A Yanmen Pass Half of Chinese History｜The most beautiful ancient Great Wall where the Yang family will kill the enemy and Wang Zhaojun went out of the fortress

A half of the Yanmen Pass China History

8b0f#248 An important part of the cultural heritage of the Great Wall, a national key cultural relics protection unit, is known as "China's first pass." In more than 3,000 years of history, as a famous border fortress in the northern border of ancient China, Yanmen Pass has witnessed and influenced the historical process of China; experienced the arduous process of ethnic integration and accumulated the essence of multi-ethnic culture; as a famous business way in Chinese history, Yanmen Pass has witnessed the rise and fall of the ancient border trade, and has achieved the glory of Shanxi merchants.

Yanmenguan Scenic Area is a frontier fortress culture, Great Wall culture, and pass with the historical relics of Yanmenguan military defense system and ruins as the main landscape resources Cultural tourism area, with a planned area of ​​30 square kilometers. With the large-scale restoration and development in recent years, the ancient Yanmen Pass has become a frontier fortress cultural tourism destination integrating "food, housing, transportation, travel, shopping, entertainment" and other comprehensive functions.

I have never set foot here twice in Shanxi. This time I finally have the opportunity to come to Yanmen Pass to experience an important part of the Great Wall of my country and experience the glory of Shanxi merchants at the first pass of China.

The weather in recent days can be described as high in autumn, sunny and gentle breeze. In the early morning, we set off from Daixian County to Yanmenguan Scenic Area, which is less than 20 kilometers away from Daixian County. Generally speaking, it is recommended to enter the scenic area from the North Gate.

I came to the north gate of the scenic spot at nine o'clock in the morning, and I met a performance with a performance by Yang Jiajiang. Bin ceremony.

Sounds roar, bursts of blows, chariots staggered, swords and blood shadows-majestic music also We brought back to the distant Northern Song Dynasty, and couldn't help but recall the touching stories of famous Yang family members Yang Ye, Yang Yanzhao and others defending the country.

Passing by Mingyue Tower, you are right in front of the back waist shop of Yanmen Pass. Houyaopu is the first village after passing the customs, and it is also the rest place for the business brigade horse team. In the past, there were many merchants and shops here.

Now it is called Mingyue Village. This village is not very big. At the beginning, it was used by soldiers. The descendants of the guards at the time.

Here is a well called "Leopard Tuquan", Shanxi lacks water, but this well is perennial There is water, and the Ming Dynasty recorded that "the flat ground is prominent, if the beast is fierce", hence the name "Leopard Tuquan". The spring water flows out of the gate in the north and flows into the Sanggan River. Drought and floods do not overflow, and it has nourished countless guard soldiers for thousands of years.

​The war at Yanmen Pass in the Ming Dynasty gradually subsided, and the border trade here gradually began to develop, and the famous "frontier trade" ". Bianmao Street is located between Yanmenzhai and Wengcheng Gate. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, this place was the most prosperous place for border trade.

The street is paved with bluestone slabs, and both sides of the street are brick and wood structure six-purlin saddle-frame buildings, blue bricks The wall reproduces the style of the border trade street in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Become a commercial street for displaying border trade and selling souvenirs. At first, people outside the customs exchanged some animal skins for food and sundries in the Central Plains, and then slowly developed into a trade fair.

Now tourists can taste and buy many local souvenirs here, which is also excellent to take home as a souvenir .

There are many handicrafts that are also commemorative.

There are many farmhouses in Mingyue Village that can provide accommodation for tourists.

There are many types of local snacks here, mainly: Daixian fire, noodles and castanopsis, Daixian boiled fish, sorghum noodles with fish, Daixian pickles, Daixian oil cake, Daixian hemp, Daixian Bowl holder and so on.

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After passing the torii of "Jiangnantong", we started "walking west exit".

The roof of the north gate is not built, the front of the gate is inlaid with a stone plaque, the book says "Yanmenguan" three characters, and a pair of inlaid bricks is carved on the left and right: "The three gates must be unparalleled, Jiuzhai respects the first gate. ”

Yanmenguan is located in Yanmen Mountain about 20 kilometers north of Daixian County, Shanxi Province, China. The important pass on the Great Wall is known for its "risk" and is known as "China's No. 1 Pass". It is said that "the world's nine gates are led by Yanmen". Together with Ningwu Pass and Pianguan Pass, they are called "Outer Three Passes".

On the west gate of Yanmenguan, there is Yang Liulang Temple, with a stone plaque inlaid on the front of the gate, and the book says "district". There are barracks in the north of Guancheng, and Jingbian Temple on the east side. Inside, there are a pair of stone lions, a stone flagpole and a stone stele. The inscription records the great achievements of Li Mu, a famous general of the State of Zhao, who led his troops to defeat the Xiongnu. There is a training school in the southeast. Legend has it that King Zhao Wuling carried out military reforms, riding and shooting with Hufu, defeating Linhu and Loufan's invasion, and established Yunzhong, Yanmen and Daijun.

Later, Li Mu was ordered to stay permanently in Yanmen to guard against the Huns. In order to avoid the Huns from harassing the people on the borders of the state of Zhao, the Huns had no income for several years, and the Zhao army was strong and strong, willing to fight for the first time. "Break the Huns with more than 100,000 horses."After more than ten years, the Huns did not dare to attack Zhao. Later generations called Li Mu a "Wizard" and built a "Jingbian Temple" at Yanmen Pass to commemorate his military exploits in defending the frontier.

After Qin Shihuang unified the Six Kingdoms, he sent General Meng Tian led 300,000 troops to go out of the fortress from Yanmen, and "strike Hu to the north and recover the land of Henan" (ie Hetao area), drove the Xiongnu to the north of Yinshan Mountain, and built the Great Wall​. The current stone road still retains the original shape of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and it is full of rut impressions, which shows how lively and bustling the road was at that time .

Yanmenguan North leads to Datong, an important town in the north of Shanxi Province, as far as the Mongolian plateau, and can be transferred to the ancient political town of Taiyuan in the north of Shanxi. Central Plains and Guanzhong are strategically important. During the Emperor of Han and Yuan Dynasty, Wang Zhaojun came out of Yanmen Pass to make peace. Since then, there has been a "Yaocheng Yan closed, cattle and horses but wild, the third police without dog barking, Li Shu has nothing to do." The stable situation of the military service. ​

Yanmenguan is located in the Daizhou ancient city in the north of the ancient city of Gouzhu ridge, located in the northwest of the city. About 20 kilometers north of Yanmen Mountain. "The First Pass of Nine-Sai Respect" Xiongguan is surrounded by dangerous mountains and high on Gouzhu Mountain. It is one of the main central passages for wild geese to return from the south to the north.​​The name Yanmen Pass began in the early Tang Dynasty. Due to the rise of the northern Turks, there were frequent internal crimes. Tang garrisoned troops on Yanmen Mountain, and set up a gate at the high point of the iron-clad gate, and defended by guards. The Book of Tang Geography described here as “the east and west mountains are steep and there are roads in the middle. Circling ruggedly, the top of the pass is set, which is called Lixixing Pass, and also called Yanmen Pass. ”​

Since the Qin and Han dynasties, the northwestern part of Shanxi has been the center of the rule of the Northern Dynasties and has become the frontier of national integration. The Daixian County where it is located is the passageway for the ethnic minorities in northern Saibei to invade the inland. Therefore, Yanmen Pass has been a strategic border defense site since ancient times.

The wars that took place here from the 4th century to the 20th century BC, according to incomplete statistics There have been more than 140 times, which shows that it is indeed a battleground for military strategists. Yanmen Pass is connected to Datong in the north, Taiyuan in the south, enters the vast grasslands, and retreats to defend thousands of miles in the pass. Its strategic position is very important.​

The importance of Yanmen Pass is that it was the channel through which the northern peoples invaded the interior outside the Great Wall in ancient times. Therefore, it has been an important place for border defense since ancient times. Yanmen Mountain is Shanxi The northern branch of the Lvliang Mountain Range extends from Yunzhong Mountain to the northeast of Shanxi. It connects to the Hengshan Mountain in the east and runs slightly east-west between the Datong Basin and the Xindai Basin in Jinzhong. The altitude is above 15O0 meters and constitutes a giant defense between the north and the south.​

and it is a broken mountain, steep and difficult to climb, which enhances the isolation between the north and the south. Therefore, the Shanbei area has long been inferior to the ruling power of the Han people in history, but occupied by the northern ethnic groups. Yanmen Pass is connected to Datong, an important town in the north of Shanxi, as far as the Mongolian Plateau, and Nantong, the important town of Jinzhong, Taiyuan, which can be conveyed to the ancient political center of Central Plains and Guanzhong , The strategic position is very important.

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Yanmen Cave opens with horseshoes,

The wind howls and flags flutter.

Lean on the railing and still hear Zhaojun crying,

Hu Fu riding and shooting Yang Jiahao​.

With the large-scale restoration and development in recent years, the ancient Yanmen Pass has become a collection of “eat, live, travel, travel A frontier fortress cultural and tourist destination with integrated functions such as, shopping and entertainment. In order to make tourists feel more immersive and experience Northern Wei, Jin, and Liao culture in the scenic area, in addition to the daily regular performances, the staff put on Hanfu, and many performance art performances were set up in the scenic area. You can participate in it, take pictures and interact, it's a lot of fun, it's not lively. ​

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Jinge iron horse gunpowder smoke, nostalgic tourists come. As the 70th anniversary of the National Day is approaching, the five-star red flags can be seen everywhere in the scenic spot. You can climb the majestic Yanmen Pass and be immersed in the scene. I am also proud of being a Chinese!

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#8b0 Pour Maguan, go straight to Youyan and connect with Hanhai; go west to Xuangangkou, Ningwuguan, Piantouguan to the side of the Yellow River. Hengshan Mountain is the inner Great Wall winding along the top of the mountain along the northern border of Dai County, which unites Yanmen Mountain, Mantou Mountain and Caoduo Mountain. It lies on the Yanbei Plateau in the north and Xinding Basin in the Nanping. ​

Where the horse is heading, the North Journey has not returned.

Cold clouds bring snow, Yanmen Pass at sunset.

Fenshui all the way, count the prefectures to see Jinshan.

I know you like the first service, and I only love this leisure. ​

Yanmenguan integrates the bleak, solemn, majestic, majestic border customs and rich historical heritage with its rich history. The cultural connotation of is unique and unparalleled.

Related travel information#04a7b#248b#04a7b#248#There are two large-scale post-style integrated service areas at the north and south entrances of the scenic spot, the front waist shop and the back waist shop, which integrate tourism consultation, parking, accommodation, conferences, leisure, entertainment, and shopping.

Long-line tourists, enter the scenic spot from the north and south entrances, It takes about 2.5 hours to reach the exit along the central axis; if you simply visit Yanmenguan Scenic Area, it will take about half a day to one day. Especially the scenic area has a national mountaineering fitness trail, and climbers staying longer; if staying for 2 days, it can be extended to The new Guangwu, the old Guangwu, the Great Wall, the ancient city of Daizhou, the Zhao Gaoguan National Forest Park, the Ancestral Hall of the Yang Family, and Bai Baiyan belong to Daixian scenic spots in the Yanmen Cultural Tourism Circle.

The service facilities of the visitor center are relatively complete. You need to take the scenic sightseeing bus to enter the scenic spot, and the fare is 10 yuan/round trip. people.