Foreword: On Christmas Eve in 2010, a long-known photo of a Chinese stealth fighter suddenly appeared on the Internet. The Taiwanese military intelligence official claimed that the photo was fake. Many foreign experts and military fans had a heated discussion. When it came time to talk about it, well-known international media in Europe and America made timely reports. From the earliest blurred photo of a parked in the woods that was circulated on the Internet, it became clearer one after another. Photos from different angles began to circulate, and people gradually saw the plane. The appearance of the Chinese stealth fighter that shocked the world, this fighter completely ended the era of imitation of China's fighter industry and became an important pole of the world's fighters.
: The half-hearted military experts ridiculed the Chinese -20 fighter
On December 20, 2010, the Chinese stealth fighter plane taxied at high speed on the runway of the Chengdu Aircraft Company in Sichuan, at 12 noon on January 11, 2011 At 50:00, the first test aircraft of the J-20 took off in the company of the J-10 fighter trainer. After flying for three turns, it landed at 13:11. The basic configuration of the J-20 fighter is equipped with a pair of canards behind the cockpit. The wing is triangular, without horizontal tail, and is equipped with a pair of V-shaped full-motion vertical tails. The design of the side strips has unprecedented lateral maneuverability, low-speed maneuverability, low-altitude maneuverability, yaw performance and rolling performance should be better than the American F22A fighter and the Russian T.50 fighter, the J-20 is an extremely Excellent supersonic cruise and aircraft design with supersonic and transonic maneuverability, at that time, the western aviation earthquake that immediately triggered, foreign experts gave the J-20 fighter a very high evaluation after observing from various angles, and even thought that the J-20 fighter jet was very high. The -20 is the latest challenge to American air supremacy since the MiG-15 and Su-27.
However, some half-hearted experts who still think three hundred years ago disagree. They believe that the high mobility design of the J-20 is because the stealth material technology cannot achieve some kind of compensation for the F22 fighter. The vertical tail is moved because China has no compensation for engine vector technology, superfluous pelvic fins, sacrificed stealth front wings, and the lengthened fuselage proves that the J-20 is not a fighter but a long-range ground attack aircraft. The funniest also thinks that the J-20 20 undoubtedly copied the design drawing of the Mikoyan Design Bureau 1.44 verification aircraft, because the design concept of the Mikoyan Design Bureau 1.44 was to become a multi-purpose fighter-bomber, so a longer fuselage was designed, and the 1.44 verification aircraft must achieve stealth. In order to achieve stealth penetration and high mobility, the front wing is designed for this purpose. The shape of the front wing of the J-20 fighter close-coupled is similar to the 1.44 verification machine, and even part of the stealth is sacrificed. The large-sized front wing is suitable for land-based radar. It is a good bait. The slender fuselage has to install pelvic fins for heading stability. The pelvic fins mean that there is a disadvantage of weak heading control ability. The J-20 fighter also reflects this design concept,
1.44 verification The aircraft is quite similar to the J-20 fighter in many aspects of aerodynamic shape. The large side strip design of the fuselage is integrated into the front wing, which makes the J-20 fighter more like the 1.44 verification aircraft. The huge front wings and pelvic fins of the 1.44 verification aircraft make the 1.44 verification aircraft more similar. The stealth performance of the machine is quite poor, resulting in constant criticism. The huge fuselage makes the 1.44 verification machine not very maneuverable. The complex fuselage adds a large front wing and other factors, so that the load capacity is less than 7 tons, and the ground attack capability cannot meet the air force requirements, which has become the fundamental reason for the Russian Air Force to completely abandon the 1.44.Therefore, the problems faced by the J-20 will be similar to those of the 1.44 verification machine, but the Mikoyan Design Bureau said that the technology of the 1.44 verification machine has never been handed over to China. The picture can be copied successfully. Anyway, the 1.44 verification plane was eventually abandoned by the Russian Air Force, and the J-20 fighter jet will also have the same fate, because the J-20 fighter jet is not like the American Airlines, which competes under completely fair conditions. Provide specific test flight data and let the U.S. Air Force choose. The J-20 fighter jet is all on paper, and the prospect picture drawn by the design bureau is quite good. The Chinese Air Force hurriedly selected the J-20 fighter jet without any prototype test flight, and it was even called the double-engine major change of the J-10 fighter jet. It is true that many technologies of the J-20 fighter are ready-made, and many parts should be common to the J-10 fighter. This is the main reason why the production is so fast. , It is impossible to achieve supersonic cruise unless the empty weight is controlled at 15 tons, which the United States cannot do. The 18.92-meter-long F22 uses 24% of the composite material and weighs 14.36 tons. The J-20 fighter seems to exceed 21 meters, which is more than the F22A fighter. It is naturally impossible to achieve an empty weight of 15 tons, so the J-20 is only a fourth-generation aircraft with Chinese characteristics, which cannot meet the fourth-generation standard of European and American standards. The fourth-generation engine with a thrust-to-weight ratio of 10 needs to increase the thrust In order to reduce weight, it also needs to be able to withstand greater heat. The combustion chamber temperature of 1800 degrees requires better high-temperature alloys, MMC metal composite materials, ceramic matrix composite materials, and carbon-carbon composite materials. The latter two technologies are quite difficult.
It will take at least 10-15 years for China to use a domestic engine with a thrust of 15,000 kg afterburner, and the supersonic cruise capability will not be achieved until the engine with a large thrust is completed. The front temperature has reached 1800 degrees, the thrust is close to the 15500kg of the F110-GE-134, and the thrust-to-weight ratio 18000kg high-thrust turbofan-15 is already under development. After using the WS-15 three-dimensional vector jet engine, the J-20 can easily Supersonic cruise and sensitive high maneuverability flight.
2: Compare the original data of the U.S. F-22 fighter jet to see if the J-20 fighter jet can work. In just seven years, one might see an amazing achievement in technology development by China, the F-22 fighter jet was tested with the intention of the US Air Force to use this aircraft to gain air superiority anywhere in the world within a few hours , The most impressive thing in the first flight is the climb speed of the aircraft. Even if the landing gear is not retracted, it is difficult for the two accompanying F-16 fighters to catch up with the F-22 fighter. The two F-119 engines produced a huge thrust that allowed the No. 01 Raptor to reach an altitude of 4,600 meters in less than 3 minutes, and without the use of the engine's afterburner, the aircraft's maximum angle of attack reached 25°. The sweep angle of the leading edge of the 22 is 42 degrees, and the sweep angle of the leading edge of the
J-20 fighter is larger than that of the F22 fighter, which means that the wing area of the J-20 fighter is smaller than that of the YF23 and F22 fighters. The purpose of this design is mainly to To increase the cruising speed, according to the similar shape and aerodynamic distribution, it is not a problem to reach an angle of attack of 60 degrees.The DSI intake port can make the intake air flow get the best distribution selection, so as to optimize the airflow distribution of supersonic cruise, and the structure is greatly simplified, which is helpful for stealth, while the intake port of the F-2 fighter 2 is a fixed shape S Shaped supersonic air intake, the lip is not conducive to improving stealth performance.
Foreword: On Christmas Eve in 2010, a long-known photo of a Chinese stealth fighter suddenly appeared on the Internet. The Taiwanese military intelligence official claimed that the photo was fake. Many foreign experts and military fans had a heated discussion. When it came time to talk about it, well-known international media in Europe and America made timely reports. From the earliest blurred photo of a parked in the woods that was circulated on the Internet, it became clearer one after another. Photos from different angles began to circulate, and people gradually saw the plane. The appearance of the Chinese stealth fighter that shocked the world, this fighter completely ended the era of imitation of China's fighter industry and became an important pole of the world's fighters.
: The half-hearted military experts ridiculed the Chinese -20 fighter
On December 20, 2010, the Chinese stealth fighter plane taxied at high speed on the runway of the Chengdu Aircraft Company in Sichuan, at 12 noon on January 11, 2011 At 50:00, the first test aircraft of the J-20 took off in the company of the J-10 fighter trainer. After flying for three turns, it landed at 13:11. The basic configuration of the J-20 fighter is equipped with a pair of canards behind the cockpit. The wing is triangular, without horizontal tail, and is equipped with a pair of V-shaped full-motion vertical tails. The design of the side strips has unprecedented lateral maneuverability, low-speed maneuverability, low-altitude maneuverability, yaw performance and rolling performance should be better than the American F22A fighter and the Russian T.50 fighter, the J-20 is an extremely Excellent supersonic cruise and aircraft design with supersonic and transonic maneuverability, the Western aviation earthquake that immediately triggered, foreign experts gave the J-20 fighter a very high evaluation after observing from various angles.The J-20 is even considered the latest challenge to American air supremacy since the MiG-15 and Su-27.
However, some half-hearted experts who still think three hundred years ago disagree. They believe that the high mobility design of the J-20 is because the stealth material technology cannot achieve some kind of compensation for the F22 fighter. The vertical tail is moved because China has no compensation for engine vector technology, superfluous pelvic fins, sacrificed stealth front wings, and the lengthened fuselage proves that the J-20 is not a fighter but a long-range ground attack aircraft. The funniest also thinks that the J-20 20 undoubtedly copied the design drawing of the Mikoyan Design Bureau 1.44 verification aircraft, because the design concept of the Mikoyan Design Bureau 1.44 was to become a multi-purpose fighter-bomber, so a longer fuselage was designed, and the 1.44 verification aircraft must achieve stealth. In order to achieve stealth penetration and high mobility, the front wing is designed for this purpose. The shape of the front wing of the J-20 fighter close-coupled is similar to the 1.44 verification machine, and even part of the stealth is sacrificed. The large-sized front wing is suitable for land-based radar. It is a good bait. The slender fuselage has to install pelvic fins for heading stability. The pelvic fins mean that there is a disadvantage of weak heading control ability. The J-20 fighter also reflects this design concept,
1.44 verification The aircraft is quite similar to the J-20 fighter in many aspects of aerodynamic shape. The large side strip design of the fuselage is integrated into the front wing, which makes the J-20 fighter more like the 1.44 verification aircraft. The huge front wings and pelvic fins of the 1.44 verification aircraft make the 1.44 verification aircraft more similar. The stealth performance of the machine is quite poor, resulting in constant criticism. The huge fuselage makes the 1.44 verification machine not very maneuverable. The complex fuselage adds a large front wing and other factors, so that the load capacity is less than 7 tons, and the ground attack capability cannot meet the air force requirements, which has become the fundamental reason for the Russian Air Force to completely abandon the 1.44. Therefore, the problems faced by the J-20 will be similar to those of the 1.44 verification machine.
However, the Mikoyan Design Bureau said that the technology of the 1.44 verification machine had never been handed over to China. The half-baked experts then claimed that Chinese aeronautical engineers could copy the 1.44 verification machine only with the pictures of the 1.44 verification machine. Anyway, the 1.44 verification machine was eventually abandoned by the Russian Air Force. , the J-20 fighter jet will also have the same fate, because the J-20 fighter jet is not like American Airlines competing on a completely fair basis. The J-20 fighter jet is all on paper, and the prospect picture drawn by the design bureau is quite good. The Chinese Air Force hurriedly selected the J-20 fighter jet without any prototype test flight, and it was even called the double-engine major change of the J-10 fighter jet. It is true that many technologies of the J-20 fighter are ready-made, and many parts should be common to the J-10 fighter. This is the main reason why the production is so fast. , It is impossible to achieve supersonic cruise unless the empty weight is controlled at 15 tons, which the United States cannot do. The 18.92-meter-long F22 uses 24% of the composite material and weighs 14.36 tons. The J-20 fighter seems to exceed 21 meters, which is more than the F22A fighter. It is naturally impossible to achieve an empty weight of 15 tons, so the J-20 is only a fourth-generation aircraft with Chinese characteristics, which cannot meet the fourth-generation standard of European and American standards. The fourth-generation engine with a thrust-to-weight ratio of 10 needs to increase the thrust In order to reduce weight, it also needs to be able to withstand greater heat. The combustion chamber temperature of 1800 degrees requires better high-temperature alloys, MMC metal composite materials, ceramic matrix composite materials, and carbon-carbon composite materials. The latter two technologies are quite difficult.
It will take at least 10-15 years for China to use a domestic engine with a thrust of 15,000 kg afterburner, and the supersonic cruise capability will not be achieved until the engine with a large thrust is completed. The previous temperature has reached 1800 degrees,The thrust is close to the 15500kg of the F110-GE-134, and the thrust-to-weight ratio 18000kg high-thrust turbofan-15 is already under development. After using the WS-15 three-dimensional vector jet engine, the J-20 can easily carry out supersonic cruise and sensitive. High maneuverability flight.
2: Compare the original data of the U.S. F-22 fighter jet to see if the J-20 fighter jet can work. In just seven years, one might see an amazing achievement in technology development by China, the F-22 fighter jet was tested with the intention of the US Air Force to use this aircraft to gain air superiority anywhere in the world within a few hours , The most impressive thing in the first flight is the climb speed of the aircraft. Even if the landing gear is not retracted, it is difficult for the two accompanying F-16 fighters to catch up with the F-22 fighter. The two F-119 engines produced a huge thrust that allowed the No. 01 Raptor to reach an altitude of 4,600 meters in less than 3 minutes, and without the use of the engine's afterburner, the aircraft's maximum angle of attack reached 25°. The sweep angle of the leading edge of the 22 is 42 degrees, and the sweep angle of the leading edge of the
J-20 fighter is larger than that of the F22 fighter, which means that the wing area of the J-20 fighter is smaller than that of the YF23 and F22 fighters. The purpose of this design is mainly to To increase the cruising speed, according to the similar shape and aerodynamic distribution, it is not a problem to reach an angle of attack of 60 degrees. The DSI intake port can make the intake air flow get the best distribution selection, so as to optimize the airflow distribution of supersonic cruise, and the structure is greatly simplified, which is helpful for stealth, while the intake port of the F-2 fighter 2 is a fixed shape S Shaped supersonic air intake, the lip is not conducive to improving stealth performance.
F22 fighter is mainly made of 36% Ti-64 titanium alloy, 3% Ti-6222 ultra-high strength titanium alloy,16% 7050T--7451 and 2124T--8151 aluminum alloy , 24% bismaleimide (BMI) composite, 6% AirMet-100 alloy steel, 15% coating, paint, clear layer , Radar full-line cover, tires, brakes, sealants, adhesives, lead seals, actuators, gas and hydraulic oil, etc., the titanium alloy accounting for 40% of the structure weight is the semi-industrialized titanium 62222 developed in the 1970s The market price of epoxy composites is 20-40 dollars per pound, the market price of bismaleimide is 65-75 dollars per pound, and the market price of thermoplastic composites 80~100 US dollars per pound, these materials can be manufactured in China now, and the United States began to develop the F22 in the 1980s. The material technology used in the J-20 developed in 2010 is not as good as the United States in the 1980s,
The distribution of these materials Yes: Wing Skin: Composite, Wing Body Joint Lateral Joint: Titanium Hot Isostatic Casting, Front Spar: Titanium Alloy Intermediate Spar: Resin Transfer Moulded Composite, Titanium Rear Spar: Composite and Titanium, In Airway Skins: Composite, Landing Gear: Steel, Front Fuselage Skins: Composite, Bulkheads and Frames: Aluminum Alloy and Resin Transfer Moulding Composite, Tank Frames and Panels: Resin Transfer Moulding Composite, Avionics and Radar Bay: Thermoplastic Composite, Rear Fuselage Front Bulkhead: Titanium Alloy, Weldment Frame: Titanium Alloy Keel, Siding: High Carbon Co-cured Composite, Upper Skin: Titanium Alloy and High Carbon Co-cured composite, mid-fuselage skin: composite and titanium alloy, bulkhead and frame: titanium, aluminum alloy and composite, fuel tank floor: composite, weapon bay door skin: thermoplastic composite, reinforcement frame: Resin Transfer Molding Composite, Tail Skin: Composite Skin, Panel: Aluminum Alloy Honeycomb Sandwich, Spars and Wing Helps: Resin Transfer Molding Composite,Pivot: Fiber-reinforced organic composite materials
The most important thing for stealth fighters is of course stealth. According to the US military computer simulation analysis, the reflection cross-sectional area of the J-20 fighter radar front should be much less than 0.05 square meters. The maneuverability of the aircraft is of great help, and the reflection cross-sectional area of the F-22 fighter's front is about 0.065 square meters. The difference between the test results of the airframe radar reflection cross-section and the predicted value is not more than 1dB, of which 73% of the RCS on the key frequency is different from the predicted value. The difference of predicted values is within 2dB, and 97% is within 3dB. The absorbing coating of the F-22 fighter jet is based on the "electrochromic and hot chrome" coating technology of the F-117 stealth aircraft, and the carbon-iron compound material is used as the absorbing coating to reduce the full-frequency radar echo and suppress 60 %~70% of the infrared radiation with wavelengths of 3~5μm and 8~12μm,
However, according to the analysis and calculation analysis of the radar reflection cross section of the F-22 computer simulation of the whole machine, it can be concluded that the contribution to the reduction of the radar reflection cross section exceeds 90%. The most important thing is the shape design. The absorbing coating is only reduced by less than 10%. The stealth coating of the J-20 fighter is confidential, and it is impossible to know the pros and cons, but even if the coating is not applied, it is not worse than 10%. Considering that the combat targets of the Chinese Air Force are mainly the US F22 and F35 fighters, the design is highly targeted. If the J-20 fighter fails to meet the above-mentioned basic stealth requirements, it will be a waste of resources, so at least the J-20 can achieve this stealth. The technical indicators are completely possible. The
F22 fighter jet adopts a positive and negative 20-degree up and down binary vector nozzle. The nozzle shielding tube shortens the length and width of the flame jet with a large width ratio, and realizes infrared ultra-micro compression stealth. In addition, the throat area of the intake port is increased, and more cooling air is used to cool the engine. Infrared radiation coating technology is also used to effectively control the infrared characteristics of the skin and air friction during supersonic cruise. The infrared stealth is unique,It is equipped with nozzles to reduce infrared characteristics, and it is cooled before the engine wake is ejected. Generally speaking, it is not as good as the F22. It seems that the stealth technology of the turbofan engine has not yet achieved a fundamental breakthrough. However, the J-20 fighter is equipped with integrated TV, A new generation of composite photoelectric detectors for thermal imaging, infrared detection systems and laser ranging, the IRST infrared detectors on the Su-27 series fighter jets can detect human heat sources at a distance of 50 kilometers, and the J-20 fighter jets should be able to reach 100 kilometers. The 27 series fighter jets are poor, and the F22 has no infrared detection system. No matter how the F22 fighter jets are shielded by infrared, the nozzles still cannot escape the infrared detectors. Since both sides are equipped with radar alarms, once the radar is turned on, it will be caught by the radar alarm. In the air battle between the 20 fighter and the F22 fighter, if both sides do not turn on the radar, the F22 fighter will be in a very passive position. In addition, the F-22A fighter will greatly reduce the combat effectiveness in terms of low attendance rate and high maintenance cost. 20 fighter
The emergence of the J-20 fighter has played an important role in changing the air situation in Asia and the world. The air strike capability and stealth capability of the J-20 fighter also surpassed the technology of active fighters in all surrounding countries, forming the first enemy detection, The advantage of opening fire first is the upper hand in air battles against India, Japan, South Korea, and the entire ASEAN countries. The most deadly threat is invisibility, and it can freely move on the enemy without fear. There are existing fighter radars, early warning aircraft radars, ground-to-air It is very difficult for air-to-air missile radar to detect it effectively and accurately. The AN/APG-66 radar used by the F-16 fighter jet has a detection distance of 3 square meters and is said to be 150 kilometers. The search distance of 20 fighter jets is shortened to several kilometers, and the situation of ground-to-air radar is basically the same.Even if the F16 fighter enters the strike range of the infrared-guided air-to-air missile carried by the J-20 fighter, it is impossible to detect the exact position of the J-20 with radar, and the first attack can use the PL12 active radar guidance at a distance of 100 kilometers. Air-to-air missiles,
Once there is tension between China, Japan and the United States, the overseas attack capability of the Chinese Air Force will also double. The US military can only rely on F22 fighter jets to compete in Okinawa. The J-20 fighter jet will be better than the F-22 fighter jet in terms of maneuverability and control performance Airborne electronic radar, over-the-horizon attack and supersonic cruise capabilities should be comparable. The engine is slightly behind, and only the number is at a disadvantage. In the air battle with the F22 fighter, the radars of both sides are not turned on. The J-20 fighter can be used for composite photoelectric detection. The device found that the F22 fighter used infrared-guided air-to-air missiles to strike. Even if the two sides were in a close-range air battle, the aerodynamic performance of the J-20 fighter and the engine performance of the F22 fighter made the two sides evenly matched in combat maneuverability. Above), the F22 odds are between 0.12% and 0.78% ,
After the United States tested the J-20, US Defense Secretary Gates clearly admitted that he underestimated the development speed of Chinese fighter jets and immediately deployed 15 F22 fighter jets to Japan. Pa base, this is obviously unusual. In the past, F22 fighter jets were only stationed at Naha base for three months a year, and Australian strategists began to doubt whether it was meaningful to spend so much budget to buy F-35 fighter jets. Admiral Herbert-J-Carlisle, the commander of the command, believes that the technical level of China and the United States in stealth fighters is constantly shrinking, and the technical advantage of the US Air Force will not last for too long.
Concluding remarks: Explanation 4 points:
1: Is the article bragging? Gen. Herbert J. Carlisle's original words were published in the November 2012 issue of U.S. Air Force magazine,Anyone who thinks he knows more about the technological gap between China and the United States than an American general is welcome to leave a message on the official website of the U.S. Air Force and accuse him of being ignorant.
2: The original technical manual of the F-22 fighter jet was sent by me. If you want to praise me, please praise me. The United States is very unconfident. This manual cannot be found in the United States. If you don’t believe me, go look for it.
3: This manual is very thick and thick, and many technical terms cannot be understood by ordinary people, so I just put a few pages that are easy to understand.
4: Why is it in Chinese? This is what I translated with translation software. For the original text, please refer to the article
on the top of this number.The absorbing coating of the F-22 fighter jet is based on the "electrochromic and hot chrome" coating technology of the F-117 stealth aircraft, and the carbon-iron compound material is used as the absorbing coating to reduce the full-frequency radar echo and suppress 60 %~70% of the infrared radiation with wavelengths of 3~5μm and 8~12μm,
However, according to the analysis and calculation analysis of the radar reflection cross section of the F-22 computer simulation of the whole machine, it can be concluded that the contribution to the reduction of the radar reflection cross section exceeds 90%. The most important thing is the shape design. The absorbing coating is only reduced by less than 10%. The stealth coating of the J-20 fighter is confidential, and it is impossible to know the pros and cons, but even if the coating is not applied, it is not worse than 10%. Considering that the combat targets of the Chinese Air Force are mainly the US F22 and F35 fighters, the design is highly targeted. If the J-20 fighter fails to meet the above-mentioned basic stealth requirements, it will be a waste of resources, so at least the J-20 can achieve this stealth. The technical indicators are completely possible. The
F22 fighter jet adopts a positive and negative 20-degree up and down binary vector nozzle. The nozzle shielding tube shortens the length and width of the flame jet with a large width ratio, and realizes infrared ultra-micro compression stealth.
Foreword: On Christmas Eve in 2010, a long-known photo of a Chinese stealth fighter suddenly appeared on the Internet. The Taiwanese military intelligence official claimed that the photo was fake. Many foreign experts and military fans had a heated discussion. When it came time to talk about it, well-known international media in Europe and America made timely reports. From the earliest blurred photo of a parked in the woods that was circulated on the Internet, it became clearer one after another. Photos from different angles began to circulate, and people gradually saw the plane. The appearance of the Chinese stealth fighter that shocked the world, this fighter completely ended the era of imitation of China's fighter industry and became an important pole of the world's fighters.
: The half-hearted military experts ridiculed the Chinese -20 fighter
On December 20, 2010, the Chinese stealth fighter plane taxied at high speed on the runway of the Chengdu Aircraft Company in Sichuan, at 12 noon on January 11, 2011 At 50:00, the first test aircraft of the J-20 took off in the company of the J-10 fighter trainer. After flying for three turns, it landed at 13:11. The basic configuration of the J-20 fighter is equipped with a pair of canards behind the cockpit. The wing is triangular, without horizontal tail, and is equipped with a pair of V-shaped full-motion vertical tails. The design of the side strips has unprecedented lateral maneuverability, low-speed maneuverability, low-altitude maneuverability, yaw performance and rolling performance should be better than the American F22A fighter and the Russian T.50 fighter, the J-20 is an extremely Excellent supersonic cruise and aircraft design with supersonic and transonic maneuverability, the Western aviation earthquake that immediately triggered, foreign experts gave the J-20 fighter a very high evaluation after observing from various angles.The J-20 is even considered the latest challenge to American air supremacy since the MiG-15 and Su-27.
However, some half-hearted experts who still think three hundred years ago disagree. They believe that the high mobility design of the J-20 is because the stealth material technology cannot achieve some kind of compensation for the F22 fighter. The vertical tail is moved because China has no compensation for engine vector technology, superfluous pelvic fins, sacrificed stealth front wings, and the lengthened fuselage proves that the J-20 is not a fighter but a long-range ground attack aircraft. The funniest also thinks that the J-20 20 undoubtedly copied the design drawing of the Mikoyan Design Bureau 1.44 verification aircraft, because the design concept of the Mikoyan Design Bureau 1.44 was to become a multi-purpose fighter-bomber, so a longer fuselage was designed, and the 1.44 verification aircraft must achieve stealth. In order to achieve stealth penetration and high mobility, the front wing is designed for this purpose. The shape of the front wing of the J-20 fighter close-coupled is similar to the 1.44 verification machine, and even part of the stealth is sacrificed. The large-sized front wing is suitable for land-based radar. It is a good bait. The slender fuselage has to install pelvic fins for heading stability. The pelvic fins mean that there is a disadvantage of weak heading control ability. The J-20 fighter also reflects this design concept,
1.44 verification The aircraft is quite similar to the J-20 fighter in many aspects of aerodynamic shape. The large side strip design of the fuselage is integrated into the front wing, which makes the J-20 fighter more like the 1.44 verification aircraft. The huge front wings and pelvic fins of the 1.44 verification aircraft make the 1.44 verification aircraft more similar. The stealth performance of the machine is quite poor, resulting in constant criticism. The huge fuselage makes the 1.44 verification machine not very maneuverable. The complex fuselage adds a large front wing and other factors, so that the load capacity is less than 7 tons, and the ground attack capability cannot meet the air force requirements, which has become the fundamental reason for the Russian Air Force to completely abandon the 1.44. Therefore, the problems faced by the J-20 will be similar to those of the 1.44 verification machine.
However, the Mikoyan Design Bureau said that the technology of the 1.44 verification machine had never been handed over to China. The half-baked experts then claimed that Chinese aeronautical engineers could copy the 1.44 verification machine only with the pictures of the 1.44 verification machine. Anyway, the 1.44 verification machine was eventually abandoned by the Russian Air Force. , the J-20 fighter jet will also have the same fate, because the J-20 fighter jet is not like American Airlines competing on a completely fair basis. The J-20 fighter jet is all on paper, and the prospect picture drawn by the design bureau is quite good. The Chinese Air Force hurriedly selected the J-20 fighter jet without any prototype test flight, and it was even called the double-engine major change of the J-10 fighter jet. It is true that many technologies of the J-20 fighter are ready-made, and many parts should be common to the J-10 fighter. This is the main reason why the production is so fast. , It is impossible to achieve supersonic cruise unless the empty weight is controlled at 15 tons, which the United States cannot do. The 18.92-meter-long F22 uses 24% of the composite material and weighs 14.36 tons. The J-20 fighter seems to exceed 21 meters, which is more than the F22A fighter. It is naturally impossible to achieve an empty weight of 15 tons, so the J-20 is only a fourth-generation aircraft with Chinese characteristics, which cannot meet the fourth-generation standard of European and American standards. The fourth-generation engine with a thrust-to-weight ratio of 10 needs to increase the thrust In order to reduce weight, it also needs to be able to withstand greater heat. The combustion chamber temperature of 1800 degrees requires better high-temperature alloys, MMC metal composite materials, ceramic matrix composite materials, and carbon-carbon composite materials. The latter two technologies are quite difficult.
It will take at least 10-15 years for China to use a domestic engine with a thrust of 15,000 kg afterburner, and the supersonic cruise capability will not be achieved until the engine with a large thrust is completed. The previous temperature has reached 1800 degrees,The thrust is close to the 15500kg of the F110-GE-134, and the thrust-to-weight ratio 18000kg high-thrust turbofan-15 is already under development. After using the WS-15 three-dimensional vector jet engine, the J-20 can easily carry out supersonic cruise and sensitive. High maneuverability flight.
2: Compare the original data of the U.S. F-22 fighter jet to see if the J-20 fighter jet can work. In just seven years, one might see an amazing achievement in technology development by China, the F-22 fighter jet was tested with the intention of the US Air Force to use this aircraft to gain air superiority anywhere in the world within a few hours , The most impressive thing in the first flight is the climb speed of the aircraft. Even if the landing gear is not retracted, it is difficult for the two accompanying F-16 fighters to catch up with the F-22 fighter. The two F-119 engines produced a huge thrust that allowed the No. 01 Raptor to reach an altitude of 4,600 meters in less than 3 minutes, and without the use of the engine's afterburner, the aircraft's maximum angle of attack reached 25°. The sweep angle of the leading edge of the 22 is 42 degrees, and the sweep angle of the leading edge of the
J-20 fighter is larger than that of the F22 fighter, which means that the wing area of the J-20 fighter is smaller than that of the YF23 and F22 fighters. The purpose of this design is mainly to To increase the cruising speed, according to the similar shape and aerodynamic distribution, it is not a problem to reach an angle of attack of 60 degrees. The DSI intake port can make the intake air flow get the best distribution selection, so as to optimize the airflow distribution of supersonic cruise, and the structure is greatly simplified, which is helpful for stealth, while the intake port of the F-2 fighter 2 is a fixed shape S Shaped supersonic air intake, the lip is not conducive to improving stealth performance.
F22 fighter is mainly made of 36% Ti-64 titanium alloy, 3% Ti-6222 ultra-high strength titanium alloy,16% 7050T--7451 and 2124T--8151 aluminum alloy , 24% bismaleimide (BMI) composite, 6% AirMet-100 alloy steel, 15% coating, paint, clear layer , Radar full-line cover, tires, brakes, sealants, adhesives, lead seals, actuators, gas and hydraulic oil, etc., the titanium alloy accounting for 40% of the structure weight is the semi-industrialized titanium 62222 developed in the 1970s The market price of epoxy composites is 20-40 dollars per pound, the market price of bismaleimide is 65-75 dollars per pound, and the market price of thermoplastic composites 80~100 US dollars per pound, these materials can be manufactured in China now, and the United States began to develop the F22 in the 1980s. The material technology used in the J-20 developed in 2010 is not as good as the United States in the 1980s,
The distribution of these materials Yes: Wing Skin: Composite, Wing Body Joint Lateral Joint: Titanium Hot Isostatic Casting, Front Spar: Titanium Alloy Intermediate Spar: Resin Transfer Moulded Composite, Titanium Rear Spar: Composite and Titanium, In Airway Skins: Composite, Landing Gear: Steel, Front Fuselage Skins: Composite, Bulkheads and Frames: Aluminum Alloy and Resin Transfer Moulding Composite, Tank Frames and Panels: Resin Transfer Moulding Composite, Avionics and Radar Bay: Thermoplastic Composite, Rear Fuselage Front Bulkhead: Titanium Alloy, Weldment Frame: Titanium Alloy Keel, Siding: High Carbon Co-cured Composite, Upper Skin: Titanium Alloy and High Carbon Co-cured composite, mid-fuselage skin: composite and titanium alloy, bulkhead and frame: titanium, aluminum alloy and composite, fuel tank floor: composite, weapon bay door skin: thermoplastic composite, reinforcement frame: Resin Transfer Molding Composite, Tail Skin: Composite Skin, Panel: Aluminum Alloy Honeycomb Sandwich, Spars and Wing Helps: Resin Transfer Molding Composite,Pivot: Fiber-reinforced organic composite materials
The most important thing for stealth fighters is of course stealth. According to the US military computer simulation analysis, the reflection cross-sectional area of the J-20 fighter radar front should be much less than 0.05 square meters. The maneuverability of the aircraft is of great help, and the reflection cross-sectional area of the F-22 fighter's front is about 0.065 square meters. The difference between the test results of the airframe radar reflection cross-section and the predicted value is not more than 1dB, of which 73% of the RCS on the key frequency is different from the predicted value. The difference of predicted values is within 2dB, and 97% is within 3dB. The absorbing coating of the F-22 fighter jet is based on the "electrochromic and hot chrome" coating technology of the F-117 stealth aircraft, and the carbon-iron compound material is used as the absorbing coating to reduce the full-frequency radar echo and suppress 60 %~70% of the infrared radiation with wavelengths of 3~5μm and 8~12μm,
However, according to the analysis and calculation analysis of the radar reflection cross section of the F-22 computer simulation of the whole machine, it can be concluded that the contribution to the reduction of the radar reflection cross section exceeds 90%. The most important thing is the shape design. The absorbing coating is only reduced by less than 10%. The stealth coating of the J-20 fighter is confidential, and it is impossible to know the pros and cons, but even if the coating is not applied, it is not worse than 10%. Considering that the combat targets of the Chinese Air Force are mainly the US F22 and F35 fighters, the design is highly targeted. If the J-20 fighter fails to meet the above-mentioned basic stealth requirements, it will be a waste of resources, so at least the J-20 can achieve this stealth. The technical indicators are completely possible. The
F22 fighter jet adopts a positive and negative 20-degree up and down binary vector nozzle. The nozzle shielding tube shortens the length and width of the flame jet with a large width ratio, and realizes infrared ultra-micro compression stealth. In addition, the throat area of the intake port is increased, and more cooling air is used to cool the engine. Infrared radiation coating technology is also used to effectively control the infrared characteristics of the skin and air friction during supersonic cruise. The infrared stealth is unique,It is equipped with nozzles to reduce infrared characteristics, and it is cooled before the engine wake is ejected. Generally speaking, it is not as good as the F22. It seems that the stealth technology of the turbofan engine has not yet achieved a fundamental breakthrough. However, the J-20 fighter is equipped with integrated TV, A new generation of composite photoelectric detectors for thermal imaging, infrared detection systems and laser ranging, the IRST infrared detectors on the Su-27 series fighter jets can detect human heat sources at a distance of 50 kilometers, and the J-20 fighter jets should be able to reach 100 kilometers. The 27 series fighter jets are poor, and the F22 has no infrared detection system. No matter how the F22 fighter jets are shielded by infrared, the nozzles still cannot escape the infrared detectors. Since both sides are equipped with radar alarms, once the radar is turned on, it will be caught by the radar alarm. In the air battle between the 20 fighter and the F22 fighter, if both sides do not turn on the radar, the F22 fighter will be in a very passive position. In addition, the F-22A fighter will greatly reduce the combat effectiveness in terms of low attendance rate and high maintenance cost. 20 fighter
The emergence of the J-20 fighter has played an important role in changing the air situation in Asia and the world. The air strike capability and stealth capability of the J-20 fighter also surpassed the technology of active fighters in all surrounding countries, forming the first enemy detection, The advantage of opening fire first is the upper hand in air battles against India, Japan, South Korea, and the entire ASEAN countries. The most deadly threat is invisibility, and it can freely move on the enemy without fear. There are existing fighter radars, early warning aircraft radars, ground-to-air It is very difficult for air-to-air missile radar to detect it effectively and accurately. The AN/APG-66 radar used by the F-16 fighter jet has a detection distance of 3 square meters and is said to be 150 kilometers. The search distance of 20 fighter jets is shortened to several kilometers, and the situation of ground-to-air radar is basically the same.Even if the F16 fighter enters the strike range of the infrared-guided air-to-air missile carried by the J-20 fighter, it is impossible to detect the exact position of the J-20 with radar, and the first attack can use the PL12 active radar guidance at a distance of 100 kilometers. Air-to-air missiles,
Once there is tension between China, Japan and the United States, the overseas attack capability of the Chinese Air Force will also double. The US military can only rely on F22 fighter jets to compete in Okinawa. The J-20 fighter jet will be better than the F-22 fighter jet in terms of maneuverability and control performance Airborne electronic radar, over-the-horizon attack and supersonic cruise capabilities should be comparable. The engine is slightly behind, and only the number is at a disadvantage. In the air battle with the F22 fighter, the radars of both sides are not turned on. The J-20 fighter can be used for composite photoelectric detection. The device found that the F22 fighter used infrared-guided air-to-air missiles to strike. Even if the two sides were in a close-range air battle, the aerodynamic performance of the J-20 fighter and the engine performance of the F22 fighter made the two sides evenly matched in combat maneuverability. Above), the F22 odds are between 0.12% and 0.78% ,
After the United States tested the J-20, US Defense Secretary Gates clearly admitted that he underestimated the development speed of Chinese fighter jets and immediately deployed 15 F22 fighter jets to Japan. Pa base, this is obviously unusual. In the past, F22 fighter jets were only stationed at Naha base for three months a year, and Australian strategists began to doubt whether it was meaningful to spend so much budget to buy F-35 fighter jets. Admiral Herbert-J-Carlisle, the commander of the command, believes that the technical level of China and the United States in stealth fighters is constantly shrinking, and the technical advantage of the US Air Force will not last for too long.
Concluding remarks: Explanation 4 points:
1: Is the article bragging? Gen. Herbert J. Carlisle's original words were published in the November 2012 issue of U.S. Air Force magazine,Anyone who thinks he knows more about the technological gap between China and the United States than an American general is welcome to leave a message on the official website of the U.S. Air Force and accuse him of being ignorant.
2: The original technical manual of the F-22 fighter jet was sent by me. If you want to praise me, please praise me. The United States is very unconfident. This manual cannot be found in the United States. If you don’t believe me, go look for it.
3: This manual is very thick and thick, and many technical terms cannot be understood by ordinary people, so I just put a few pages that are easy to understand.
4: Why is it in Chinese? This is what I translated with translation software. For the original text, please refer to the article
on the top of this number.
Concluding remarks: Explanation 4 points:
1: Is the article bragging? Admiral Herbert-J-Carlisle's original words were published in the US "Air Force" magazine in November 2012. Anyone who believes that he knows more about the technical gap between China and the United States than US generals is welcome to leave a message on the US Air Force's official website to scold him. Inexperienced.
2: The original technical manual of the F-22 fighter jet was sent by me. If you want to praise me, please praise me. The United States is very unconfident. This manual cannot be found in the United States. If you don’t believe me, go look for it.
3: This manual is very thick and thick, and many technical terms cannot be understood by ordinary people, so I just put a few pages that are easy to understand.
4: Why is it in Chinese? This is what I translated with translation software. For the original text, please refer to the article
on the top of this number.
