As everyone's understanding of mental health increases, many people know a lot about depression . If I ask you a question: What is the most common mental illness in China? Many people will answer that it is depression. In fact, depression is not the most common mental illness. According to China's first nationwide epidemiological survey of adult mental disorders, anxiety disorders have the highest prevalence rate, with a lifetime prevalence rate of 7.57% and a December prevalence rate of 4.98%. The lifetime prevalence of depression is 6.8%, and the 12-month prevalence is 3.6%. Therefore, depression ranks second behind anxiety disorders. Let me briefly introduce anxiety disorders.
1. What is an anxiety disorder (anxiety disorder)?
Anxiety disorder, commonly known as anxiety disorder, is a relatively common mental disorder . It is mainly characterized by the experience of anxious emotions. It is a type of disease characterized by excessive fear and tension, accompanied by related behavioral disorders.
The difference between the anxiety of anxiety disorder and normal anxiety is the generalization of anxiety. The intensity of anxiety has no basis in reality or is obviously disproportionate to the threat of reality, leading to mental pain and reduced self-efficacy. It is non-adaptive, has relatively long-lasting performance, and does not disappear with the solution of objective problems. It is often related to personality characteristics.
2. What are the clinical manifestations of anxiety disorders?
(1) Physiological aspects: The body's sympathetic nervous system response is enhanced, resulting in palpitations, sweating, dry mouth, muscle tremors, etc. There may be internal organ dysfunction and multi-system physical symptoms, such as chest tightness, suffocation, stomach pain , diarrhea, pain, general discomfort, insomnia, etc.
(2) Psychological aspect: over-evaluation and defensive reaction to danger, persistent mental tension, uneasiness, painful emotions, inattention, and decreased thinking efficiency.
(3) In terms of behavior; there is an increase in purposeless actions, a decrease in behavioral efficiency, motor restlessness, and difficulty in achieving realistic goals.
There is no proven organic disease for anxiety disorders, and the course of the disease will mostly last. The patient has a certain degree of insight into the disease, feels obvious pain from the disease, and has a request for treatment. The patient's social functions are relatively intact, and his behavior generally remains within the limits allowed by social norms.
3. How to accurately treat anxiety disorders?
The occurrence and development of anxiety disorders are the result of a combination of biological, psychological and social factors. Therefore, prevention and treatment must adopt comprehensive treatment principles of biology, psychology and society.
Most anxiety disorders have a chronic episodic course. The goal of treatment is not just to control acute symptoms, but also to consolidate and maintain treatment, that is, full treatment, to prevent and reduce recurrence. Medication should be used if anxiety symptoms cause significant impairment in learning, social interaction, leisure, work, and family functioning.
First of all, drug treatment is to take medication under the guidance of a psychological psychiatrist. Commonly used drugs include agomelatine , citalopram , sertraline, fluoxetine , vortioxetine, tandospirone and other drugs. Adjuvant treatment drugs include oxazepam, alprazolam and other sleeping pills, and Wuling Capsule , soothing liver and relieving depression and other Chinese patent medicines.
Secondly, systematic psychotherapy is carried out. I would like to remind you that psychotherapy and drug treatment require a relatively long process.
Scientific research shows that the best treatment option for anxiety disorders is a combination of medication and psychotherapy.
How is your mood? Do you have any anxiety or depression? Is it serious? You can get a preliminary understanding through the following two scales.
