More than 245 million people nationwide have hypertension . Many people do not pay enough attention to hypertension. Although some people pay attention to it, they do not know how to manage it.
In fact, there are four things that need to be done well in hypertension: First, find out the causes of hypertension; second, look at which dangerous level of hypertension reaches; third, look at what impact hypertension has on the body; fourth, whether hypertension management meets the standards.
First of all, we need to find out the cause of hypertension.
Recently, a clinic found that several young people had high blood pressure. They were only about 30 years old, and their blood pressure soared to more than 180/100mmHg. For such blood pressure, you must find out the cause of high blood pressure. More than 90% of our hypertension are primary hypertension , which is common in middle-aged and elderly people, and some have family genetic factors. The basic cause of this hypertension is caused by age, atherosclerosis, and poor living habits.
and about 5% of hypertension belong to secondary hypertension , which is common in young people or the elderly that are difficult to control. It is often because of some diseases that increase blood pressure. For example, there are adrenal tumors , renal vascular stenosis, chronic nephritis, aortic constriction , primary aldosteronism , pregnancy hypertension, hypertension caused by drugs, etc.
Secondly, you need to see what level of hypertension belongs to and which dangerous level you belong to. According to the traditional hypertension classification, it can be divided into three levels. Level 1 hypertension refers to systolic blood pressure at 140-159 mmHg, and (or) diastolic blood pressure at 90-99 mmHg. Grade 2 hypertension refers to the systolic blood pressure between 160-179 mmHg and (or) diastolic blood pressure between 100-109 mmHg. Grade 3 hypertension refers to systolic blood pressure ≥180mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥110mmHg. In fact, there are not many differences in the treatment plans for grade 2 and grade 3 hypertension.
The risk stratification of hypertension is relatively complex. The general principle is that the higher the blood pressure level, the more risk factors for cardiovascular and the higher the risk level of hypertension. Risk factors include men >55 years old, women >65 years old, smoking, abnormal glucose tolerance , dyslipidemia, , early onset coronary heart disease family history, abdominal obesity, hyperhomocysteinemia, etc. Target organ damage includes left ventricular hypertrophy, carotid artery ultrasound visible plaques, and microalbuminuria.
Third, see what effects high blood pressure has on the body. Hypertension is most commonly caused by heart, brain, and kidney damage, as well as complications.
If the left ventricular high voltage and left ventricular hypertrophy and strain on the electrocardiogram are present; the heart ultrasound indicates myocardial hypertrophy, and the heart is enlarged by ; even angina pectoris, heart failure , etc., it means that hypertension has caused heart complications.
Hypertension can easily cause cerebrovascular complications. Common transient ischemic attacks, lacunar cerebral infarction, large-scale cerebral infarction and even cerebral hemorrhage are all relatively serious complications.
The impact of hypertension on the kidneys is also being paid more and more attention. Many uremia appearance is directly related to hypertension. Early examinations found that proteinuria and increased creatinine and levels of are all required to pay great attention.
Fourth depends on whether the management of hypertension meets the standards. The management requirements for blood pressure in different groups are different. As we mentioned earlier, if the general population is the best to control it below 140/90mmHg; for the elderly aged 65-79, it is best to control it below 150/90mmHg, if it can be tolerated, it is best to control it below 140/90mmHg; for the elderly over 80 years old, it is best to control it below 150/90mmHg; for the elderly who have diabetes , coronary heart disease, heart failure, chronic renal insufficiency, and proteinuria, it is best to control it below 130/80mmHg.
In short, the management of hypertension is not a simple problem. You need to "know yourself and your enemy" in order to "be invincible in a hundred battles."
