I believe some friends who see doctors have such embarrassing moments
Standing in the bathroom of the laboratory department of the hospital
Holding a bottle of urine collection, I don’t know how to do it correctly
To reduce the occurrence of these embarrassing moments
The laboratory doctor in our hospital will talk to you about
urine is an important body fluid of the human body, produced by the kidneys, discharged through the ureters, bladder and contains a large number of human metabolites. Just like the eyes are the window of the soul, urine is a mirror for diseases of the kidneys and other organs of the urinary system.
By examining urine, doctors can know the type of urinary disease and judge the severity of the disease. Therefore, urine test is the most common examination item in nephrology or urology.
Different inspection purposes require different items to be detected, while different test items require different types of urine samples to achieve accurate detection of items.
Common types of urine sample types include random urine, morning urine, mid-section urine and 24-hour urine.
What are the differences in the way of retaining different urine? Let’s take a look at
1. Random urine
Random urine refers to urine for any other period of time except morning urine. It is mainly suitable for testing for routine urine, urine sediment and other items.
Random urine has become the most commonly used drug for urine tests due to the convenience of retention, but it is easily affected by diet, exercise, medication, etc., which can cause the concentration or pathological critical concentration of substances and missed parts, and may also cause dietary diabetes or drugs such as vitamin C.
2. Morning urine
Morning urine refers to the urine that is excreted for the first time after getting up in the morning, before breakfast and before doing exercise. It can be used for the evaluation of kidney concentration function, the phase of urine erythrocytes, the determination of human chorionic gonadotropin, and the formation examination of blood cells , epithelial cells , tube type, crystallization and tumor cells.
Morning urine generally resides in the bladder for 6-8 hours, and its various ingredients are concentrated and have reached the concentration required for testing or culture. Related studies have found that the random urine collected in the afternoon of patients has not been concentrated, resulting in the protein , Hcg (early pregnancy) and cells in it being dispersed or in a critical concentration state, which is prone to missed diagnosis.
How to save it: Keep the first urine after getting up in the morning, and try to avoid being contaminated by other secretions.
3. Mid-section urine
Mid-section urine is suitable for the culture and identification of urinary system pathogens.
Retention method: clean the urethral opening before collecting the specimens, then disinfect the urethral opening with cleaning solution such as 0.1% benzapine bromide, and then rinse with a lot of clean water. During the urine retention process, discard the urine excreted from the front and back periods, and collect the urine from the intermediate section in a sterile container.
Note that cleaning the urethral opening should not be cleaned with a liquid containing antibiotic to avoid affecting bacterial activity.
During the urination process, the urine excreted from the front and back periods is discarded, and the urine in the middle section is collected in a sterile container. It can avoid contamination of bacteria in the reproductive tract and distal urethra.
4.24-hour urine
24-hour urine can be used to determine urine protein quantitative , urine creatinine and uric acid excretion rate, etc., and is used for the diagnosis and efficacy evaluation of different diseases.
How to keep urine: keep urine and eat normally on the same day to avoid overeating. First prepare a clean large basin or bucket as a container for urine. The remaining urine should be placed in a cool place. It is usually recommended that patients urinate first at 7 o'clock in the morning and abandon it. It starts to stay with the second urine, and each urine is left in a pre-prepared container. Until 7 a.m. the next morning, I urinated again and stayed. Send the specimens to the hospital laboratory department for examination as soon as possible.
Precautions
Collection of corresponding urine samples is the prerequisite for accurately checking the corresponding test indicators, and correct collection of urine samples and reducing the interference of urine samples that should be collected should also not be ignored.During the period of urine sample retention, we need to pay attention to
1. Try not to drink a lot of water before routinely retention of urine, otherwise the urine will be diluted; during the period of 24 hours of urine, drink water regularly.
2. Avoid contamination of urine by vaginal secretions and feces samples.
3. Fresh urine should be used for routine urine and red blood cell phase examination. You need to leave enough 10mL and send it for examination within 1 hour. This project tries to collect sections of urine to avoid the interference of secretions.
4. The urine container should be kept dry and clean.
Department introduction
Some pictures are from the Internet
Supplied by: He Zhiliang | Initial review: Zhao Kewei
Typesetting edit (intern): Wang Yunyan
Text editor: Ye Meiqi | Proofreading editor: Li Longhao
Review: Wang Jian | Review and release: Fan Linyan
Text editor: Ye Meiqi | Proofreading editor: Li Longhao
Review: Wang Jian | Review and release: Fan Linyan
