"Shangshu Li Hongzhang " was never mentioned by Sun Yat-sen before his death. In 1934, Sun Yat-sen's close friend Chen Shaobai disclosed it for the first time in "Revolutionary History of the Revival China Association", but Mr. Sun has passed away and there is no way to verify it. It was not until Gu Jiegang found " on Li Hongzhang's book " on " Universal Bulletin " and Professor Shen Weibin found three letters from Sun Yat-sen going north, and the truth of this secret history came to light.
In January 1894, the 28-year-old Sun Yat-sen was ostracized by "Portuguese doctors" and decided to stop hanging pots in Macau and Guangzhou to help the world, and went back to his hometown with his friend Lu HaodongCuiheng Village, and wrote "Book of Li Hongzhang" behind closed doors. The first draft of Xia Zhijiao was completed: the full text is more than 8,000 words. The central idea is the foundation of Europe’s prosperity and strength. flow. To achieve the above goals, we need to start from these four aspects. Sun Yat-sen and Chen Shaobai scrutinized and revised it immediately. Sun Yat-sen believed that Li Hongzhang, the leader of the Westernization Movement, built railways, opened coal mines, opened telegraphs, built schools in Tianjin, and established the Beiyang Navy, which attracted the attention of the Chinese people. If the proposition is adopted, it means a top-down central change. Sun Yat-sen had long had ideas for improvement. He once wrote a letter to Zheng Zaoru , who had returned home due to illness, and suggested smoking cessation, establishing a school, and organizing a peasant association to promote mulberry farming. Sun Yat-sen also imagined that he would use his own funds to travel around Europe and the United States to learn about farming and mulberry. After completing his studies, he will raise funds to set up academies and educate young people. He also plans to travel to Xinjiang, Qiongzhou, Taiwan and other places, recruiting people to cultivate and so on.
How can I meet Li Hongzhang? To this end, Sun Yat-sen made a careful plan. He found Wei Heng, a fellow in Haiphong from Macau (Sun Zeng cured his hemorrhoids and became friends), and asked to write a letter of introduction to Sheng Zhouhuai. Wei Heng was happy to help, and said in the letter: "Yixian has been admiring for a long time and asked my brother to observe Gongdewang and wish to see him."Sun Yat-sen took a letter and Lu Haodong went to Shanghai to meet Sheng Zhouhuai, Zhou Huai was the cousin of Sheng Xuanhuai in Jinhai Road, and had been with Wei Heng for many years. After seeing the letter, he wrote a letter of recommendation to his brother Sheng Xuanhuai on the spot and attached it. Wei Hengyuan letter.
At the same time, Sun Yat-sen visited senior Xiangshan and steamship China Merchants Bureau Zheng Guanying in Shanghai. It happened that Wang Tao was also present. After everyone listened to the "Book of Li Hongzhang", they helped to revise and polish it. Especially Zheng Guanying I wrote a letter of recommendation to my boss and close friend Sheng Xuanhuai. In the letter, I asked my brother to ask my father to ask for Fu Xiang . With this "double insurance", I also received funding from my fellow Yantai businessman Tan Xugu. , On June 26, Sun Yat-sen and Lu Haodong embarked on the road to Tianjin with confidence.
After Sun Yat-sen arrived in Tianjin, he stayed at the Fozhaolou Inn in the French Concession in Tianjin. The facade of Sheng Xuanhuai's residence was presented. Sun Yat-sen put forward the idea of "making the best use of people's talents, making the best use of the land, making the best use of materials, and making the best use of goods", which coincides with the Westernization career that Sheng Xuanhuai has pursued for many years, so the two sides "talked very well". After Sun Yat-sen, Sheng Xuanhuai wrote the words "Sun Yat-sen Shishi, Tao Zhai" in Zheng Guan's letter to show his special attention.
Sheng Xuanhuaixuan will submit the letter to Li Hongzhang. However, Sun Yat-sen did not wait for the news, so he went to Kaiping The coal mine visited the clan and waited patiently. Before that, the Japanese Privy Council had decided to launch a war against China, and the Chinese side fell into a trap set by Japan in Korea. In July, Li Hongzhang contacted Britain and Russia to mediate failure, and felt that the Qing army in Korea had failed. The army was weak, so they urgently called for assistance from various armies. At this time, the troop transport ship " Gaosheng No. " was attacked by the Japanese army and suffered heavy losses. At the same time, the Japanese army launched an attack on the Qing army in Chenghuan, Korea, and the war was inevitable.Li Hongzhang dispatched army reinforcements, dispatched the navy to patrol the sea, discussed with the General Administration to prepare for the war, and was busy with military affairs. Regarding Sheng Xuanhuai's recommendation, it was said: "See you after the war!" After hearing the reply, Sun Yat-sen and his party returned to Shanghai gloomily, trying to make a last effort. In October, the "Shang Li Fu Xiangshu" was serialized and published on the No. 69 and No. 70 of the "Guanguo Bulletin" advocated by the Shanghai Guangxi Society, with the subtitle "Contribution from Xiangshan, Guangdong". Sun Yat-sen hoped that this move would attract the attention of Li Hongzhang or other officials in the frontiers, but it was like a rock and no one cared about it.
The failure to submit a book educated Sun Yat-sen. In November, he abandoned the illusion of reform and left to Honolulu to form the Revival China Association and embark on the road of armed overthrow of the Qing government.
(from Tonight)
