1. Span2span Osteoporosis Primary prevention
should start with children and adolescents, such as paying attention to reasonable dietary nutrition, and eating more foods high in Ca and P, such as fish, Shrimp, dried shrimp skin, kelp, milk (250ml contains 300mg of Ca), dairy products, bone soup, eggs, beans, fine grains, sesame seeds, melon seeds, green leafy vegetables, etc. Try to get rid of "risk factors" and adhere to a scientific lifestyle, such as physical exercise, sunbathing more, no smoking, no alcohol, less coffee, strong tea and carbonated beverages, less sugar and salt, and animal protein is not suitable More, late marriage, less childbearing, and the lactation period should not be too long. Preserving calcium in the body as much as possible, enriching the calcium store, and increasing the peak bone value to the maximum are the best measures to prevent osteoporosis in the later stages of life.
Secondary prevention of osteoporosis
Bone loss accelerates in middle-aged people, especially women after menopause. During this period, a bone density check should be performed every year. For people with rapid bone mass reduction, prevention and treatment measures should be taken as soon as possible. In recent years, most scholars in Europe and the United States advocate that women should start long-term estrogen replacement therapy within 3 years after menopause. At the same time, they insist on long-term preventive calcium supplementation or use osteopeptide oral preparations for preventive treatment, so as to safely and effectively prevent osteoporosis. . Japan advocates the use of active Vit D and calcium to prevent osteoporosis, and pay attention to active treatment of osteoporosis-related diseases, such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, steatorrhea, chronic nephritis , Hyperparathyroidism/hyperthyroidism, bone metastases, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, etc.
The tertiary prevention of osteoporosis
Patients with degenerative osteoporosis should actively suppress bone resorption (estrogen, CT, Ca)Promote bone formation (active Vit D), and the drug treatment of osteopeptide oral preparations (osteopeptide tablets) should also strengthen anti-falling, anti-collision, anti-stumbling, and anti-bumping measures. Middle-aged and elderly patients with fractures should be actively operated, implemented strong internal fixation, early activities, physical therapy, physical therapy, psychotherapy, nutrition, calcium supplementation, pain relief, promotion of bone growth, prevention of bone loss, and comprehensive treatment such as improving immune function and overall quality.
Prevention of osteoporotic fractures
1. Avoid trauma: Common traumas include falls, smashes, crushes, and car accidents. Because elderly osteoporosis , bone fragility increases, and at the same time, the coordination of body movement and nervous system of the elderly is poor, the bones suddenly receive external force directly or indirectly, and they are prone to fractures. The most common fracture in elderly patients with osteoporosis is femoral neck fracture , which is mostly caused by falls.
2. Avoid over-bearing: weight-bearing has two meanings at this time, including moving heavier objects and overweight (obesity). When bearing weight, the bones need to bear greater pressure to support the body. Long-term excessive weight bearing will inevitably deform the vertebra , resulting in compression or wedge-shaped changes. Elderly obese people have more low back pain and discomfort than thin people, and the incidence and degree of vertebral compression or wedge changes are higher than those of thin people. So weight loss is an important measure to avoid excessive weight-bearing bones.
3. Removal of risk factors: The risk factors that make falls are prone to occur include orthostatic hypotension caused by the elderly taking sedative hypnotics, inappropriate antihypertensive drugs, orthostatic hypotension, combined with dizziness, combined with visual and visual disturbance, combined with Parkinson's 'S disease and senile dementia.
4. Living and daily activities: The room is required to be spacious and bright, easy to move, and the living utensils as simple and safe as possible. In addition to preventing falls, it is also necessary to prevent trips, overturns, and collisions during activities.
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