Qian Xuesen When he was teaching at UST , he organized an open-book exam, but 95% of the people failed, and two people fainted due to excessive tension. Many of the students who took the exam later became academicians. When they recalled this past, they were still very excited.
958, in order to meet the development of cutting-edge science and technology in our country, under the initiative of the older generation of outstanding scientists, the country established University of Science and Technology of China . When the University of Science and Technology of China was founded, Qian Xuesen was the director of the Rocket Research Institute of the Ministry of National Defense, but in order to cultivate talents for the country, he took the time to serve as the first director of the Department of Mechanical Engineering of the University of Science and Technology, and worked for 20 years.
In addition to taking the battle himself, Qian Xuesen also came out in person and invited a group of great scientists to study for ordinary undergraduates. For example, physicists Yan Jici and Qian Linzhao teach general physics, mathematician Wu Wenjun teach Advanced mathematics , Jiang Jinli, who just returned to China, taught general chemistry, Bian Menggui talked about fluid mechanics , Lin Tongji teach aerodynamics , Guo Yonghuai teach boundary layer theory.
[The Department of Mechanical Engineering was later renamed to the Department of Modern Mechanics]
These people are all outstanding people in their respective fields, all of whom are doctoral students in the United States and doctoral supervisors. Most of them are members of the academicians, that is, later academicians. Usually they are all doctoral students, but now they are invited by Qian Xuesen to give lectures to ordinary freshmen.
Qian Xuesen said: "These senior researchers have heavy research tasks, and it is not easy to be able to take time to teach. However, in order to cultivate a group of young talents who master cutting-edge technology for the motherland, they have squeezed out time in their busy schedules and had no complaints."
Qian Xuesen himself also gave lectures to the students himself. He was talking about the "Introduction to Rocket Technology". Each time there are as many as four or five hundred students, which squeezed the huge classroom out of nowhere. The careful Qian Xuesen always asked the secretary to sit in the last row to check whether his voice could be heard clearly and whether his blackboard could be seen.
Although there are so many master-level figures in class, because the students' foundation is weak, the learning effect is still not satisfactory to Qian Xuesen. Once, he organized a mechanics exam, which was open papers, and textbooks, handouts, and materials could be brought in, but there were two questions in total, 95% of the students failed the exam, and two people fainted because of excessive nervousness.
What stumps everyone is the second question. The question is to launch a rocket from the earth, bypass the sun, and then return to the earth, requiring the equation to be listed and solved. The exam started at 8:30 in the morning, and no one handed in the exam until noon. Qian Xuesen said he would go to have a meal first and come back to take the exam after dinner. As a result, after lunch, I came back and took the exam until the evening. Everyone still couldn't do it, so I had to hand in the papers together.
This exam made Qian Xuesen very dissatisfied. He realized that everyone’s basic knowledge of mathematics and physics was not solid, so he wanted to “additional meals” for everyone, requiring students in the 58th grade mechanics department to delay graduation by half a year. In the past six months, students in the Department of Mechanics have practiced more than 3,000 math questions alone.
58 student Huang Jihu recalled: "Although we left school for half a year late, we have laid a solid foundation in mathematical science in the past six months, which benefited us for life." Among this group of students, Huang Jihu, Xu Jianzhong , Wu Yousheng and other groups later became academicians, and many others became heroes of " two bombs and one satellite ".
[This is the famous Qian Xuesen ballistic ]
This question has now become a high school physics competition question. Its essence is that the orbit of the rocket movement is on the ecliptic plane, ignoring the perturbation of the planetary gravity, taking the sun as a focus, and the period is twice as many as the Earth's orbit, that is, the Homan orbit. Finally, it can be calculated that the initial thrust of the required rocket is 4.35 tons and the ariel point is 3.45 by 10 cubic meters.
However, in an era when everyone has weak basic knowledge and lacks auxiliary tools such as computers, it is normal for a sophomore to fail this question. It is precisely because of this that Qian Xuesen, a science pioneer in the aerospace field, is a genius among geniuses.
Qian Xuesen was not angry because so many students did not make their own questions. Instead, he squeezed out more precious time to teach students, and even thinking about the way to set questions in the car. But if students make mistakes due to carelessness, Teacher Qian is extremely strict.
There was an exam, and a student wrote 's first cosmic speed to 7.8 kilometers per second as 7.8 meters per second, which was severely criticized by Qian Xuesen. He said: "How can this be done? Bicycles are faster than you, and it takes a lot of effort to write science. If you don't meticulously now, you will not only bleed in the future, but you will even pay the price of your life." The student was criticized in public and couldn't hold back his face and even cried.
Qian Xuesen not only has a strict side to students, but also a "kind" side. Student Cai Youzhi and several classmates spent several months building a small Rocket and asked Qian Xuesen to provide guidance. Qian Xuesen discovered that although the Rockets were on the sky, there were many problems, such as combustion oscillation. So Qian Xuesen invited Guo Yonghuai and combustion expert Lin Hongsun to answer questions and solve questions for students.
Cai Youzhi later recalled: Mr. Qian knew very well that first and second grade students could not make any high-level Rockets, but he did not pour cold water on him, and he took time out of such busy affairs to guide us. Looking back now, he was really moved.
Once, Qian Xuesen found that the students had too long homework, so he asked the secretary to find out the reason. It turned out that the reason was that the students did not have the calculation rule , so they spent a lot of time on the calculation process.
Qian Xuesen felt uncomfortable after hearing this. A calculation rule costs 18 yuan, which is simply a "luxury" for most students whose monthly living expenses are no more than 10 yuan. After hearing this, Qian Xuesen donated all the bonuses for his " Engineering Cybernetics " to the school without saying a word, and told the staff to buy the money they had, and to make every student have a calculation rule.
[Huang Jihu donated to Qian Xuesen Library rule]
Qian Xuesen's contribution to the country is not only because he gave up his superior life abroad and returned to China to serve, nor is he just because he has made efforts for the two bombs and one satellite, but also because he has cultivated a large number of outstanding talents in aerospace for our country, so that our two bombs and one satellite career can proceed smoothly, and that our aerospace industry can have people in the future. Qian Xuesen once said in his later years: "The highest reward for me is that the people say that I have done a little work for the country and the nation."
