang leader with complicated eyes. Mao Zedong, a member of the Central Executive Committee and just 31 years old, entered the venue of the National Congress of the Kuomintang. Two future leaders of China met here for the first time.
In Beijing in the early summer of this year, 32-year-old Tsinghua University teacher Deng Yizhe rushed into the office with a telegram in his hand excitedly, excitedly sharing the joy of the birth of his son with his colleagues. As a member of an aristocratic family in Huaining, Anhui, Deng Yizhe had great expectations for his son. After some thought, he solemnly named his son "Jiaxian"
" Shuowen " records, "The crops are beautiful and beautiful. For crops.” Deng Yizhi hopes that his children can take root in the land of China and become a drop in the ocean that benefits the people. At this time, Deng Yizhi would not have imagined what a huge contribution his children would make to this country in the future.
In 1925, Deng Jiaxian, who was just 8 months old, followed his mother and sister from his hometown in Anhui to Beijing to reunite with his father. In Forty-Nine City, Deng Jiaxian spent a carefree childhood.
In addition to the confidence of being born in a hairpin family, his father Deng Yizhe himself was a legend at the time.
His father, who once served as the chief education officer of Anhui Province, is the founder of contemporary Chinese aesthetics. The influence of family tradition and culture allowed Deng Jiaxian to show his talent as a "child prodigy" very early.
When 5-year-old Deng Jiaxian was about to enter elementary school, his father solemnly called him to the front of the main hall and told him that the plaque with the words "Song Feng Shui Yue" was the royal pen of Emperor Chongzhen , and asked Deng Jiaxian to do this. Four words. His father's teachings were deeply imprinted on young Deng Jiaxian's mind.
In 1935, 11-year-old Deng Jiaxian was admitted to Chongde Middle School with excellent results, where he became friends with his neighbor, 13-year-old Yang Zhenning. In this way, two future leaders in the scientific community brought their life trajectories together.
Unfortunately, good days are always short-lived. When Deng Jiaxian was still writing furiously at his desk, the sky over North China was already covered with clouds.
On July 7, 1937, the Japanese army brazenly launched the Marco Polo Bridge Incident , and the all-out war of resistance broke out. Major universities in Peiping rushed southward, but his father Deng Yizhe was weak due to lung disease, so he had no choice but to stay in Peiping to recuperate.
Deng Jiaxian was very angry at the atrocities committed by the Japanese army after they occupied Peiping. He tore up a Japanese plaster flag, threw it to the ground and stamped on it several times.
One day, an old friend of my father came to visit. My father, who was originally very happy, entertained his friend in the study. Deng Jiaxian, who was pacing in the courtyard, suddenly heard his father's angry roar, "Get out of here."
It turned out that this friend had defected to the puppet regime and wanted to invite Deng Yizhi to work. Deng Yizhi, who was very angry, immediately broke off diplomatic relations with his friend. Deng Jiaxian was deeply influenced by his father's patriotism. But because of Deng Jiaxian's previous incident of stepping on the Japanese flag, he could no longer stay in Peiping.
2.
In 1938, Deng Yizhi, who was worried about his son's safety, arranged for 14-year-old Deng Jiaxian to go south with his sister.
Before leaving, his father, who deeply felt that scholars were useless, said something that would influence Deng Jiaxian's life, "Jia'er, you must study science in the future. Don't be like me and don't study literature. Studying science is useful to the country."
Along the way After arriving in Kunming after many twists and turns, his sister arranged for him to study in Jiangjin, Sichuan, for his third year of high school.
During his days in Jiangjin, Deng Jiaxian witnessed his school building being blown up by swooping Japanese planes, but apart from the raging fire, there was no resistance from the ground.
This bombing shocked him greatly. In 1941, Deng Jiaxian, who was eager to save the country, was admitted to the Department of Physics of Southwest Associated University. Here, he reunited with his best friend Yang Zhenning.
The difficult conditions of the General Assembly did not defeat this determined young man. Deng Jiaxian studied hard and looked forward to the opportunity to serve the country.
During his days in Kunming, Deng Jiaxian witnessed the incompetence and corruption of the Kuomintang government.
At the time of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War in 1945, Deng Jiaxian graduated from school and joined the "Minqing", a peripheral organization of the Communist Party, and devoted himself to the anti-dictatorship struggle.
The following year, Deng Jiaxian returned to Peking and was hired as an assistant professor in the Department of Physics of Peking University. While teaching in Peking, he met the love of his life.
In a class, Deng Jiaxian noticed a quiet and beautiful girl who always looked at him. Deng Jiaxian, who always felt that the girl looked familiar, was puzzled until one day, his brother-in-law Zheng Huachi, a professor at Peking University, solved his doubts.
It turns out that this girl with a charming smile is named Xu Luxi , and she is the daughter of Zheng Huachi's colleague Xu Deheng.
Xu Deheng and his father Deng Yizhe have been friends for many years. Deng Jiaxian even went to Xu's house to play when he was a child. It can be said that Xu Luxi and Deng Jiaxian are childhood sweethearts. Under the introduction of his brother-in-law, Deng Jiaxian and Xu Luxi gradually began to communicate and fell in love with each other.
In 1947, Deng Jiaxian found out about the recruitment of graduate students at the School of Nuclear Physics at Purdue University. Deng Jiaxian told Xu Luxi about his intention to apply for the exam. Xu Luxi was very supportive and thoughtfully said that he would take good care of Deng Jiaxian's family.
Deng Jiaxian, who successfully passed the exam, traveled across the ocean to the United States and began studying for a degree. Due to his outstanding performance, he obtained his doctorate in less than two years.
Faced with the generous treatment and good scientific research conditions in the United States, this 26-year-old "doll doctor " resolutely refused the invitations of his mentor and classmates to stay and boarded the ship returning to China.
At that time, many people did not understand how returning to the impoverished motherland would help Deng Jiaxian's research. But soon, Deng Jiaxian will use reality to prove his choice.
3.
In 1950, 26-year-old Deng Jiaxian returned to the newly born New China and became a researcher at the Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
At a reception held by the Foreign Affairs Department in Beijing, a colleague smiled and asked him what he had brought back from the United States.
He said: "I brought a few pairs of nylon socks that cannot be produced in China at the moment to my father, and I also brought a head of knowledge about nuclei ."
Deng Jiaxian, who returned to his motherland, quickly devoted himself to the research of nuclear physics. , his personal problems have long been forgotten. Brother-in-law Zheng Huachi, who was very satisfied with his brother-in-law, kept arranging for Deng Jiaxian and Xu Luxi to meet. The two young people, who knew each other well and loved each other, soon planned to get married.
In 1953, with the help of his sister Deng Zhongxian and Xu Luxi's mother Lao Junzhan, Deng Jiaxian married Xu Luxi.
After getting married, the two had two children soon. The couple was harmonious and had lovely children. Deng Jiaxian also worked harder in his career.
Just when life was moving forward peacefully and happily, an emergency order broke the tranquility of life.
In 1958, when his friend Yang Zhenning became an academician of the "Academia Sinica" in Taiwan, the 45-year-old Deputy Minister of the Second Ministry of Machinery Qian Sanqiang called Deng Jiaxian into the office and asked him seriously if he was willing to participate in a top-secret job. .
Deng Jiaxian quickly asked what the job was, and Qian Sanqiang said mysteriously, "The country is going to set off a 'big firecracker'."
So, Deng Jiaxian, who understood, immediately agreed. But when he got home that night, he thought about it and didn't know how to talk to his wife.
Deng Jiaxian was sleeping on the bed and kept turning over. Xu Luxi asked strangely: "What happened to you today?" Deng Jiaxian sat up and gently put a hand on hers: "I want to change my work."
Xu Luxi He quickly asked: "Where are you being transferred to?" Deng Jiaxian said: "According to confidentiality regulations, we can't say this." Xu Luxi asked again, "Then what kind of work you do doesn't need to be kept secret, right?" Deng Jiaxian said with a wry smile: "No, this can't be said either. "Xu Luxi could only do the next best thing: "Give me a mailbox number, and I will communicate with you." Deng Jiaxian still said firmly: "Without a number, this job is top secret, and there is no way to communicate."
The moment of mutual affection." "I understand instantly." Her husband must be engaged in confidentiality work and immediately expressed his firm support.
Soon after, Deng Jiaxian took office as director of the theoretical department of the Ninth Research Institute of the Second Ministry of Machinery. In order to carry out his work better, Deng Jiaxian first selected a group of college students to prepare relevant Russian materials and atomic bomb models.
Soon, Xu Luxi realized the "liver" of her husband's work.
IV.
At the beginning of the development of the atomic bomb, Deng Jiaxian presided over theoretical research. Since he was close to home, he could still go home often.
However, there were no electronic computers at that time and they relied entirely on manual calculations. These pioneers had to race against time day and night, and it was often late at night when they got home.
According to the memories of Deng Jiaxian's student Academician Hu Side , work often lasted until early morning at that time, and when Deng Jiaxian returned to the couple's dormitory at Beijing Medical College, the door was often closed early.
Deng Jiaxian had to climb over the barbed wire fence first, and then Hu Side and several other young students lifted the bicycle over the barbed wire fence. When Deng Jiaxian tiptoed back to his dormitory, he would often be greeted by Xu Luxi's worried eyes when he opened the door.
In June 1959, after China and the Soviet Union turned against each other, the Soviet government terminated the original aid agreement. The already slow progress of the work was further exacerbated, and finally the central government decided to take matters into its own hands. The date
will always be remembered by the Chinese people and became the codename of my country's first atomic bomb "96".
When encountering a figure about the atmospheric pressure of a nuclear explosion left by a Soviet expert, Deng Jiaxian, with the help of Zhou Guangzhao , overturned the original conclusion with rigorous calculations, thus solving a key problem related to the success or failure of China's atomic bomb test.
In 1962, Deng Jiaxian led the team to overcome all difficulties and successfully completed the theoretical design of the atomic bomb, solving the key problem of China's atomic bomb.
In the early spring of 1963, after the cold test of the atomic bomb was successful. The Ninth Hospital of Deng Jiaxian's will be moved to Jinyintan in Qinghai. After Deng Jiaxian received the notice, he hurried to the Langrun Garden of Peking University to say goodbye to his parents.
38-year-old Deng Jiaxian understood that once he left, he would probably not have the chance to come back for many years. Deng Jiaxian returned home. He did not bring his wife and children with him as usual, nor did he massage his father or beat his mother's back as usual. He held back tears and told his parents in a low voice that he was going on a long trip. When
heard the news, his mother said distressedly, "Can't you change the research topic?" Deng Jiaxian could only comfort his mother, "I have changed the research topic a long time ago. It's just because I'm too busy with work and can't always accompany my mother and father!"
is in Next door to the plateau, Deng Jiaxian led a group of young students to overcome the difficulties of lack of materials and continuously push forward the progress.
General Li Jue called him a "baby head" and said that he brought joy to young people, and under his leadership, young people dedicated their excellent scientific research results to the motherland. It was they who built the atomic bomb test model on the Jinyin Beach in Qinghai.
At that time, whenever a colleague returned to Beijing, Xu Luxi would always find a way to have someone bring something to Deng Jiaxian. Sometimes it comes with filter "Great China", sometimes it comes with sour three-color candy cubes and oil fried noodles .
Under difficult conditions, Deng Jia often shared these things.
5.
When something was brought to him, he and his colleagues at the base rushed to eat it. During meetings, people like to be in his dormitory, where there are cigarettes and candies.Deng Jia arrived at the factory first, and someone would go directly to his pocket to take out cigarettes.
Deng Jiaxian often had two pairs of clothes in the base. At that time, his daughter was joining the training team in Inner Mongolia, and he kept the newer clothes to wear when visiting his daughter. The clothes I usually wear were torn, so I asked my colleague Meng Zhaoli to get some medical white tape and put them on.
Once, he introduced the development of the hydrogen bomb . After that, Cheng Kaijia's wife saw a white strip on Deng Jiaxian's clothes, and asked Meng Zhaoli: "Xiao Meng, what is on Lao Deng's body?" Meng Zhaoli seemed to have found it. Savior "Sister, please help! I can't sew clothes, I can only use tape to stick them on."
One day, Deng Jiaxian mysteriously said to Gao Gaoxian: "Old Gao, I just discovered a problem." Gao Gao looked at this "Kid King" asked with a smile, "What's the problem?" Deng Jiaxian was like a child who found a treasure, "You have to boil the water before adding noodles to the noodles!" Gao Gaoxian said strangely, "That's right." Deng Jiaxian chuckled, "Before, I boiled the noodles with water until they became mushy.”
Deng Jiaxian’s job is accompanied by danger. Once, the core components of the atomic bomb were processed in a special workshop, which was to cut the extremely pure and highly radioactive component blanks into the required shape.
can neither cut too much nor cut too little, can't have half a spark, and can't make the slightest mistake. Li Jue and Deng Jiaxian stood behind the workers at the same time. The workers felt at ease and focused.
General Li Jue was old and frail. He suffered a heart attack in the middle of the night and could not accompany him to the end. However, Deng Jiaxian always insisted on standing behind the master workers. He would not leave until the workers changed shifts and received qualified products the next morning.
Time came to 1964, and Deng Jiaxian finally signed the design plan for the atomic bomb. Subsequently, the produced sample bombs were sent to Lop Nur .
At that time, a telegram saying "mother is critically ill" was not given to Deng Jiaxian because the nuclear test was about to begin. In October, China successfully exploded its first atomic bomb. Deng Jiaxian led researchers to quickly enter the explosion site to take samples after the test to confirm the effect.
After Deng Jiaxian returned from the scene, the telegram was delivered to him. A Beijing 212 had already parked at the door, and Deng Jiaxian, who was anxious, rushed to the airport and flew directly to Beijing. When I walked into my mother's ward, I saw a " People's Daily " sign beside the bed.
One day after the atomic bomb exploded, Yan Jici, who was then the vice president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, came to the home of his friend Xu Deheng. Xu Deheng took a note saying "the atomic bomb exploded successfully" and said to Yan Jici: "Who has the ability to destroy China's atomic bomb?" Come out?"
Yan Jici replied: "Ask your son-in-law!" As the two laughed, Xu Luxi vaguely confirmed his guess: her husband should be working on the atomic bomb. Shortly after the success of the atomic bomb, Deng Jiaxian, Yu Min, and others invested in research on the hydrogen bomb.
At this time, Xu Luxi was both proud and worried.
VI,
In June 1967, my country’s first hydrogen bomb air explosion test was successful, becoming the fourth country in the world to master hydrogen bomb technology and creating the fastest speed in the world.
The news of the success of China's and was like a thunder, shocking the whole world. Immediately, doubts emerged. Deng Jiaxian's good friend Yang Zhenning once asked him. Under the arrangement of Premier Zhou, the two old friends reunited in Beijing in 1971.
Looking at the sick Deng Jiaxian, Yang Zhenning felt very sad. He asked Deng Jiaxian, "You built atomic bombs and hydrogen bombs, how much money did the country give you?"
Hearing this question, Deng Jiaxian smiled. He cheerfully said to Yang Zhenning, "The atomic bomb The reward is 10 yuan per time, and the hydrogen bomb is rewarded 10 yuan per time."
In an aerial drop experiment in 1979, the atomic bomb dropped from a high altitude unexpectedly did not explode, but fell to the ground and broke. Deng Jiaxian, who was aware of the danger of nuclear leakage, ordered everyone to step back. Ignoring the dissuasion of the students, he jumped into a military jeep and rushed into the crash site in the vast desert.
Fragments of the nuclear bomb were scattered on the ground, as large as half a football field. In order to find out the reason, Deng Jiaxian leaned over and picked up a piece of shrapnel regardless of the danger.In an instant, he reacted and threw the shrapnel to the ground. As a nuclear physicist, Deng Jiaxian clearly understood the radiotoxicity of plutonium and uranium.
Deng Jiaxian dragged his tired legs back to the base, and his first words after seeing the leader were "It's safe and sound." After saying that, Deng Jia fell down first. Xu Luxi later found a photo at the home of Zhao Jingpu, the then deputy minister of the Second Ministry of Machinery. Deng Jiaxian never took this photo home. In the photo, Deng Jiaxian and Zhao Jingpu were wearing protective clothing and posing together.
This photo was taken by Deng Jiaxian after inspecting the broken aerial bomb. Xu Luxi knew that Deng Jiaxian never took photos of his work, but he made an exception and took the initiative to take one. He probably knew that this experience would have a certain impact on his future health.
A few days later, Deng Jiaxian was forced to take leave by the base and returned to Beijing for hospitalization. The results showed that his urine was highly radioactive and almost all laboratory indicators were abnormal.
His wife took him to visit some well-known medical experts. They asked in surprise, how could Deng Jiaxian's physical condition be so bad? The wife was speechless. After the inspection, Deng Jiaxian was ready to pack up and return to the base.
Xu Luxi grabbed his arm and said, "Old Deng, what do you want to do? You are not allowed to go anywhere. You can recuperate at home." Deng Jiaxian forced a smile and patted his wife on the shoulder, "It's okay, I own my body." It's clear. I have to rush back, there is still a lot of work to do, and the comrades are waiting for me."
Xu Luxi stamped her feet and shouted at him: "You must not go, you must come back." "What will I do when I come back?" Deng Jiaxian said with a smile and tilted his head. "You will be a member of your academic department." "What if you don't pay me a salary?" "It doesn't matter, I won't earn a penny and I will support you. My salary is high."
At this time, Deng Jiaxian understood that he might not survive how many years.
has been on the front line all year round, and Deng Jiaxian's physical condition has been deteriorating. In 1985, Deng Jiaxian, who was the dean of the Ninth Academy, returned to Beijing to report to General Zhang Aiping. Looking at the pale Deng Jiaxian, General Zhang Aiping immediately ordered him to stop working and rest for a while.
But Deng Jiaxian just said that his work cannot be separated from him, and he was ready to return to the Lop Nur base after the report. General Zhang Aiping stopped him and dialed the number of Beijing 301 Hospital himself. Under the general's order, the guards almost carried Deng Jia to the hospital for inspection.
After the doctor completed a detailed examination, he asked Deng Jiaxian angrily: "What have you done earlier? Are your family members here?" Deng Jiaxian smiled and said, "I took two hours off to see the doctor, but only the security guard came." After that, he asked the doctor to keep it a secret, as he still had work to do. The doctor flatly refused, "You can't leave today."
Then, the doctor dialed General Zhang Aiping's phone number.
After learning that he was diagnosed with rectal cancer, Deng Jiaxian fell weakly on the hospital bed and said calmly: "I knew this day would come, but I didn't expect it to come so fast."
Deng Jiaxian knew it and left it to himself. The time is almost running out.
7.
Not long after, Deng Jiaxian underwent rectal cancer surgery. General Zhang Aiping waited at the door of the operating room for five hours until the operation was over. The door to the operating room opened, and the doctor with a complicated expression took out a section of intestine removed from Deng Jiaxian's body.
Xu Luxi, a professor of medicine, pressed his hand and understood that it was in an advanced stage.
Even though he was suffering from illness, Deng Jiaxian still did not give up his work.
When the Spring Festival was approaching in 1986, he invited a comrade who came to Beijing for a meeting to discuss work at his home. When the comrade got off the bus, he discovered that Lao Deng had also gotten off the other door. He had just returned from checking information at Beijing Library , and he had a drainage bag pinned to his waist.
In March 1986, Deng Jiaxian's cancer cells metastasized faster, and the pain in his body became more and more severe. His health became worse and worse, and he was so weak that he could hardly move.
At that time, the international restrictions on nuclear weapons were becoming increasingly tense. Deng Jiaxian was so anxious that he and nuclear physicist Yu Min prepared to draft the "Recommendation on China's Nuclear Weapons Development Plan", suggesting that the country should use China's nuclear weapons before a complete ban on nuclear testing. Development has reached the level of laboratory simulation.
For this proposal, Deng Jiaxian kept inviting colleagues to the hospital for discussions, and at one point the ward became a conference room.
Due to his physical weakness, he could only sit on a lifebuoy-style rubber mat, bend over his desk to revise, and finally completed the proposal. Deng Jiaxian asked his wife Xu Luxi to personally deliver the proposal signed by himself and Yu Min to the leaders of the Ninth Academy.
Before his wife left the house, Deng Jiaxian stopped her: "Xixi, this proposal is more important than your life." Not long after, Deng Jiaxian underwent a second major operation.
His old friend Lu Denggui came to see him, and he said with tears: "Lao Lu, I can't go back!" Lu Denggui was shocked and quickly comforted: "No. We won't work after we get out of the hospital. It's fun. !"
Deng Jiaxian laughed bitterly and turned over with great effort, "Look, my painkiller injections have turned into honeycombs." He held Lu Denggui's hand and cried loudly: "After I die, you will surround me. "Take me around."
Shortly before Deng Jiaxian's death, the organization equipped him with a special car. With the support of his family, he just sat in and turned around in a small circle, showing that he had enjoyed the treatment provided by the country.
In his last days, Deng Jiaxian said to his wife with guilt: "I've suffered so much for you!" After a long time, he said calmly: "I will die without regrets!"
On July 29, 1986, Xu Luxi held Deng Jiaxian's hand in grief. hands, murmuring: "His blood has run out."
On this day, an old man who dedicated his life to China's nuclear industry left us forever.
From 1958 to 1986, in the 28 years, our country conducted a total of 32 nuclear tests, 15 of which were directed by Deng Jiaxian, and all were successful. In the desert testing ground where sand and rocks are flying, Deng Jiaxian always takes the lead.
His close friend Yang Zhenning said in "The Biography of Deng Jiaxian": "If Jiaxian chooses his life again, he will still follow the path he has already taken. This is his character and quality."
"One is not famous. , Two are not for profit." This name will be engraved in the sky of history forever! Please remember, his name is Deng Jiaxian.
