"Mom, why do I have a birthmark?"
Many people carry the innate sign - birthmark. Some birthmarks can be seen when the baby is born, and some are revealed afterwards.
Some birthmarks can fade away by themselves as the baby grows up, while others need to be closely watched and even removed through medical intervention.
We often see that some babies have birthmarks that are different from the color of their surrounding skin.
Some of these birthmarks are red, some are blue, and some are brown. They have different shapes and sizes and positions on the body, and they are generally not painful or itchy.
Some of these birthmarks will leave quietly, some will be with the owner for a lifetime, and some will slowly undergo bad changes and need treatment.
birthmarks can be divided into vascular birthmarks and pigmented birthmarks.
Next we will talk about all the common situations.
hemangioma
vascular birthmarks, the most common one is infant hemangioma .
Generally, only 20% of infant hemangiomas appear at birth, and 80% occur 2 to 4 weeks after birth.
After the baby is born, if there is local skin whiteness and slight capillary dilation, it means that hemangioma is forming.
Early hemangiomas have not yet had pale manifestations of rapid proliferation
2 to 4 weeks after the baby is born, this part of the skin will bulge, and red or purple-red nodules appear.
This is a representative feature of infant hemangioma.
hemangiomas are divided into superficial phenotype, deep phenotype and mixed phenotype according to their location.
- bright red papules are called superficial phenotypic infant hemangioma;
- purple-red nodules are called deep hemangioma;
- contains two types of them at the same time, which is a mixed type.
1 The left side is superficial phenotypic hemangioma, and the right side is deep in type hemangioma
Hemangioma covers a large area of skin, or occurs in special areas (such as in areas around the orbit or nose, which affects visual development or causes respiratory problems), and treatment is required.
intervenes early, and can greatly reduce the impact of rapid hyperplasia of vascular on local skin.
deep in hemangioma blocks respiratory
The primary manifestation of hemangioma regression is that pale areas appear in the purple-red nodules and the skin damage begins to flatten.
Fresh erythema mole
Fresh erythema mole is a birthmark that causes the skin to turn red or purple due to vascular dilation. It is often found on the face, neck, and limbs, and sometimes it also affects other areas. The edges are irregular and the pressure fades.
Fresh erythema moles are often found on the face
This is a permanent birthmark. Early on, it is usually flat and pink, and as the baby grows, the color changes to dark red or purple. The range may also expand and thicken as the baby grows.
If the baby has this birthmark, parents need to consult a dermatologist in time.
Stork kiss mark
"Stork kiss mark" has another beautiful name called "Angel Kiss".
is actually caused by too many tiny blood vessels on the surface of the skin.
"Stork kiss marks" on the baby's neck
"Angel kiss" on the baby's forehead
When the baby is quiet, the patches appear a faint pink. When you cry or get fever, your blood vessels become full and the plaques will become redder.
This birthmark usually fades as the baby grows up, and most of them disappear within 18 months. Some stork kiss marks that grow on the back of the neck take longer to subside, and may even accompany the baby for life, and treatment may be considered.
In addition to the above vascular birthmarks, there is also a common birthmark, which is pigmented birthmarks, which are manifested as changes in the local skin color that are different from the surrounding areas.
Mongolian spot
Mongolian spot is the most common birthmark for babies. Mongolian spots appear when the baby is born. They are usually located in , lumbar sacral , and are gray-blue patches, which may also spread to the baby's entire back, even shoulders and limbs.
Mongolian spot
Mongolian spot is not dangerous for malignant transformation and does not require intervention.
As the baby grows up and the skin pigment increases, the difference between Mongolian spots and normal skin will become less and less obvious. Generally, can gradually fade in childhood, and rarely lasts until adulthood, so parents don’t have to worry.
pigment nevus
pigmentus, that is, congenital melanocyte nevus , manifests as a skin to brown or brown-black, isolated, smooth surface papules .
This pigmented nevus is often distinguished according to the size of the damaged skin. The maximum diameter of
- is less than 1.5 cm, which is small. The diameter of
- is between 1.5 cm and 20 cm, which is medium-sized. The diameter of
- is greater than 20 cm, which is large.
The probability of malignant change in small pigment nevi is very low
Congenital melanocyte nevi will grow in the same proportion as the baby's body grows, so many parents are worried about whether this mole has potential risk of malignant change.
movie " If You Are the One 2", the plot about melanoma
Although there are also small ones, most of the cancerous ones are large, that is, melanocyte nevus with a diameter greater than 20 cm. However, the chance of large melanocyte nevus appearing is very small, only 1 out of about 20,000 newborns.
Therefore, for ordinary pigmented moles with single and regular shape and color in , don’t worry, if they grow on exposed areas, they can be removed as needed.
If the baby has large congenital melanocyte nevus, it is recommended to see a doctor for a review once a year. If there are signs of rapid growth or other changes, seek medical attention in time. Especially when the baby is coming to puberty, pay attention to observation.
Coffee Spot
Coffee Spot, also known as coffee milk spots, is a type of cytochrome birthmark. It is named because the color is like pouring milk into coffee and mixing it.
Coffee spots can occur in any part of the body. They are hazel oval spots, which appear dark brown in dark skin with clear boundaries.
Typical coffee spots
Coffee spots can last throughout childhood and can increase as the baby grows older.
generally does not affect health and does not require intervention. But if there are the following situations:
- There are 6 or more coffee spots on the baby's body,
- before puberty, the maximum diameter is greater than 5 mm,
- or after puberty, the maximum diameter is greater than 15 mm,
At this time, parents need to be vigilant and should take their baby to see a dermatologist to consider the possibility of neurofibroma and other problems.
or above are common birthmarks. Parents can refer to it. If you encounter a special situation or have a skin abnormality in the family with a genetic history, it is recommended to seek medical treatment in time.
