On August 7, 1927, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China convened an emergency meeting in Hankou, Hubei. The meeting criticized and corrected Chen Duxiu's right opportunist errors and determined the general policy of the agrarian revolution and armed struggle. In accordance with the spirit of the "August 7th" meeting, the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee of the Communist Party of China organized the "Qingjian Uprising" and the "Weihua Uprising" in October 1927 and May 1928. After the failure, in order to strengthen the leadership of the armed struggle, the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China appointed Liu Zhidan as secretary of the Military Committee of the Northern Shaanxi Special Committee in the autumn of 1928, and and Xie Zichang as members of the Military Committee.
Liu Zhidan
Liu Zhidan and Xie Zichang used their old relationships during the Northern Expedition to enter the Ningxia warlord Su Yusheng in the autumn of 1929. They took this opportunity to arrange a large number of Communist Party members and league members to the Soviet Union, set up a student team, established a special party branch, and trained a group of military cadres for the party.
In the spring of 1930, Su Yusheng failed. Liu Zhidan and Xie Zichang came to Qingyang Sandaochuan (now in Wuqi County), and entered the Longdong Civilian Regiment Commander Tan Shilin to build the army under the name of Tan Shilin. In May and June, Yan Hongyan and others, who were sent by Xie Zichang to the Yang Gengwu Division of the Houqiudian Citizens' Regiment to do military movement work, pulled out the guns of more than 300 people from the Zhou Weiqi camp, and joined Liu Zhidan’s division in Sandaochuan to form the third regiment directly under it. , Xie Zichang was appointed as the head of the regiment, and Liu Zhidan as the deputy head of the regiment. As the bandit Zhang Tingzhi who took refuge in Tan Shilin bought Zhou Weiqi to rebel, Liu Zhidan and Xie Zichang escaped, Ma Xiwu was arrested, and the troop movement failed again, which was called the "Sandaochuan Incident" in history.
In September 1930, Tan Shilin, commander of the Longdong Civilian Army, still asked Liu Zhidan to serve as the commander of the 6th Cavalry Battalion in order to expand his power, and instructed the 24th Battalion of the Civilian Army in Taibai Town, Heshui County to assist. On October 1st, Liu Zhidan and others killed the 24th Battalion Battalion Commander Huang Yulin and Deputy Battalion Commander Wang Fengzhu in the "Partnership" event under the name of commerce lending grain and grass, seized all the firearms and ammunition of the battalion company, and defeated the second company. During the transfer of the troops, the commander Ma Jianyou of the third company of the battalion was captured again, and all the guns and horses of the third company were seized. This military action laid the foundation for the revolutionary armed struggle in the border of Shaanxi and Gansu. After Taibai took the gun, Liu Zhidan used his acquired weapons to establish a guerrilla force of more than 40 people.The masses called them "Liu Zhidan guerrillas" or "Nanliang guerrillas."
In August 1931, Liu Zhidan was attacked and detained by Gao Guangren who had colluded with Su Yusheng in his early victory. After taking advantage of the heavy rain in the night to get out, he and Ma Xiwu came to the station of the Yang Peisheng guerrillas in Taoshuiwan, Pingdingchuan, and sent people to notify Zhao Lianbi and Jia Shengcai to come and meet. After the reunion of the troops, more than 300 people were reorganized into 3 brigades. This was the first revolutionary armed force in Longdong independently led by the Communist Party of China.
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