At the State Council Executive Meeting that had just ended, it was mentioned that the approval of the nuclear power project in Zhangzhou, Fujian and Lianjiang, Guangdong was required to ensure absolute safety.
This is definitely an important change in the nuclear power industry. As new and old energy alternates, nuclear power will usher in a major opportunity.
This article contains the following contents:
(1) Science of nuclear power knowledge;
(2) History of China's nuclear power development;
(3) Major opportunities for nuclear power restart;
1: Science of nuclear power knowledge
nuclear reaction has four ways: nuclear fission , nuclear fusion , particle bombardment and nuclear decay, among which the nuclear fission chain reaction is the principle of nuclear energy power generation, and the nuclear fission chain reaction is the energy source of nuclear energy power generation .
The essence of nuclear energy generation is the energy conversion of nuclear energy-thermal energy-mechanical energy-electric energy. In order to achieve this transformation, the nuclear power plant consists of two parts: , Nuclear Island, and Conventional Island.
nuclear island part includes a reactor device and a one-loop system, and its main function is to carry out nuclear fission reactions and generate steam. Water revolves in the system, forming a closed cycle process of heat absorption and heat exothermic. This cycle loop is called a first-loop system.
conventional island part includes steam turbine generator system and a second loop system, and its main function is to use steam to drive the steam turbine group to generate electricity. The steam (exhaust steam) after the completion of the work is discharged into the condenser , and is cooled by the circulating cooling water (such as sea water), condensed into water, and then is sent to the heater by the condensation water pump for preheating, and then the feed water pump inputs it into the steam generator , thus completing the closed cycle of the steam turbine working fluid. This circuit is called the second circuit.
2: History of nuclear power development
Since the 1950s, nuclear power has gone through more than half a century of history. In chronological order, it can be roughly divided into five stages: experimental demonstration, high-speed promotion, slow development, gradual recovery, and cautious development.
(1) experimental demonstration stage:
This stage was the beginning of the Soviet Union's construction of Obinsk experimental nuclear power unit in 1954. Subsequently, Western countries such as the United States, Britain, France, and Canada successively built different types of nuclear power units . Generally within 300,000 kilowatts, the power generation cost is relatively high.
(2) high-speed promotion stage
In the 1960s, with the United States' large-scale export of light water reactor equipment and technology to Western Europe and Asia, the nuclear power industrial system of France, Japan and other countries was established.
By the end of 1980, the total installed capacity of nuclear power units worldwide reached 133GWe. From 1966 to 1980, the annual growth rate of nuclear power installed capacity reached 26%. This stage uses a relatively mature commercial reactor, and most of the nuclear power units operating around the world use second-generation technology or their improved models.
(3) Slow development stage
After the 1980s, the economic development of major Western countries entered a stable period, and the demand for electricity in the whole society dropped significantly. At the same time, due to the 1979 Sanli Island nuclear accident in the United States and the Chernobyl accident in the former Soviet Union in 1986, nuclear power construction entered a slow development stage.
(4) gradual recovery stage
Entering the 21st century, people are paying more and more attention to environmental crises such as greenhouse gas emissions. The advantages of nuclear power as a clean energy have reappeared, nuclear power is re-appreciated by many countries in the world, and countries around the world have formulated active nuclear power development plans.
(5)Precautionary development stage
2011 The Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan caused a huge impact on the newly recovered world nuclear power. The distrust of nuclear power safety affected and influenced public opinion, and even affected the decisions of governments in some countries. China's nuclear power started late and went through four stages. currently has 54 units in China and 21 units under construction.As of July 2022, there were 54 nuclear power units in operation in my country, with an installed capacity of about 52,150 megawatts, and a total of 21 nuclear power units under construction, with a total installed capacity of about 23,511 megawatts. Among them, 10 of the 21 units under construction use Hualong One. Currently, nuclear power units under operation and under construction in China are located in coastal areas. 3: A major opportunity for nuclear power restart; "China's Annual Development and Outlook on Nuclear Energy (2020)" mentioned that by 2025, my country's nuclear power installed capacity will reach 70 million kilowatts and the nuclear power installed capacity under construction will reach about 30 million kilowatts. Assuming the new nuclear power installed capacity will be the same every year, the annual installed capacity will be 7338 megawatts. Hualong No. 1 is the integration and innovation of ACP1000 and ACPR1000+ technology. 4 units have been built around the world. On November 27, 2020, the world's first reactor of Hualong No. 1, China National Nuclear Corporation's Fuqing Nuclear Power Unit, was successfully connected to the grid for the first time and was put into commercial operation on January 30, 2021. On May 20, 2021, the first overseas project of "Hualong No. 1" - Unit 2, Karachi, Pakistan, was officially put into commercial operation. On January 1, 2022, the No. 6 unit of Fuqing Nuclear Power of China National Nuclear Corporation was successfully connected to the grid for the first time. On April 18, 2022, Unit 3, Karachi, Pakistan, passed temporary acceptance. At this point, the first overseas project of Hualong No. 1 has been fully completed and put into production. Major opportunities in the nuclear power industry chain Nuclear fuel cycle is the material and technical basis for the development of nuclear energy. Nuclear fuel cycle refers to the entire process of obtaining, using, processing, and recycling of nuclear fuel. Uranium enrichment is the key to nuclear fuel production. Because this technology has high barriers, only , CNN 6, currently masters this technology. Nuclear power equipment includes nuclear islands, conventional islands and auxiliary equipment. Nuclear island is the core of the entire nuclear power plant. It is responsible for converting nuclear energy into thermal energy. It is the most complex process and most expensive part of all the equipment of nuclear power plant, with investment costs accounting for 51%. Far East Co., Ltd. and Shangwei Co., Ltd.: Nuclear power cable supplier Restart of nuclear power is of great significance. It is expected that the short-term market attention will focus on the nuclear power concept stock again. In the current market atmosphere, avoid blindly chasing the rise and make more judgments from the perspective of the industrial chain.
nuclear power penetration rate still has room for improvement. The proportion of nuclear power generation in my country has increased from 2.1% in 2013 to 5.0% in 2021. Although it is showing a year-on-year increase, its proportion is still lower than the proportion of thermal power, hydropower and wind power, and is significantly lower than the level of many developed and developing countries. The penetration rate of the nuclear power industry is expected to further increase.
nuclear power industry chain is mainly monopoly of state-owned enterprises, and private enterprises have performed well in some sub-sectors.
Upstream: Nuclear fuel cycle
China National Nuclear Corporation is the dominant player in the field of nuclear fuel cycle. China National Nuclear Corporation is the only agency authorized by the state to conduct nuclear fuel monopoly. It is managed and operated by the company on behalf of the company and is responsible for nuclear fuel processing and manufacturing.
Middle Tour: Equipment Manufacturing
The supply of nuclear island equipment is mainly based on the four major state-owned enterprises, and the four major state-owned enterprises are monopolized by Shanghai Electric , Oriental Electric , China First Heavy and Harbin Electric Group . Shanghai Electric, Oriental Electric and China First Heavy Industry Corporation are listed companies. Harbin Electric Group and Jiadian Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Harbin Electric Group, are listed companies, and their businesses involve control rod drive mechanism, motor, and main helium fan respectively.
Sichuan Huadu: Leading in the field of control rods,
company has the comprehensive ability to produce six million kilowatt-level pressurized water reactor annually, and is one of the companies with the largest types of control rod drive mechanisms in China.
Jiangsu Shentong and Zhongnuclear Technology : Nuclear-level valve supplier
Zhongnuclear Technology nuclear power industry gross profit margin is significantly lower than Jiangsu Shentong mainly because is different in product . Jiangsu Shentong's nuclear power valves are not only richer in types, but also nuclear-level flanges, forgings and other nuclear power equipment products.
Senyuan Electrical : Nuclear power switch equipment supplier
Company has developed Xiapu Nuclear Power Station Demonstration Fast Reactor 1E Level Switch Cabinet , achieving a comprehensive understanding of the fourth generation of nuclear power switch equipment technology, and the rated current range is increased from 1600A to 4000A, opening up a broad market space for the company's nuclear power products.
Its subordinate Anhui Cable Co., Ltd. is the first choice brand in the nuclear power cable market, with the results of the 3rd generation nuclear power K1 cable research and development, and has helped Hualong No. 1 for many years, serving Tianwan/Xudabao nuclear power project, Zhangzhou nuclear power plant project construction, etc.
downstream: Nuclear power plant operation management
nuclear power plant operation management presents a oligopoly monopoly pattern, and currently my country's nuclear power operation field has already China General Nuclear Power, China Nuclear Power, National Electricity and Huaneng Group 4 companies have obtained qualifications. As of the first half of 2022, the assembly capacity of nuclear power in-operated engines of CNN, CNN Group, State Power Investment Corporation and Huaneng Group accounted for 53%, 41%, 4%, and 0.4% respectively; the assembly capacity of under-construction engines accounted for 30%, 42%, 17%, and 11% respectively.
and above views are for reference only.
