Automobile electrification not only brings energy conservation and emission reduction, but also improves the overall quality of vehicles.
When faced with fuel-powered cars, four-wheel drive was the most ideal option, but it was also the least selected option. There are two reasons. One is that the manufacturing cost of mechanical four-wheel drive cars is too high, which is much higher than the two-wheel drive version of the same model or the same class of cars; the other is that the complex transmission system brings higher failure rate and usage costs, so family cars are still dominated by front-wheel drive and rear-wheel drive.
However, with the popularization and application of electric drive platforms, the four-wheel drive of household cars will inevitably be upgraded.
Let’s see a picture below. From left to right, there are front front-wheel drive (can be built into four-wheel drive), front-rear and four-wheel drive, and electric four-wheel drive respectively.
electric and plug-in hybrid (cover extended range) four-wheel drive does not require a complex transmission structure, because the motor is small in size and extremely efficient. A fuel vehicle can only be used as an internal combustion engine and its energy consumption is already high, while an new energy vehicle can be equipped with multiple motors and can still maintain reasonable energy consumption. Therefore, to achieve four-wheel drive, you only need to drive the front motor and the rear motor to drive the rear wheel, and the motor can stabilize energy consumption at high speed, so you can directly adjust the vehicle speed at the motor speed; in the end, electric four-wheel drive cars no longer need a gearbox, and there is no need for an transfer box , and realize an open differential or limited-slip differential that does not require a full-time four-wheel drive.
The failure rate of electric four-wheel drive cars can be as low as front-wheel drive cars, which can be much lower than that of fuel-powered four-wheel drive cars, and can ensure the controllable cost of car use; the key point is that the manufacturing cost of four-wheel drive cars without these hardware is more ideal, so now there are electric four-wheel drive small steel cannons that are priced only 180,000 yuan and can complete 100 kilometers acceleration in less than four seconds. There is a medium-sized electric four-wheel drive SUV for just over 200,000 yuan.
In the future, with the further decline in the manufacturing cost of power batteries, it is inevitable that mainstream cars will achieve four-wheel drive.
The future road of four-wheel drive cars has two extremes. One is the above-mentioned four-wheel drive words of ordinary family cars, and the personalized evolution of the feelings of fuel-powered cars.
Off-road vehicle includes military vehicles and will gradually be electrified, and even "log transport vehicles" will gradually achieve technological transformation with the model of electric drive axle and range extender; then the living space of these fuel-powered four-wheel drive vehicles will be greatly compressed, so many car companies have turned their attention to the niche model market.
For example:
- Host RV
- Special four-wheel drive model
- ATV/UTV
, etc.
FAW , Heavy Duty Truck, Shaanxi Automobile and other automakers have successively launched the "4×4 Off-road Vehicles". The standards of these vehicles basically overlap with Umonik; this is a standard niche market, and the total number of RVs of various types has only 110,000 to 120,000. Therefore, in the short term, no first-tier car companies will focus on this market. It will take a long time to wait for a high-level, low-energy plug-in hybrid or extended-range four-wheel drive truck, so if you want personalized high-end off-road RVs, you can pay attention to these cars. The main models of the four-wheel drive off-road vehicle are ordinary ORV* (off-road vehicle) and pickup trucks. These two models will be launched in succession next year, as well as some high-end pure electric vehicles; the transformation of the main market is inevitable. Once these cars are launched one after another, even the popular tank off-road vehicles will be difficult to survive unless they are synchronized with technical upgrades.
The final off-road model of the fuel-powered four-wheel drive platform will be personalized, including trucks and light passengers.
Among them, light trucks are the main ones. Now some car companies have launched four-wheel drive light truck .
These four-wheel drive vehicles are actually the chassis of off-road vehicle vehicles, and are also ideal for outdoor off-road vehicles; because after the main model achieves four-wheel drive electrification, the prices of these four-wheel drive light trucks will inevitably gradually drop, so such cars are suitable for outdoor teams.
Various technologies of fuel-powered vehicles will gradually fall into motorcycles, and internal combustion engines and transmission are precedents. In fact, various technical standards of motorcycles are far lower than those of cars; then the various four-wheel drive technologies of fuel-powered vehicles will gradually fall into ATV/UTVs. These two models are called all-terrain vehicle (also called ATV ) and farmer car. Among them, the farmer's car has the appearance characteristics of a car but is far from meeting the standards of the technical conditions for safe operation of motor vehicles, so it is destined to be unable to register.
ATV·All-terrain vehicles cannot be registered at present, because there are no four-wheelers in motorcycle models. If a four-wheeler is a car, then ATVs do not meet the standards; but as fuel-powered cars gradually withdraw from the stage of history and the acceleration of motorcycle consumption upgrades, it is also necessary to personalize and high-end motorcycle models. There are now inverted three-wheeled motorcycles that can be registered, so the four-wheeled ATV is not far away from being registered.
So four-wheel drive cars will eventually change. Electric drive technology will drive ordinary family cars to achieve four-wheel drive, while fuel vehicles will gradually drop into special models in the niche market; oil-moving four-wheel drive cars will eventually become toys, what do you think?
Edit: Tianhe Auto-Auto Science Island
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