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. In the psychiatric field, depression is called a mental disorder. Although the specific cause is unknown, most psychiatrists believe that it is mainly related to biological factors, such as genetic factors, neurotransmitters, hippocampal abnormalities, etc. The clinical intervention methods are also mainly biological, such as psychiatric drug treatment, regulating neurotransmitters in the patient's brain, etc., or physical treatments such as improved electrical shock therapy (MECT).
So, behind these two different expressions is actually looking at this issue from different perspectives.
and the above two statements and the understanding of people in different fields actually make some sense. However, we have spanned three disciplines in clinical practice: psychiatry, psychology, and education, and have a deeper understanding of the difference between psychological disorders and mental disorders.
And we think that both are transformable, which is one of the reasons why we often say "mental and psychological disorder".
02, Psychological disorders and mental disorders can be transformed into each other
First of all, we believe that psychological disorders focus more on cognitive, emotional, emotional, and will problems caused by psychosocial factors.
For example, in the training of psychological counseling/psychotherapist, the concept of "psychological problems" will be mentioned, which means that an individual encounters some things in life, resulting in inner conflicts and experiences negative emotions. In severe cases, he will experience painful emotions and have a significant impact on life.
"Psychological Disorder" has certain similarities with this "psychological problem". Both are caused by realistic factors and events experienced in life. However, "psychological problems" generally only have a certain impact on normal life, and have not seriously damaged social functions, and have not reached the point where they can be diagnosed as "disorder", let alone "diseases" (organic lesions in a biological sense). Psychological disorders seriously damage social functions, and some even reach the level of "disease".
Therefore, psychological problems and psychological disorders can be solved through psychological means. For example, if there are psychological problems in healthy people, you can find a psychological counselor; and patients who have been diagnosed with "disorders", such as depression, but have not reached severe symptoms, can also recover through professional psychological treatment and psychological intervention.
In reality, some patients with mild to moderate depression do not take medicine or receive physical therapy, but rely on long-term psychological counseling/psychological treatment, coupled with the support and encouragement of their family, to adjust themselves to rehabilitation, or to rehabilitate through exercise, finding positive beliefs, etc.
But indeed, there are still many patients with depressed who are not serious. Even if they find professional psychological treatment, the effect is not good.
One of the reasons is that the mainstream psychotherapy schools and technologies are still at the level of human explicit memory and are relatively inefficient in the treatment of emotional symptoms. For example, in clinical psychological intervention, we found that the main cause of depression is actually psychosocial factors, which are caused by patients suffering from superimposed psychological trauma and constantly self-denial.
However, there are many small traumatic events that occur in children and adolescents. Patients can no longer remember them at the apparent memory level. The mainstream psychotherapy schools and technologies cannot help patients remember them. They can only analyze and treat them at the apparent memory level (which can be simply understood as remembered events). This is naturally not accurate and in-depth enough, and the effect is naturally not stable enough.
This is the limitation of mainstream psychotherapy schools and technologies, not that psychological means cannot solve the problem.
Through pathological memory repair under deep hypnosis, we can penetrate into the implicit memory level of people and accurately find pathological memories behind the patient's symptoms, such as psychological trauma, which we cannot realize or forget, which is deeper in the psychological level, which will help patients to recover efficiently.
With the above deep understanding of psychological disorders and breakthrough discoveries on psychological root causes, we will conduct in-depth cognitive and psychological intervention on patients in clinical psychological intervention, combined with in-depth family therapy.
This helps repair pathological memory brought by environments such as native families, especially superposition psychological trauma, guides patients to establish a correct comprehensive attribution model, and helps them recover their learning ability or work ability as soon as possible.
As long as the patient and parents actively cooperate, the patient's condition will improve significantly and it is expected to achieve rapid recovery.
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So, when we say that psychological means can solve psychological disorders, first of all, in terms of psychological theory, it mainly refers to scientific psychology theory. Especially in the " cognitive neuropsychology ", which has developed rapidly since the 21st century, the very important "pathological memory" and "memory reconsolidation" theories; and efficient psychological intervention techniques must conform to these theories.
And mental disorders refer to the fact that behind the problem is both psychosocial and obvious biological factors. If you want to achieve rapid recovery, you need to intervene in clinical medical means, such as psychiatric drugs, physical therapy, etc.
From this perspective, mental disorders are indeed more serious than psychological disorders. It can even be said that if you don’t take medicine or do not undergo physical therapy, it will be difficult to cure the mental disorders and it will be even more difficult to cure quickly. Even if you meet the standard of clinical cure in , it is difficult.
is relatively abstract, and give some examples below, so it will be easy for everyone to understand.
For example, mild to moderate depression, we can understand it as a psychological disorder. When depression becomes more and more serious, patients develop psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions, or have severe and frequent suicide behaviors, or are in a state of wood stagnation or submu stagnation, this belongs to the category of mental disorders.
At this time, psychological means are difficult to work, even our efficient and precise clinical psychological technology is difficult, because patients lose their self-awareness, or have no motivation to treat them at all, and it is impossible to cooperate with psychological intervention.
Only through the intervention of psychiatric drugs, even improved electroconvulsion treatment (MECT) and other medical means, the above symptoms are significantly relieved and even disappear, and the patient has recovered his or her self-awareness or has a desire to recover. Only then can he "return" to the category of psychological disorders and further recover through systematic psychological intervention.
For example, in clinical psychological intervention, we found that there are many delusions and hallucinations, especially the most common delusions of being victimized, hearing comments or belittled oneself. Behind this is often superimposed psychological trauma, and more are hidden in the implicit memory level.
With the help of clinical psychological intervention technology, after repairing the main psychological trauma, the patient's psychotic symptoms will be further controlled, and then the drug will be gradually withdrawn, which will make these symptoms less likely to appear again.
This is what we said above. In fact, psychological disorders and mental disorders are related, and they can be transformed into each other. Therefore, we often use the word "mental and psychological disorder", which is more comprehensive and in-depth than psychological disorders or mental disorders.
In addition to the examples mentioned above, anxiety disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder may also appear when the condition is severe; or some obsessive-compulsive disorder patients lack self-awareness and do not feel that their obsessive-compulsive symptoms are unnecessary in reality, which is also the category of mental disorders.
In addition, the "6 severe mental diseases" in psychiatric departments include schizophrenia , bipolar disorder , paranoid mental disorder , schizoe affective mental disorder, mental disorder caused by epilepsy, and mental disorders accompanied by severe mental developmental retardation. We believe that this must belong to the category of "mental disorder".
Of course, we said at the beginning of the article that there is no unified statement in the industry about the difference between psychological disorders and mental disorders. The above is just our insights combined with clinical psychological intervention experience, which is a storm.
03. Only by paying attention to the root cause can you recover faster
. As mentioned above, some readers may ask, Doctor He, the difference and connection between psychological disorders and mental disorders. This seems to be the discussion and classification within your practitioners. What is the significance of it to the public?
is actually of great significance. I hope the public can realize through the above analysis that serious depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and even many bipolar disorders and schizophrenia are often developed from psychological disorders. We must pay attention to the psychosocial factors behind this, and this is the root cause.
There are two particularly obvious trends in the development of psychiatry at home and abroad. One is that as long as it involves "sex" and "gender", it will gradually move towards de-illness, such as homosexuality, gender irritability, heterosexuality, etc. The "LGBTQ+" movement abroad is becoming more and more intense, and many incredible and ridiculous things have occurred.
For example, this month I read a news report that Boston Children's Hospital, the top children's hospital in the United States, released a video. A psychologist at the hospital said that some children knew that they were transgender in the uterus. This is very ridiculous!
And another trend is the gradual expansion of the diagnosis of some mental disorders, such as bipolar disorder. As long as the patient has had a depression attack, has once lost his temper, smashed things, and hit people, doctors can easily diagnose bipolar disorder, which will become a "severe mental illness", which is the problem of "pan-bipolarization".
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In our opinion, this situation is actually a state of agitatedness, which is the reason why psychological trauma is activated by a large number of psychological trauma. A more suitable diagnosis is "depression with agitatedness". Of course, this is still controversial in clinical practice.
In fact, in addition to studying the causes, symptoms, treatment and prevention of mental disorders, real psychiatry should also study the role and impact of psychosocial factors on individual mental and physical health.
But until now, there has been very little understanding and research on the psychosocial factors behind mental disorders in the psycho-social circles at home and abroad. A large number of clinical and scientific research resources are still tilted towards biological factors, and we are constantly hoping to find lesions and exact genetic factors of mental and psychological disorders in central nervous system , but we have never found satisfactory results.
This is actually still the old "psychiatric" model. Like the latest psychiatric masterpiece published in 2018 in China, "Shenyu Estate Psychiatry" (6th edition), it still calls this subject "psychiatry". This term is actually very likely to mislead the public and aggravate the stigma of patients with mental disorders and their families.
also has "perverted psychology" and "perverted personality" closely related to mental disorders. There is also this problem. It only takes into account the name from a professional perspective, but does not take into account the meaning of the word "pervert" in the domestic context, which brings psychological pressure and stigma to the relevant groups.
There are many patients and parents who are unwilling to take psychiatric drugs easily, especially those whose condition is not very serious. They hope to solve the problem through psychological means.
If the difference and connection between psychological disorders and mental disorders can be more clarified, and the psychosocial factors behind psychological disorders and mental disorders can be paid more attention to clinical, scientific research and social resources, so that clinical, scientific and social resources can be tilted more towards psychosocial factors, many patients who are still at the level of psychological disorders can recover through psychological means, and the sense of shame will be greatly reduced.
From another perspective, this can also promote more in-depth research in the psychological circles at home and abroad and explore more efficient and scientific psychological intervention technologies.
Among domestic psychological counseling/psychotherapy practitioners, there are still a large number of psychoanalytical teachers. Even if these people are learning the latest psychodynamic theories and techniques of the school of psychodynamics, they also hope that they will realize that this school has long been eliminated in its birthplace, Western countries.
Practitioners in the field of mental psychology should strengthen the study and application of third-generation cognitive behavioral therapy, such as "mindfulness therapy" or " dialectical behavioral therapy ", as well as professional and in-depth learning and research and application of family therapy .
Recently, many people discussed the recent conference reports from their respective industry perspectives. Some netizens who are engaged in the psychology industry interpreted it. Compared with , the of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the latest conference report did not mention the content of "strengthening the construction of social psychological service system". The reason may be that in the past few years, the domestic psychology community has not actively met the people's psychological demands.
Of course, this interpretation may not be correct, but in any case, overall, our domestic psychology development is indeed relatively backward, which is worthy of reflection by psychological practitioners.
The word psychiatry comes from Western countries and is "psychiatry" in English; while the English word for psychology is "psychology", and the first five letters of the two are exactly the same. The root of the word "psycho" actually means "soul, spirit, and psychology".
That is to say, psychological disorders and mental disorders are actually of the same origin. But to the present day, psychiatry seems to be getting further and further away from the human soul and psychology.
hopes that mental and mental health practitioners can adjust their direction in a timely manner, study the psychological roots behind mental and psychological disorders more in-depth, and explore more scientific and efficient psychological means to meet the public's needs for quickly solving psychological disorders and achieving mental health.
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