The research team used high-intensity laser flash to impact the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic film containing three elements, so that its surface can be instantly heated to 6000℃, and at the same time Shock wave compresses the material in a few nanoseconds (pressure is one million times the atmospheric pressure) to briefly simulate the extreme environment inside the ice giant and record this using small-angle X-ray scattering and X-ray diffraction. In one process, it was found that under such extreme pressure conditions, nano diamond was produced. This study not only confirms the early view that ice giants will experience a "diamond rain" inside, but also provides new ideas for the nanodiamond production process required for high-sensitivity quantum sensors. : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : The oxygen carrying six people - methane Mars thruster (MAV) is expected to cost about 500 tons of oxygen to carry out a Mars exploration mission, which makes the Mars exploration plan seem unrealistic. A study recently published in the journal Science Advances reported on the Mars oxygen in situ resource utilization experiment conducted by the research team of the MIT Department of Aerospace in the United States. The experiment successfully collected and utilized rich The Mars atmosphere containing carbon dioxide produces oxygen.
The "Perseverance" rover, which is equipped with the MOXIE experimental device, landed on Mars in February 2021. As of the end of 2021, MOXIE has conducted seven experiments in total, all of which can stabilize oxygen production at a production rate of 6 grams per hour in various extremely harsh atmospheric environments through the electrochemical method at a production rate of 6 grams per hour for 1 hour, and a total of about 50 were successfully produced. gram of oxygen that can be breathed. At present, the experimental team is working to improve the oxygen production and production durability of MOXIE to support future human Mars exploration programs.
► Article link:
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.abp8636
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How can you naturally relieve mental stress?
Image source: pixabay
Urban life is associated with higher anxiety, depression and schizophrenia risks, but people do not have conclusive evidence to prove the causal relationship. Scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Human Development in Germany conducted an experiment.They recruited 63 volunteers to walk for an hour in the forest or the commercial street of Berlin Berlin , and used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine their anxiety-related brain activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging respectively. The researchers found that represents the anxiety of the amygdala to decrease activity after walking in the forest, and the activity remains unchanged after walking in the commercial street. This study helps people understand the mechanism by which the environment affects mental health and is also of reference significance for future urban planning. : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : Big hot spot. Current wireless charging technology can achieve a charging distance of up to five meters. How to break through this limitation is the focus of research in the industry. Scientists from Sejong University in South Korea have developed a technology for wireless optical power transmission. This technology uses infrared ray to transmit 400 milliwatts of light energy up to 30 meters, which is enough to power some small sensors. Currently, the main potential application scenarios of this technology are the Internet of Things and factory monitoring sensors. The researchers hope to increase the practicality of this technology by increasing charging power and further increasing charging distance to achieve the goal of replacing wired charging.
► Article link:
https://opg.optica.org/oe/fulltext.cfm?uri=oe-30-19-33767&id=497548
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generation sugar is really harmless to the body?
Image source: pixabay
In order to prevent excessive obesity, blood sugar rise and other problems caused by natural sugar, "sugar replacement" foods are becoming more and more popular, allowing people to enjoy delicious food while reducing the burden of sweetness. Is there any potential harm in that generation of sugar?
Recently, a study published in the journal " cell " about the non-nutritive sweeteners (Non-nutritive sweeteners, NNS), found that NNS is not metabolic "indifference", and some NNSs can It has an adverse effect on blood sugar response and will also change the composition and function of human microbiota , thereby mediating the host's response to blood sugar. The study included 120 participants, divided into six groups, two groups were control groups, and four groups were NNS intervention groups, including aspartame, , saccharin, stevia and sucralose . The experiment used open-label, multi-arm randomized controlled trial (randomized controlled trial, RCTh) to monitor the blood sugar levels, feces, oral sample microbiome and plasma metabolic group of participants.
study found that saccharin and sucralose can damage the glucose tolerance of healthy individuals, have an adverse effect on blood sugar response, and will also significantly change the composition and function of the participants' intestinal microbials, which is related to blood sugar response. This study inspired us to further evaluate and refine the metabolic activity and safe use of NNS. : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : Disease research is of great significance. At present, the general view is that neurons that directly establish connections between the brain and adipose tissue belong to the sympathetic nervous system , that is, passively transmitting information to the brain.However, due to the deep adipose tissue, it poses certain challenges for observation and stimulation. There are still many uncertainties about the signaling between fat and the brain.
Recently, a research team from the Scripps Institute and at the Stanford University in the journal Nature revealed for the first time that sensory neurons can actively transmit signals from fat to the brain. This study uses a HYBRiD imaging technology to visualize fluorescence in mouse tissues to track the path of neurons entering adipose tissue. To further explore the role of neurons in adipose tissue, the researchers combined with another new technology called "ROOT" (Retrograde vector Optimized for Organ Tracing) to achieve sensory in adipose tissue through specific targeting of adeno-associated viruses. Elimination of neurons enables manipulation of sensory nerves. The results of the experiments of
show that when the brain does not receive signal input from sensory neurons, under the action of sympathetic neurons, the fat pad of mice becomes larger, the content of brown fat increases, and the body temperature also increases. Therefore, it is determined that sensory neurons may have the opposite function, i.e., close these programs. Although this research work is not clear at present about the exact information conveyed by adipose tissue and the brain, it reveals that the information transmission between the brain and adipose tissue is a very subtle information transmission through the synergistic effect of sensory neurons and sympathetic neurons. And these connections and communications are particularly critical for fat health.
► Article link:
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05137-7.
plate editing | ginger duck
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