On June 29, 2019, restoration workers were conducting ultrasonic testing on the statues at the Dazu Rock Carvings Scenic Area in Chongqing. Photo by Huang Shu/Guangming Pictures
On October 24, 2021, in Beijing, Jiaolong appeared at the National "13th Five-Year Plan" Science and Technology Innovation Achievements Exhibition, attracting many tourists to check in. Photo by Yan Xiang/Guangming Picture
Postdoctoral fellow Yuan Xiaowei’s team in Weifang, Shandong Province is studying high-quality zucchini breeding. Photo by Wang Qinghe/Guangming Picture
On December 10, 2020, visitors visited 5G drones at the Suzhou Electronics Expo. Photo by Wang Jiankang/Guangming Picture
Biological breedingThe "magician" who scientifically awakens the vitality of seeds
[Authoritative Interpretation by the Director of Admissions]
Bai Fei, Director of the Admissions Office of China Agricultural University:
The seed industry is the cornerstone of national agriculture and a national strategic reserve. At present, our country is facing a "stuck neck" problem that needs to be solved urgently in the seed industry. Talent is the key to breaking through the source bottleneck and winning the turnaround of the seed industry.
In 2022, under the background of the construction of "New Agricultural Science", China Agricultural University was approved and enrolled in the country's first biological breeding science major. The major of biological breeding science is an emerging interdisciplinary major of crop science, animal husbandry, biology, genetics, and informatics. This major is in the directory of plant production undergraduate majors and is awarded a Bachelor of Science.
In terms of curriculum, this major is based on the curriculum of genetic breeding and adds new courses such as biological intelligence breeding and molecular design breeding, as well as the intersection of modern biotechnology , information science , big data and artificial intelligence . subject courses. While covering the knowledge and ability structure of key aspects such as breeding and promotion of modern seed industry, it can also provide interdisciplinary courses for students to take, in order to expand students' horizons and thinking, and consolidate practical solutions to agricultural big data , genome selection, and genome chips. , molecular disease resistance genetic breeding and other "stuck neck" technology key links in the technical and theoretical basis.
Students who love animals and plants, are interested in animal and plant breeding, have innovative thinking and sense of responsibility, and are willing to engage in modern animal and plant breeding research or related industries can consider applying for this major. In particular, students who have a certain foundation in mathematics, physics, and chemistry, are determined to solve the problems of the national seed industry and national food security, and can think about the future from the perspective of national development are more suitable for studying this major.
[In-depth narration by subject experts]
Director of the Jiangsu Provincial Seed Industry Science and Technology Engineering Research Center and head of the seed industry discipline of the College of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University Zhang Hongsheng :
Having good varieties may not necessarily produce good seeds. A good variety of seed is not necessarily a good seed in the hands of the producer. Good varieties with high yield, high quality and high efficiency have good production potential, but to "revitalize" this potential, it needs to go through streamlined processing and processing. Only good seeds with strong vitality, high germination rate and neat emergence can In order to fully realize the production potential of good varieties, we must pay attention to the overall cultivation of the seed industry chain.
The seed science and engineering major is the professional direction set by Nanjing Agricultural University to adapt to such new needs and new concepts. In addition to mastering basic genetic breeding and molecular breeding knowledge, students must also be able to face the market and connect with industries, control the entire process of seed production including seed production, processing, transportation, storage and packaging, and do things to awaken the vitality of seeds. "Magician".
Therefore, in terms of curriculum, in addition to traditional professional courses such as genetic breeding and modern molecular biology, Nanjing Agricultural University also allows students to more extensively engage in seedling production, seed marketing, and seed production based on talent needs. Laws and regulations, as well as agricultural insurance and other related knowledge.
Energy science and engineering tackles "stuck neck" technical problems
[Authoritative interpretation by the admissions director]
Zhang Lei, director of the Admissions Office of Sichuan University:
Energy science and engineering is an important branch of the energy and power engineering major, and its core essence is to realize energy Efficient conversion and utilization, specializing in electric power production, power machinery , cryogenic refrigeration, fluid machinery and many other industry fields related to our production and life. Energy includes not only traditional fossil energy such as coal, oil, and natural gas, but also clean energy such as water energy, wind energy, solar energy, nuclear energy, and ocean energy, as well as hydrogen energy that will be widely used in the future. The " energy and power engineering " major mainly cultivates professional talents in design, manufacturing, research and development, management and other aspects around energy and power production, power machinery and systems.
Take the Sichuan University Energy and Power Engineering major as an example. This major combines the diversified needs of national energy security and energy green development, and is characterized by cultivating "hydropower + new energy" innovative talents. Graduates can continue to pursue postgraduate studies in the fields of hydraulic engineering, nuclear engineering and technology, shipbuilding and ocean engineering, and mechanical engineering. The average further study rate in the past three years has exceeded 55%. They can also go to relevant national agencies, scientific research institutes, electric power, etc. The industry is engaged in planning, design, scientific research, management, etc. The employment prospects are good, and graduates have strong salary competitiveness.
[In-depth narration by subject experts]
Li Yeqing, director of the Department of New Energy Science and Engineering, School of New Energy and Materials, China University of Petroleum (Beijing):
New energy science and engineering is an emerging major established in compliance with national strategies. At present, nearly 140 universities in China have offered this major. The research directions include solar energy, wind energy, hydrogen energy, etc. It is closely related to many majors such as physics, chemistry, materials, etc., and is extremely cross-cutting and cutting-edge.
The New Energy Science and Engineering major hopes to cultivate outstanding professionals and innovative talents with a solid foundation, strong abilities, high quality, strong practical ability, knowledge acquisition ability, social interaction ability, organizational management ability, strong international vision and innovative spirit. . Taking China University of Petroleum (Beijing) as an example, the new energy major mainly offers two directions: hydrogen energy and bioenergy . Hydrogen Energy focuses on the preparation and utilization of green hydrogen. Application scenarios include automobiles, steel and fertilizers. Bioenergy is oriented toward rural revitalization, focusing on the conversion and high-value utilization of biomass. By building large platforms such as the China National Petroleum Corporation-Dongying Municipal Government Carbon Neutrality Joint Research Institute, gathering a large team led by Xu Chunming, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, undertaking large projects such as the "Hydrogen Energy Special Project", and obtaining the first domestic hydrogen-based reduced iron project, etc. To achieve great results, it focuses on cultivating students’ innovative abilities and their ability to solve major basic problems and technical problems.
[First-line experience for professional students]
Harbin Institute of Technology School of Energy Science and Engineering Aerospace Thermal Science and Control Technology 2018 undergraduate student Ni Chenxu:
My fate with Harbin Institute of Technology "began" at the lecture, at which I received I arrived at the last thick department introduction manual of Harbin Institute of Technology. Since I was a child, I have liked to pay attention to and understand knowledge related to spacecraft and electronic devices. Therefore, power engineering and engineering thermophysics disciplines involving spacecraft thermal control and electronic device thermal management have become my first choice.
After entering Harbin Institute of Technology, I came into contact with masters who I could only look up to in news reports. While broadening my professional horizons, I was also deeply impressed by the patriotism of the masters. The major is mainly oriented to the country's "double carbon" needs and aerospace power development requirements. Students must learn the release, conversion, transfer, cleaning and automation of thermal energy in efficient energy production and utilization, and master aerospace energy transmission and control, propulsion and power systems. Professional knowledge in energy conversion, engine control, fault diagnosis, etc. serves the national energy, power, aerospace, aviation, navigation, chemical industry, metallurgy, construction, environmental protection and other industries.
still remembers the night when the freshman year project ended, our results were recognized by the teacher.At that moment, I deeply realized that where I was, one step forward was the starry sea that I had longed for. It was a fulfilling and happy path to study. Along the way, my heart reached beyond the sky and my eyes were as far as the stars.
Marine Science Focus on the development, utilization and protection of marine resources
[Authoritative Interpretation by the Director of Admissions]
Wang Yulong, Director of the Undergraduate Admissions Office of Ocean University of China:
The Marine Science Major is oriented to serve the country's marine power strategy and focuses on the development of marine science At the forefront, we will lead the training of national marine talents, play a radiating and leading role, and create a world-class marine science major. This major cultivates world-class marine talents who are committed to the development of national marine undertakings, have the consciousness and sentiment of building a community with a shared future for the ocean, have a solid theoretical foundation, excellent practical skills, outstanding innovation capabilities, and have an international perspective. Ocean University of China Marine Science Major is one of the oldest maritime-related majors in China.
The blue sea is a natural laboratory for marine science majors. Teachers from our school have visited offshore China, the Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, and the North and South Poles. They strive to introduce scientific research results and practices into teaching so that students can follow the latest trends. Frontiers of science.
[In-depth narration by subject experts]
You Weiwei, a professor at the College of Oceanology and Earth of Xiamen University:
The biggest feature of marine science is multi-disciplinary interdisciplinary. It can be divided into a marine science direction that focuses on theory, and a marine technology direction that focuses on application. Although it sounds strange, marine scientific research is actually not far away from us: How many types of marine life are there in the ocean? How to use sound to communicate underwater? These are the areas of marine science learning and research.
To truly become an "ocean man" and complete the above-mentioned useful and cool learning and research, you must have a solid theoretical foundation and practical ability. Therefore, the curriculum system of marine science major is very rich. In the marine taxonomy course, you will learn how to identify different marine organisms and become a naturalist; in the optional diving course, you will go to the bottom of the sea again and learn how to breathe, hover and travel underwater, and master The ability to swim under the sea.
Xiamen University Oceanography is the first "Department of Oceanography" established in our country, and it is also a "century-old store" that has been "in business" since the founding of the school. Therefore, in addition to solid course study and rigorous scientific research, marine science majors naturally also have enviable scientific research training opportunities. Freshmen can experience the charm of the ocean in an all-round way when they first enter school and find their favorite direction. After your sophomore year, you will be dazzled by all kinds of social practice activities... In your junior year, the most anticipated "Marine Silk Road Academy" talent training program is coming. During the primary semester, you will take the scientific research ship "Jiageng" to Nanhai conducts scientific examination training.
[First-line experience for professional students]
Teng Jiajia, a 2018 undergraduate student majoring in marine technology at the College of Marine and Earth Sciences, Tongji University:
The development prospects of in the marine technology major are as broad as the sea. Tongji University Marine disciplines are characterized by the combination of sea and land, ancient and modern, and science and technology. He has profound accumulation in the scientific application of technology. Professional teachers attach great importance to the integration of science and education, allowing us to have access to various advanced instruments and equipment that can "catch turtles in the five oceans" at the undergraduate level.
Marine technology is an interdisciplinary subject. We mainly study from two aspects in the four years of undergraduate study: scientific aspect - learning relevant knowledge of marine science to fully understand the scenarios of technology application; technical aspect - learning and mastering various advanced technical means and trying to apply these technical means to in the marine environment. In the
undergraduate study, science courses include Introduction to Earth Science, Introduction to Geophysics , Marine Engineering Environment, etc., leading us to appreciate the long and magnificent evolution history of the earth and understand the specialness and grandeur of the marine environment. There are also many practical courses in the training program.Through this type of course, we understand the future application scenarios of the knowledge we have learned; in the geoscience cognition internship, we saw the magnificent mountains and rivers of the motherland; in the comprehensive maritime internship, we drifted on a boat in the East China Sea for a week, and collected observation data through instruments and equipment Explore a new world beneath the ocean's surface.
Smart grid was born for the country’s major strategic needs
[Authoritative Interpretation by the Director of Admissions]
Peng Junlin, Director of the Admissions Office of North China Electric Power University:
North China Electric Power University The "Smart Grid Information Engineering" major is a national-level specialty and has been selected as a national first-class undergraduate major. " ". This major trains students to have the theoretical foundation of electrical engineering and information engineering, master the knowledge and application capabilities of electric power and information technology, be familiar with the development trends of the electric power industry, new energy power generation, and smart grids, and be able to engage in manufacturing and manufacturing related to the fields of electrical engineering and information engineering. Comprehensive senior engineering and technical talents working in engineering design, system operation, system analysis, etc. If the degree requirements are met, a bachelor's degree in engineering will be awarded. The main employment destinations for graduates of this major include power grid companies, power generation companies, scientific research institutes, related industries, government agencies or departments, engaged in design, development, production operation and management, technical support, etc.
[In-depth narration by subject experts]
Tianjin University Talented Professor Li Yongli :
Since I was a child, I have hoped to be an "engineer wearing work clothes, holding drawings in hand, rushing to the construction site" after graduation. In the 1980s, this image of a female engineer was very "cool". In the end, I did not go to the construction site. Instead, I have been doing scientific research and teaching at the university. But seeing the fruits of my labor being used in engineering was a fulfillment of my wish. After really entering the field of engineering technology, I found that the coolest thing about being an engineer is that your career is always advancing with the times.
Smart grid information engineering is a new major that emerged based on the major needs of the national energy strategic transformation. At present, our country has built the AC-DC hybrid power grid with the highest voltage level in the world and is the largest smart grid in the world. Facing such a complex large power grid, we still face many technical challenges and problems. Therefore, in classroom teaching, we not only teach basic professional theories and knowledge, but also introduce professional research directions and urgent problems to be solved based on the development context of power technology and actual engineering needs, and encourage students to participate in major national power research and development projects, so that all students can Combine learning knowledge with practice, and exercise the ability to research and solve problems.
In my opinion, to learn this major well, you need to master the core knowledge points of smart grid technology and information technology in four years of undergraduate study, and improve your ability to use advanced information technology to solve key issues in smart grids. Since it is a new major, the college will hold professional symposiums with students every semester, where teachers and students discuss plans for professional training, curriculum, etc., and make revisions in the next academic year.
[First-line experience of professional students]
Dong Mengwei, a graduate student at the School of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University:
In 2015, after I entered the School of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, I was pleasantly surprised to find that electricity contains such rich and exquisite knowledge. More importantly, I realize that electricity is related to the lifeblood of the national economy and national energy security. During our undergraduate studies, we need to actively participate in hands-on practice while building a complete knowledge system. As a complex and huge system project, smart grid involves many professional knowledge such as power transmission and distribution, information engineering , automation control, etc., and requires a solid and complete theoretical framework. In addition, this is a major that is closely integrated with practical applications. Through scientific research and practice, we can turn our ideas into reality. This will be a process of rapid growth and a sense of accomplishment. Now, I am a graduate student in the Smart Grid Operation and Optimization Laboratory. My main research direction is integrated energy management, providing a smart "brain" for the power system to achieve safe, economical, and low-carbon energy use.To promote the development of smart grids and serve the "double carbon" strategic goal, our young generation still has a long way to go. There are still many questions waiting to be explored and answered, such as how to achieve global energy security interconnection in the future and how to make energy greener... …
Archeology The intersection of Miao Yuan’s past and infinite future
[Authoritative Interpretation by the Director of Admissions]
Zang Qiang, Director of the Admissions and Employment Department of Capital Normal University:
The archeology discipline of Capital Normal University was established in 2003 and approved in 2016. Archaeological excavation team qualification from the State Administration of Cultural Heritage. This major is based on field archaeological excavation and comprehensive research. It also carries out research on the interpretation and protection, display and utilization of archaeological heritage. It has the characteristics of wide vision, multi-disciplinary, and composite type. This major attaches great importance to the combination of professional development and education, the combination of general education and professional education, the construction of a cross-department multi-disciplinary curriculum system, the implementation of tutoring systems, credit system , small class and personalized training, and exploration of international training paths. At the same time, we have established more than 10 internship bases, including the China Cultural Relics Exchange Center, Beijing Cultural Heritage Research Institute, etc., and have also set up a relatively complete professional practice system consisting of academic lectures, professional internships, social practice, graduation thesis, etc.
[In-depth narration by subject experts]
Dean of the School of Archeology and Museology at Peking University Shen Ruiwen :
Among Chinese higher education institutions, Peking University was the first to establish an archeology teaching and research institution. In 1922, the Archeology Research Laboratory was established under the Chinese Studies Department of Peking University; in 1952, the archeology major was established within the History Department. Afterwards, universities such as Northwestern University (1954), Jilin University (1972), Zhengzhou University (1976) also established archeology majors. After nearly a hundred years of development, Chinese archeology has condensed a curriculum system with Chinese archeology and field archaeological practice as the core, teaching knowledge in the field and cultivating people in practice. With the needs of social development, archeology now includes majors and directions such as archeology and museology, cultural relics protection, ancient architecture, and foreign languages and foreign history (archaeology). The professional learning content covers almost all disciplines from archaeological excavation to arrangement, research, protection, display and experimental archeology, from underground and underwater ruins to above-ground cultural heritage, from Chinese archeology to world archeology. Based on the guidance of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage and the efforts of various universities and colleges, archeology has achieved remarkable results, initially established the subject system, academic system and discourse system of Chinese archeology, and cultivated batches of outstanding protectors of Chinese heritage. , interpreter of Chinese civilization and disseminator of Chinese culture, and initially established the Chinese school of archeology.
[First-line experience of professional students]
Li Jiayan, a 2020 doctoral student at the School of Archeology and Museology, Peking University:
For every archaeologist, archeology is a unique subject that intersects and integrates with almost all disciplines. It will surprise you unexpectedly. It is a "lifelong exploration" and an "endless journey".
We start from the most basic theories of archeology, from memorizing and understanding individual ruins, to gradually connecting them into clusters of ruins under a common time and space background, and from exploring and analyzing politics, economy, culture and other aspects. From the level of archaeological issues to the continuous expansion into a network-connected and mutually influencing panoramic view of human society. Excavation internship is a special experience for archeology students. During the field excavation, all participating students will be divided into different aspects of the archaeological excavation work, from laying out the excavation to scraping the surface and drawing lines, from understanding the ruins to drawing lines. We spent one semester experiencing every step of the field excavation.
Only by adhering to awe of life, curiosity about the past, and longing for the future, and searching for potentially useful information in those seemingly forgotten material materials day after day, can we finally achieve the core goal of archaeology. The last thing I want to say is that as a discipline that stands at the intersection of the distant past and the infinite future, archeology is like a bridge that connects the past and present and the future, and deserves to be chosen by more students.
Electronic information major is a new generation of information technology pioneers
[Authoritative interpretation by the admissions director]
Guo Tao, director of the Undergraduate Admissions Office of Xi’an University of Electronic Science and Technology:
The electronic information major belongs to the engineering category, which is based on mathematics and physics and conducts in-depth study of information. The basic rules between carriers and information processing systems, thereby realizing an all-round innovative major in building complex information systems and even information society.
Electronic information majors have strong practicality. Therefore, it is particularly important to cultivate and exercise students' innovative practical abilities. It is necessary to give full play to students' subjective initiative and improve their ability to independently analyze and solve problems.
Electronic information industry, electronic information technology, and electronic information technology are all important areas for human development in the future and for a long time to come. Facing the country's urgent need to overcome the "stuck neck" project, and focusing on the development of key innovative technology fields such as the Internet of Things, semiconductors, artificial intelligence, and 5G applications, the supply of electronic information talents exceeds demand.
[In-depth narration by subject experts]
Professor Wu Junjie from the School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China:
The word electronic information may be unfamiliar to newly graduated high school students, but we have actually already enjoyed the rapid development of electronic information. The "benefits" it brings to life - when you miss your relatives far away, you can just open a video call and chat; when you want to explore distant places, the navigation system can help you find the way forward; when you feel unwell, CT and ultrasound in the hospital can detect lesions. From flying pigeons to deliver messages to 5G communications, from seeing, hearing, asking, and communicating to smart medical care...our lives are undergoing tremendous changes.
The electronic information major originated from the electricity in physics "power, heat, sound, electricity and light". It is suitable for students who have a foundation in mathematics and physics, are interested in scientific and technological research, and have certain practical abilities.
[First-line experience for professional students]
Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering 2020 information security undergraduate student Yang Yikai:
In the first year and a half of the undergraduate stage, we will learn advanced mathematics, , engineering practice and other public courses and programs Basic courses in electronic information such as design and circuit theory; and more than two years of in-depth study of professional courses.
There are various courses in universities, and the learning methods of different courses also have their own characteristics. Students who are interested in electrical fields such as chips, instruments, computers, communications, etc. can apply for the electronic information major. Here, you will learn interdisciplinary basic knowledge, improve information literacy, and acquire a rigorous academic attitude and innovative spirit.
(Compiled by interviews with our reporters Jin Haotian and Chen Peng)
