Can I take medicine during pregnancy? How to choose the right medication during pregnancy? In Jiading Radio and Television Station's comprehensive FM100.3 program "Healthy Ways", the guests gave a detailed introduction to relevant knowledge and answered questions raised by some listeners and netizens. Let's take a look ↓
Lu Qin (first from left)
Guests Introducing
Lu Qin, Director of the Obstetrics Department of Jiading District Maternal and Child Health Hospital. He is good at the diagnosis and treatment of high-risk pregnant women and the diagnosis and treatment of premature births.
Basically master these 6 principles for medication during pregnancy
1. Medication must have clear indications and avoid unnecessary medication.
2. Choose drugs that are effective and relatively safe for the fetus according to the condition and under the guidance of a physician.
3. Single medication should be chosen and combined medication should be avoided.
4. You should choose drugs with relatively certain conclusions and avoid using newer drugs that are not yet certain to have adverse effects on the fetus.
5. Strictly control the dosage and duration of medication, and be careful to stop medication in time.
6. If your condition permits during early pregnancy, try to postpone medication until the second or third trimester.
What should I do if I find out that I accidentally took medicine before becoming pregnant? Will taking a small pill for a cold cause teratogenicity?
The specific situation varies from person to person. It depends on the time of taking medicine (early, mid or late period after menstruation?), length, dosage and which type of medicine will be analyzed.
The 1st week after fertilization: The fertilized egg has not yet been implanted in the uterine lining and is generally not affected by medications used by pregnant women.
Week 2 after fertilization: The cells have not yet further differentiated. If a small number of cells are damaged, cells can divide into to compensate. If a large number of cells are killed, the embryo will die, so there will be no teratogenic phenomena. In other words, if you find out that you are pregnant in the 2nd week after fertilization (calculated according to the menstrual cycle, usually the next menstruation), the drugs you took before will either cause natural abortion , or they will not have an impact on the baby. There is no need to worry about taking medicine during this period, or even having an abortion.
3-8 weeks after fertilization (5-10 weeks after menopause): This period is an important stage of embryonic organogenesis. The germination of each organ is fully developed during this stage, and it is most susceptible to the influence of drugs and external environment. The abnormality is called the "teratogenic highly sensitive period". Medication must be used with caution during this period. Drugs with high safety should be selected in small doses without affecting the therapeutic effect. Drugs with low safety and teratogenic adverse reactions should not be used.
After 8 weeks of fertilization: The sensitivity of drugs to the teratogenic effects of embryos or fertilized eggs will be reduced, but this does not mean that there is no teratogenicity at all, and drugs should be used with caution.
In short, if you accidentally take medicine during early pregnancy , please go to the genetic clinic for consultation in time and have relevant examinations done.
What should I do if I get sick during pregnancy? Many pregnant mothers choose not to seek medical treatment or take medicine. Is it advisable to just carry on?
is definitely not advisable. The mother's physical condition has a great influence on the baby's intrauterine condition. For example, if the mother has a fever, it will cause tachycardia. If the baby is not treated and cooled down in time, prolonged fetal tachycardia will cause intrauterine distress, miscarriage and other adverse consequences. The cause of fever is not necessarily a cold. If you don't go to the hospital for examination, sometimes a minor illness will turn into a serious illness, which will affect the health of mother and baby.
Another example is diarrhea. Diarrhea during pregnancy can cause dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, in pregnant women, affecting the absorption of nutrients, affecting fetal growth and development, and in severe cases, miscarriage or premature delivery. First of all, we need to understand the cause of diarrhea. Infectious diarrhea should be treated with antibiotics. If the diarrhea is severe, fluids should be rehydrated and electrolyte imbalance corrected under the guidance of a doctor. Therefore, if you feel unwell, please go to the hospital for examination in time. When you go to the doctor, tell the doctor that you are pregnant. The doctor will choose drugs that will not affect the baby when taking medicine.
Which medications are safe to take during pregnancy? Which ones are dangerous?
Currently, according to the standards set by the U.S. Drug and Food Administration, the different hazards of drugs are classified as follows:
Class A drugs: safe for pregnant women and harmless to embryos and fetuses, such as appropriate amounts of vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E etc., but too much is counterproductive and may also be risky.
html Class 1B drugs: relatively safe for pregnant women and basically harmless to the fetus, such as penicillin , cephalosporins, erythromycin , insulin , etc.C class drugs: only proven to be teratogenic to fetuses or capable of killing embryos in animal experimental studies, but not confirmed in human studies. Pregnant women need to weigh the pros and cons when using drugs, and they can only be used when the benefits outweigh the risks, such as gentamicin , promethazine , isoniazid , etc.
html Class 1D drugs: There is definite evidence of harm to the fetus. Unless there is an absolute effect after taking the drug in pregnant women, its application will not be considered, such as streptomycin sulfate (which causes damage to the 8th pair of cranial nerves in the fetus, hearing loss, etc.), tetracycline hydrochloride (causing the fetus to develop cleft palate, , anencephaly, etc.) should only be used as a last resort.Class X drugs: They can cause fetal abnormalities and are prohibited from use during pregnancy, such as methotrexate (which can cause fetal cleft lip, cleft palate, anencephaly, hydrocephalus, meningocele, etc.), diethylstilbestrol ( Can cause vaginal adenosis, vaginal clear cell carcinoma), etc.
Any drug has adverse reactions. Medication is related to dosage and duration. The greater the dose and the longer the medication time, the greater the adverse reactions to the fetus. Medication during pregnancy should shorten the medication time and reduce the dosage as much as possible.
How to take medicine if you feel uncomfortable during pregnancy?
Vomiting of pregnancy: Pregnant women with mild pregnancy reactions can take oral vitamin B6 to reduce pregnancy reactions. Pregnant women with persistent vomiting and "hyperemesis gravidarum" who cannot eat need to be hospitalized and given intravenous rehydration and multivitamin supplementation, especially vitamin B group , rational use of antiemetic drugs.
Anemia: Due to the increase in blood volume during pregnancy, the plasma increases relatively more than red blood cells , resulting in blood dilution and hemoglobin concentration decreasing. Most pregnant women have physiological anemia and should supplement iron in an appropriate amount and scientifically. is safe for pregnant women.
Muscle cramps: For pregnant women, it is mostly a symptom of calcium deficiency. They should supplement milk every day, calcium tablets of 600-1500mg/day, and get some exposure to the sun, which is beneficial to the absorption of calcium.
Constipation in pregnant women: Intestinal motility and intestinal tone are weakened during pregnancy, and pregnant women reduce exercise, which may easily cause constipation. Pregnant women usually eat more fresh vegetables and fruits with high fiber content. If necessary, use laxatives or lactulose, be careful. Use to open the plug and reveal and glycerin plug.
How should pregnant women supplement vitamins?
In the early stages of pregnancy, you can supplement it through diet. For example, you can eat more fresh fruits and vegetables, such as celery, tomatoes, garlic, oranges, grapefruits, grapes, strawberries , persimmons, etc. These vegetables and fruits contain a lot of vitamins.
Vitamin supplements are usually started when you are 3 months pregnant. During 4-6 months of pregnancy, pregnant women and fetuses have a greater demand for vitamins. During this period, the types and amounts of vitamins that need to be supplemented also increase. You can eat multi-vitamins. The tablets supplement the multivitamins needed by pregnant women and fetuses, but they should also be taken reasonably under the guidance of a doctor.
Writer: Qin Pinjie
Editor: Xu Yu
