At a time when new energy vehicles are at their peak, is it still worth buying a fuel vehicle? Facing the many comments on the Internet, everyone has their own words. New energy vehicles are the electric vehicle that we Chinese call. They and fuel vehicles represent two different directions of the development of the automobile industry. They each have their own advantages and disadvantages. This requires partners to understand more and buy models that suit them in all aspects. Here is a brief introduction to the advantages and disadvantages of new energy vehicles.
First of all, new energy vehicles
1. free purchase
Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the "Announcement on the Continuation of the Vehicle Purchase Tax Policy for New Energy Vehicles" on September 26, 2022, extending the preferential policy for new energy vehicle tax exemption to December 31, 2023.
2. No-limited traffic restrictions
At the moment when environmental protection supervision is becoming increasingly strict, especially in the winter heating season in northern cities, in order to ensure air quality and residents' health, many cities have introduced restrictions on fuel vehicles. Some have odd and even numbers, and some have limited traffic restrictions on traffic restrictions a day. They have to pay attention to traffic restrictions every day, which has caused many inconveniences to people, but new energy vehicles are not subject to this limitation. This is also the main reason why many friends buy new energy vehicles.
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3. Car maintenance costs are low
Use BYD Han as the representative of new energy vehicles and Honda Accord as the representative of fuel vehicles. Let’s compare the energy consumption and cost gap between the two cars.
BYD Han EV
Guangben Accord
The two cars are positioned as medium-sized cars. The average power consumption of BYD Han is 14kWh/100km. The electricity bill depends on the time period ( peak and valley electricity price ) and location (private charging piles and public charging piles), and the price range is 0.5 yuan/kWh~1.2 yuan. /kWh, if the average is 1 yuan/kWh, then the average power consumption per 100 kilometers of BYD Han is 14 yuan; the average fuel consumption of Honda Accord is 7-9L/100km. We calculate it based on 8L/100km. The average price of 95# gasoline is 7.5 yuan/L, then the average fuel consumption of Honda Accord is 60 yuan, which is more than 4 times that of BYD Han. Based on the average vehicle mileage of 20,000 kilometers per year, BYD Han can save 9,200 yuan. The longer the mileage drive, the more cost gap.
BYD Han Maintenance
In terms of maintenance, Honda Accord needs to carry out two small insurances and one large insurance a year, with a total maintenance fee of about 1,800-2,000 yuan. BYD Han EV only needs to undergo routine inspections, and the annual cost is about 200-500 yuan. In terms of maintenance costs, new energy vehicles have simple structures, and batteries, motors, and electronic controls generally do not fail. Fuel vehicles almost burn engine oil, or the increase in engine oil, , and engine carbon deposits. Overall, the maintenance cost of new energy vehicles is lower.
Accord maintenance
4. Good driving experience
0 I have driven a friend’s new energy vehicle. The car started with almost no sound, unlike the motor sound of a fuel vehicle. I thought it was not on fire. The speed is fast, the car is very quiet, and there is no engine noise, and it feels very comfortable. The super large touch screen, humanized auxiliary machines, a sense of technology, and the interior looks very high-end.
BYD Han's interior
Acgo central control
Above are the advantages of new energy vehicles. Let's talk about its shortcomings.
1. The car price is relatively high
Compared with fuel vehicles of the same level, the price of new energy vehicles can be about 50,000-100,000 yuan higher. In addition to the body, interior and electronic originals, everyone knows that the three major items of fuel vehicles are engines, gearboxes and chassis. The engine is the most expensive, accounting for about 10% of the total car price. The engine is about 150,000 yuan. The engine is about 15,000 yuan. The gearbox is divided into many types such as: AMT, DCT, CVT, AT, the smoothest AT and the highest threshold. There are more AT gearboxes used in luxury cars, DCT and domestic products are used more, and most Japanese cars use smoother CVT. Domestic DCT has also gone from a slump in recent years. Now it is more mature, and the price is estimated to be 2,000-3,000. Manual transmission, can be completed in just a few hundred yuan.
car engine
car transmission
car transmission
The three major items that benchmark against new energy vehicles are batteries, motors and electronic controls. Among them, batteries account for the largest proportion. The higher the battery, the higher the cost. Most car owners have an understanding of new energy vehicles that replace batteries is more expensive than changing cars. There are mainly the following reasons for the following:
new energy vehicle battery pack
. The cost and price of batteries are indeed very high, and models like new energy vehicles that occupy such a high proportion of the cost of the entire vehicle are unprecedented. Taking ternary lithium batteries as an example, from the price of about 1,200 yuan/kWh three years ago to the present, it has only dropped to around 1,050 yuan/kWh. Although the cost of power batteries is constantly compressing, it still takes a certain amount of time to develop to the same level as fuel models.
Secondly, the battery cost is high, but the price of the vehicle can enjoy subsidies from the state and local governments, which invisibly reduces the cost of power batteries. However, since the power battery itself does not enjoy policy subsidies, it will give people the illusion of "sky-high price" when replacing the battery alone.
Third, new energy vehicles are in full swing, and the closed loop of after-sales and maintenance is relatively small. If there is any problem, you can only find a manufacturer to solve it. In the absence of other relevant channels, the profit margin is insufficient and the price is naturally higher.
2. High maintenance costs
The most important thing about the maintenance cost of pure electric vehicles in new energy vehicles is to see which faults are caused by pure electric vehicles. Compared with fuel vehicles, pure electric vehicles have much fewer mechanical parts. Without a transmission system, the probability of mechanical failure is smaller than that of fuel vehicles. Therefore, if it is a simple mechanical failure, the maintenance cost of pure electric vehicles will be lower than that of fuel vehicles. As for the failure of other components, timely maintenance costs of pure electric vehicles and fuel vehicle base This is similar, for example, if it is, maintenance and replacement of consumables for wipers, tires, seal strips, pure electric vehicles, and car maintenance costs, the biggest difference is that the power system of a pure electric vehicle has power and battery combination motor. If it is a general line failure, the fault can be determined by computer detection. In this case, the maintenance cost will not be too high, but if the power battery pack is damaged or failed and the power battery pack must be replaced, the cost of repair and replacement will be very high, and may even exceed the price of the original car.
A complaint incident was seen online, an NIO new energy vehicle was rear-ended at high speed, the 4S store was rated for damage and repair cost of 50W, and the car owner purchased the car only more than 20W.
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3. The insurance cost is too high
The insurance cost of new energy vehicles is generally about 21% higher than that of fuel vehicles. Because there is no exclusive insurance clause for new energy vehicles at present, new energy vehicles also use fuel vehicles' insurance terms when insured. Most new energy vehicles can enjoy subsidies. When calculating the vehicle loss insurance for new energy vehicles, insurance companies can only refer to the car price before subsidy, which leads to excessive insurance costs.
4. Long charging time, short battery life,
0. The batteries of new energy vehicles are currently mainly:
" lithium cobalt oxide 8650 battery", representing the model Tesla MODEL S. This type of battery production technology is mature and has high energy, which is about twice that of lithium iron phosphate battery . The stability at high temperature is slightly worse than that of nickel cobalt lithium manganate (NCM) and lithium iron phosphate batteries.
Tesla MODEL S
"Nickel-MH battery" represents models including Toyota prius, Ford car Ford Escape, Chevrolet Chevrolet Malibu, Honda Civic Hybrid, etc. The biggest advantage of this type of battery is its good safety, but compared with lithium batteries, it has a lower specific capacity and a larger volume.
Civic
"Lithium iron phosphate battery" The thermal stability of lithium iron phosphate battery is currently the best among the lithium battery for automotive use, and representative models: BYD e6, BYD Qin , BYD Tang , etc.However, its energy density is still quite different from that of ternary lithium batteries. The biggest pain point of lithium iron phosphate batteries is the charging problem at low temperatures. When the temperature is lower than minus 5℃, the charging efficiency is lower, and the lower code speed temperature will also affect the battery's capacitance. Not suitable for the charging needs of northern new energy vehicle owners in winter. This may also be the reason why Song Heyuan, a BYD hybrid model, temporarily switched to ternary lithium batteries. BYD's blade battery is actually the new generation of phosphate iron lithium battery, also known as super lithium iron phosphate battery. The reason why it is named "blade battery" is mainly because the configuration of the battery unit is inserted into the battery pack like a "blade", which is different from previous power battery units.
BYD's blade battery
BYD Tang
"Terminal lithium battery" refers to a lithium battery using lithium nickel cobalt manganese ternary positive electrode material. Representative models include BAIC New Energy EV200, BAIC New Energy EU260, and Tesla Model 3. Compared with lithium cobalt oxide battery, is highly secure, but the voltage is too low. The energy density is between lithium iron phosphate battery and lithium cobalt oxide 18650 battery. The future development trend of new energy vehicle batteries is suitable for weather in the north, and the batteries are more stable at low temperatures.
BAIC New Energy EU260
Tesla Model 3
" Graphene Battery ", the graphene battery under development is to add graphene to lithium batteries, which can help lithium batteries reduce the heat during production capacity, achieve the purpose of reducing energy loss, and ultimately avoid a large amount of energy being wasted, and at the same time it can reduce the damage to the battery by heat and improve the service life of the battery. The popularity of methylene batteries will be a leap in electric vehicles. Once graphene batteries are applied to new energy vehicles, it will be a disruptive change for the entire automotive industry.
All batteries have problems such as long charging time and short battery life, especially when turning on air conditioners and northern winter cars, the battery capacity is attenuated rapidly, and most manufacturers have falsely marked range, which has also become the reason why many owners who intend to buy new energy vehicles are waiting and waiting. With the development of technology, we hope to solve these two problems, so that new energy vehicles can usher in a real spring.
or above is a comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of new energy vehicles. If you have the intention to buy a car, you must combine your own car use and purchasing power to do it within your ability. Friends are welcome to like and follow, and more articles are presented in the next issue.
