The hot strong man (29)
The main writer: Xianle student Zhu Hui
In the sixth year of Yuanfeng in Han Dynasty (105 BC), the reign of nine years, Wu Wei Shanyu died, and his son Wu Shilu succeeded to the throne. Because he was only 15 years old, he was called " Er Shanyu ". After Er Shanyu ascended the throne, he moved the Shanyu Ting west to the Altai Mountains north of Yunzhong to the north of Jiuquan and Dunhuang. In this way, the Huns could cross the Altai Pass nearby and enter the Junggar Basin, and pass through the Wusun service to the Western Regions and countries. This indicates that the Hun Empire also turned its strategic focus to the Western Regions and competed against Emperor Wu of Han . With the continuous blood transfusion of the Western Regions trade route, the strength of the Hun Empire also rebounded, with a bit of a revival.
However, here Shanyu is young, not steady enough, moody, and unruly killing, which caused public resentment in the country. Therefore, the Zuo Daduwei of the Huns planned to replace it, so he sent someone to contact Han Dynasty and said, "I want to kill the Shanyu surrender to the Han Dynasty. When the Han Dynasty is far away, the soldiers will come to welcome me, and I will send you."
Liu Che wished that the Huns would be in chaos, so he spared no expense and sent Gongsun Ao to build a surrender city in the oasis at the junction of the Altai Mountains and the southern edge of the desert Gobi. He stationed here and prepared to accept the Zuo Daduwei.
Picture: The ruins of Sujiangcheng
But Zuo Daduwei still felt that Sujiangcheng was too far away from the Xiongnu Shanyu Court, so he was reluctant to take action. The matter of
has been delayed for more than a year. Liu Che was anxious and decided to push Zuo Daduwei. In the second year of Taichu of the Han Dynasty (103 BC), Emperor Wu took his fierce general Zhao Ponu as General Junji, and led 20,000 elite cavalry, more than 2,000 miles northwest of Shuofang, and went to Junji Mountain near Shanyuting in the north of Mobei (located in the middle of the Altai Mountains) to support Zuo Daduwei's coup.
But unfortunately, Zuo Daduwei was not in a close position and the matter was revealed. Er Shanyu took the initiative to kill him, and then led Zuo Xianwang troops to chase and kill Zhao Ponu. Zhao Ponu remained calm in the face of danger, fought and retreated, beheading and capturing 4,000 heads and captured. In the end, because he was outnumbered, he was surrounded by 80,000 Xiongnu troops 400 miles away from the Sujiang City. At the right time, the Han army was short of water, and the commander Zhao Ponu actually took risks and led his personal soldiers to go out of the camp at night to find water, but was accidentally captured by the Xiongnu scout.
Er Shanyu was overjoyed when he heard the letter, so he ordered a large army to attack the Han army. The Han army had no leader and was in chaos immediately. The soldiers were afraid that they would be punished for defeat after returning to the country, but no one was willing to break through. As a result, the 20,000 troops died or surrendered, and the entire army was wiped out. Among the surrenders, there was a Hun King (Note 2), and another named Yu Chang. Later, a huge wave caused between the Han and the Huns. I would like to keep a secret here, and I won’t mention it.
Then, the Huns army went south to attack the surrendered city with the power of victory. Gongsun Ao led his soldiers to defend the battle and resisted tenaciously, and finally protected Jincheng. Er Shanyu then bypassed the city, invaded the Han border, and plundered it. He drove away. Unexpectedly, he suddenly died on the way back. His son was still in his infancy and could not bear to be the king. The Hun nobles then jointly recommended Er Shanyu's uncle and the right wise king, Wanlihu, to be the Great Shanyu. As we have said before, the custom of the Huns was to succeed the throne of Shanyu. However, after , Huo Qubing and focused on attacking the left division of the Huns, the power of the Zuns was greatly reduced. On the contrary, the power of the Right King increased greatly as the power of the Huns invaded the Western Regions. This time, the throne was successfully seized. It can be seen that the balance of the power of the Huns' tribes has been broken, and greater civil strife is already in the process of germination.
and Zhao Ponu's defeat not only made the relationship between the Han and the Huns tense again and ended peace, but also made Emperor Wu of Han realize that it was not enough to just use the traditional Great Wall to guard against the Huns, so he began to plan an unprecedented event and build the outer Great Wall.
In the third year of Taichu of the Han Dynasty (102 BC), Emperor Wu sent Guangluxun (Note 3) Xu Ziwei out of Wuyuanshu Great Wall (Baotou, Inner Mongolia) for hundreds of miles, and built a long and thousand-mile pavilion fortress line on the northern foot of Yinshan , and actually built the Great Wall into Mongolian Plateau , known in history as Guanglushu .We know that the Great Wall of Qin and Han Dynasties was generally built on the mountains and rivers, and the Great Wall was built directly on the grasslands and Gobi. This was unprecedented. However, Emperor Wu of Han was determined to do this without hesitation and insisted on doing this. He even sent a powerful crossbow, Duwei, , Bode (who had been taken away for his crimes at this time, and was demoted from the general to the Duwei) to station troops in Juyan, Hexi Corridor, , and built the Great Wall in Juyan, Hexi Corridor, , and the northeast was connected to Guanglusai, and built the Great Wall from the Western Line all the way to the Western Regions (Note 4). In this way, when the Hun robbers who had just walked out of the Gobi Desert, they would encounter strong resistance from the Han army when they were not given sufficient water and grass supplies. Even if they can break through this line of defense, the inner Great Wall defense line will have sufficient warning time (and the Huns who attacked the inner Great Wall will be snatched the back of the outer Great Wall).
In addition, Emperor Wu of Han also set up a permanent garrison in the Suichuan City to place the surrendered commander to accept the surrendered Xiongnu and to meet the expeditionary troops who went out of the frontier thereafter. In 2009, Mongolian and Russian scholars jointly excavated the city and unearthed many military relics from the Western Han Dynasty, including bronzes, ceramics, cast iron, crossbow machines, bronze beads, bow caps, Wuzhu coins, etc. The largest nearby mound was determined to be the tomb of the Han Dynasty's surrendered commander and died in 71 BC.
The Huns also realized that Emperor Wu of Han was a ruthless move to trap beasts step by step, so they decided to run to destroy the Great Wall before it was completely repaired. In the autumn of that year, the Xiongnu Jinlihu Shanyu led his army to invade the south, and beat the prefects and magistrates of the prefects of Dingxiang and Yunzhong County, killed thousands of people, and then turned around and destroyed Guanglusai. Of course, they cannot stay here for a long time. When they return to , Mobei , the Han army will come back and continue to repair these frontier strongholds.
At the same time, the Xiongnu Youxian King also led his army to attack Hexi, destroying the Han garrison and killing thousands of people. Fortunately, the Han army's beacon system still played a role. Jun Zheng Ren Wen led the reinforcements in time to repel the Youxian King in one fell swoop, and recaptured the captured population and property. Minister Deng Guang and others then wrote a letter to advise, saying that it would be better to stop the troubles in the Western Regions and concentrate on dealing with the Huns.
But Emperor Wu of Han still wanted to continue the Tianma War in Dayuan . First, he could not afford to lose this person. Second, in terms of strategy, he must let Dayuan and the countries in the Western Regions truly feel the power of the Han army's big stick. Otherwise, the Han Dynasty's prestige among the Western Regions countries would be completely bankrupt, the Western Regions would completely fall into the hands of the Huns, and the Huns would become stronger. So he decided to fight on both sides, and the Huns and Dayuan fought together, and they must show the power of the Han Dynasty! Li Guangli So what if he lost last time? Victory and defeat are common in military affairs, and old birds also come out step by step from rookies! Deng Guang and other people said that they confuse the public and disrupted our morale, and they all put me in prison and punished me!
No one dares to speak anymore.
So, Emperor Wu launched the largest national mobilization since the Battle of Desert North.
was first recruited and sent to Yumen Pass to supplement Li Guangli with a large number of prisoners serving their sentences released from prison, some rogue children and evil teenagers, and a small number of regular soldiers of the border cavalry. The total number of people is more than 60,000, and there are more than 50 lieutenants in the military, but the number of 60,000 does not include the volunteer soldiers who come with their own equipment to join the army. If you add it, the number of Li Guangli's expeditionary army is probably 100,000.
This group of recruits, mostly composed of outlaws, may not have tactical qualities, but they are quite harmful. Liu Che may feel that instead of keeping them to cause trouble and harm to the people, it is better to let them harm the people of the Western Regions. If they die in battle, they will be martyrs, and they can be trained to become fierce soldiers even if they survive. Ha, what a wonderful idea!
, and the other 180,000 main border guards of the Han army were arranged to the area north of Jiuquan, , Zhangye , to prevent the Huns from taking advantage of the situation.
In order to learn from the lessons of the last conquest of food shortage, Emperor Wu of Han then conscripted 100,000 cattle, 30,000 horses, tens of thousands of camels, and even the milled donkeys were sent. These livestock continuously transported food, grass and military weapons from all over the empire to the northwest to support the Han army's expedition for thousands of miles. In addition, Emperor Wu of Han specially arranged two technicians who were proficient in horse racing as the commander of the horse to drive the horse, waiting to break through Dayuan and be responsible for selecting the horses and returning. It seems that Emperor Wu of Han is determined to win this time.
In addition, Emperor Wu also recruited seven types of exiled people (seven bans) from all over the country, including minor officials who violated the law, homeless men, son-in-laws, merchants (mobile vendors), original municipality (fixed vendors), those with their parents' generations and those with their grandparents' generations, all of them were taken to the front line to transport grain, grass and supplies. For a time, the world was in chaos, and every imperial subject was tied to the chariot of the war against Wan. Li Guangli bought the most powerful equipment to play online games. If he fails, it is not a question of whether he will fight, but whether he is a stupid pig.
For the glory and dignity of the empire, all subjects must sacrifice their own happiness to take into account the overall situation. This is the principle of Emperor Wu of Han as an emperor. Whoever violates this principle is a traitor, a traitor, a sinner of the empire.
Emperor Wu of Han did not send Li Ling to fight Dayuan, but asked him to lead the five school soldiers to follow Li Guangli's army, thinking that he would respond. However, the "Five Little Dragons" is responsible for the logistics of the army by searching the Su Duwei (the deputy of the Grand Secretary's farming and military farming).
Back then, whenever a large army was fighting, Li Guang was always arranged to play supporting roles; now, this fate seems to be repeated in Li Ling. There is no way, who told you not Emperor Wu’s brother-in-law? Summarizing the experience and lessons of the early Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu’s principle of employing people is: relatives of foreign countries have always been much more useful and safer than heroes.
I think Li Ling must be very unhappy at this time, but he still endured it, just like Li Guang also endured it as the first time he became a general. Tolerance is just one word, he only does it once, and when he can't bear it, he will do stupid things. It was indeed Li Guang's grandson, with the same temper.
So, Li Ling and his five-school Dan Yang elite soldiers watched a not-so-glorious victory in the frontier.
Li Guangli led a large army to enter the Western Regions. In addition to the cattle and horse carriage convoy, there was also the extremely discordant locust brigade in the air. "Records of the Grand Historian" is recorded here, which says: "The locusts rise in Guandong and go to Dunhuang in the west." In just eleven words, it seems plain, full of blood and tears of the people.
Seeing the huge momentum of Li Guangli's army and the terrifying locust brigade, the countries in the Western Regions were shocked and all changed their appearances to be good babies. They opened the city gates one after another, warmly welcomed the Han army to teach Dayuan a lesson, and sent envoys to reward their troops and apologize, and contributed food and grass to show surrender. However, the small country Luntai (now Yuguer land in the southeast of Luntai, Xinjiang) was closed down. Li Guangli was furious and led his army to attack Luntai. The soldiers and civilians of Luntai fought to the death, but they were unable to get out for the time being.
But this time the Han army was very good and had enough food, and they were determined to win. A few days later, Luntai was finally captured, and Li Guangli ordered the city to be massacred. Men, women, young and old, no one is left. From then on, the country of Luntai became genocide and no longer existed. It was not until the country was restored to Wulei after thirty years, but the population was only 1,200, which was not even as good as a small village.
Chinese people always praise foreign wars and slander civil wars. However, civil wars do not necessarily mean unjust, and foreign wars do not necessarily mean justice. After
, Li Guangli's army came to the city of Guishan, the capital of Dayuan (now Kasansai City, Uzbekistan), and sieged the city for more than 40 days, but failed to conquer it.
Li Guangli was anxious and sent engineer troops to cut off the water source in Guishan City. They could not be killed and they were thirsty. At this time, the people of the Western Regions had not yet learned to dig wells, so they were so anxious that they had no choice but to cut the head of their king, open the city to surrender, and give away all their sweat and blood, allowing them to choose from the Han people.Li Guangli asked the horse master to carefully select, and finally chose dozens of high-quality BMWs and more than 3,000 medium-quality BMWs. They matched the male-female ratio and sent them back to the Han camp. Li Guangli then supported the Han nobleman Meicai as the King of Wan. He was proud and stopped his troops and returned east. From then on, Dayuan paid tribute to the Han Dynasty every year, providing high-quality stallions for the Han army, and continued until the Cao Wei period. Moreover, the Central Plains court attached great importance to it and sent officials to the border areas to welcome them (Note 5).
At the same time, Shangguan Jie also led an army to defeat King Yu Cheng and returned home, which was considered as killing the Han envoy to avenge his previous shame.
Obviously, this war is not comparing strategic battles, but fighting for economic and material consumption. Whoever holds for a long time will be the winner. There is no technical difficulty, and there is even more talk about military art. It also slaps the Western Regions and is cruel and unkind. Even if it is victorious, there is no honor for soldiers.
What's more, this is just a miserable victory. According to " Han Shu ", when the Han army returned to Yumen Pass, more than 60,000 combatants plus 30,000 horses, and in the end, only more than 10,000 soldiers and more than 1,000 horses were left. A miserable victory, a miserable victory is like a defeat!
According to the "Book of Han", in this battle against Wan, there were sufficient food and grass, and not many soldiers died directly on the battlefield. The main reason for such large casualties was that the generals and officials abused the soldiers and killed at least 50,000 of them. It was a tragedy.
The death of a person is a tragedy, and the death of 50,000 people is a tragedy. The west wind of the ancient road and the ends of the world are stirring 50,000 wild ghosts and lonely souls; the flowing water of the small bridge and the heartbroken people's homes are 50,000 miserable crying; what's even more sad is that they are still killed by their own people.
When the Han army returned triumphantly with a tragic victory, Li Ling received an order from Emperor Wu of Han to lead his army to pick up General Ershi. This is because Liu Che received reliable information that the Huns were planning to attack the rear of the Han army. When Li Ling got the order, he immediately led 500 light cavalry to Yanshui (that is, the Peacock River east of Turban, Xinjiang, whose water was injected into Yanze ), and welcomed Li Guangli into the barrier. With the guidance of Li Ling, who was familiar with the terrain, the Han army was in danger.
After doing this, Li Ling was ordered to continue to guard Zhangye, while Li Guangli and Shangguan Jie were proudly returning to Chang'an received rewards
According to the military law of the Han Dynasty, Li Guangli lost more troops than beheads. It was already considered a mercy to not punish him. Why can he still be rewarded?
The reason for Emperor Wu of Han was very simple: Li Guangli led the Chinese army to cross Pamir for the first time, and attacked thousands of miles, greatly enhancing the prestige and international influence of the Han in the Western Regions, and brought back a large number of excellent horse breeds and treasures from foreign lands. The contribution was still very obvious, so he issued an edict: "General Ershi Guangli conquered his crimes and defeated Dayuan. The spirit of the world, from the rivers and mountains, traversed the quicksand, and spread to the West Sea, the snow did not accumulate in the mountains and mountains, the mountains and snow did not accumulate. The scholars and officials crossed the way, and captured the king's head and captured the treasures. The treasures of the strange things were collected in the palace. He was granted Guangli the title of Marquis of Haixi, with a fief of 8,000 households. "
Li Guang was confused and was desperate. Li Guangli fought repeatedly and lost his troops and lost his salary. It took him four years (the first year of Taichu to the third year of Taichu) to conquer Dayuan. He was so embarrassed that he had no trouble. Instead, he was promoted and made a fortune and rose to prominence (Note 6); these are all surnamed Li, why is the gap so big?
Please don’t ask our great Emperor Wu of Han, because - my great selfishness, that is, the great duke of the world, do you know?
Li Guangli's affairs also made Li Ling finally see through this world. There is no fairness in this world, nor is there any blessing in nature. Since you are not a relative of the emperor, you can only rely on yourself in everything.
Don’t say anything, in short, Li Guangli has been granted the title of marquis. The real general succeeded in 50,000 bones. Almost twenty people changed to a sweat-blooded BMW (Note 7).
A knight Zhao, who was responsible for escorting King Yu Cheng, killed King Yu Cheng by his own initiative, so he was named Xinzhang Hou.
The army chief Zhao Shi succeeded and worked very hard. He was appointed as the Guanglu Dafu, with a rank of 2,000 stones (in charge of consultant response, and was the deputy position of Guanglu Xun).Military commanders are in charge of military law. It is naturally within his jurisdiction to investigate whether the generals and officials abused their soldiers. One of the "Five Little Dragons" also emerged. Shangguan Jie was the commander of the capital of the Shui Su, and fought hard. He led his army to defeat and captured King Yu Cheng, promoted him to Shaofu, in charge of the finances of the palace royal family, and was ranked among the nine ministers, with a rank of 2,000 stones.
Captain Li Duo had a plan and was promoted to the prefect of Shangdang, with a rank of 2,000 stones.
There are many other rewards, so I won't list them. In short, this time, Liu Che promoted three nine ministers, more than a hundred 2,000 2,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 Even the evil teenagers with the lowest status were exempted from their crimes, and each person received an average reward of 40,000 yuan. This was a huge sum of money that could not be spent in half a lifetime in the era of Hanwu .
Let’s do some calculations. Each of the 10,000 living soldiers has a bonus of 400,000 yuan, totaling 400 million yuan.
also has more than 100 provincial and ministerial cadres, more than 1,000 department-level directors, and families who have become popular. Not to mention other bonuses, how much will the salary of this group of inexplicable senior officials cost? ?
is a boring reward, a harmonious carnival feast, and a praise of praise. At this point, Emperor Wu of Han finally used his strong bet to create a new military merit group that had almost nothing to do with the Weihuo Group before, which gave him more choices to his position as the heir except Prince Liu Ju .
, however, "Every year, the war bones are buried outside the desert, and grapes are seen entering the Han family." The living people are promoted to rank and dance to peace; the dead people have their bodies left by the pillow and abandoned yellow sand.
Under the scorching sun of the prosperous times, there are piles of white bones. Amid the cheers of history, there were ghosts and howlings of wolves mixed with ghosts. The epic songs of heroes are filled with the painful and sad chants of separation from all living beings and death.
Indifferent people's hearts, cruel world, money-burning emperor, changing wars, harmonious rewards, and the crying of orphans and widows. How could this era be like this? Li Ling couldn't understand all this at all. The world he was used to was collapsing, his future was extremely confused, he felt that despicable people were constantly succeeding, and they liked how others were unhappy and had no choice. So Li Ling's sigh could only be heard in the triumphant songs on all sides.
This poor guy is too naive after all. He never understood that in such an era, no one can use his youth to fight against the irresistible fall of the world. Fragile and innocent, unwilling tolerate or forgive, is just a dead end.
Note 1: Located in the ancient city of Bayin Prague, Naumogang County, South Gobi Province, Mongolia. "Bayin" means rich, and "Prague" means mountain spring. It can be seen that this place is an oasis in the Gobi, which is enough to support the stationing of a large group of people. The Youxian King Wang Court, which was attacked by Gaoque by 700 miles was in this area.
Note 2: King Xiang is the son of King Hunxie's sister. He surrendered to Huo Qubing with King Hunxie and became a general of the Han Dynasty's vassal state.
Note 3: That is, the name change of the doctor's name. Xuntong means the meaning of the palace gate; "Guanglu" means "Dalu", which means the mountain gate; therefore, Guangluxun means the emperor's gatekeeper's general manager. In other words, all security, protection and communication in the forbidden area are under his control.
Note 4: The purpose of these city blockages is not only to promote the defense line, but also to protect the Hexi region and to separate the connection between the Huns and the Western Regions and the Qiang people. At this point, the Han Dynasty Great Wall has been built from Xinjiang Luntai and Outer Mongolia Desert to Liaodong and North Korea, extending 20,000 miles, not only far exceeding Qin Shihuang , but also the highest Great Wall in China in history.
Note 5: See the Han Shop of Dunhuang Xuanquan: "In November of the first year of Yuanping (74 BC), the □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi □Shi"An Western Jin Zhang Hua's " Museum History ": " Dayuan Kingdom has sweat and blood horses, Tianma breeds, and there are devotees in the Western Regions of the Han and Wei dynasties. ”
Note: 6: According to "Records of the Grand Historian: Family of Relatives of the Foreign Relatives", "Mrs. Li died early, and his brothers were all traitors, and they were clans. At that time, his elder brother Guangli was the general of Ershi. He attacked Dayuan but was not as good as he was executed. He returned. After the superiors were ungrateful to the Li family, he later sympathized with his family and was named Marquis of Haixi. "It is said that at that time, Mrs. Li's brothers were all killed by the clan for injuring the palace. Only Li Guangli was not implicated because he was far away to attack Dayuan. Emperor Wu of Han felt pity for his last brother-in-law, so he gave him more rewards. In fact, Emperor Wu left only one uncle of the Meritor Marquis to his son Liu Feng, perhaps the ending he had already set.
Note 7: Emperor Wu of Han did not have these 50,000 lives in his eyes, and only sweat and blood BMWs in his eyes. He even happily wrote a song " Tianma Song ": "The horses come from the West, and go through thousands of miles and return with virtue. He inherits the power of the spirit and descends to foreign countries, and walks through the quicksand and the four barbarians are subdued. ”
