On November 7, 1931, the Red 4th Army and Red 25th Army in Hubei, Henan and Anhui Soviet Area were combined into the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army in Qiliping, Huang'an County, Hubei Province. Xu Xiang served as the commander-in-chief, Chen Changhao served as the political commissar, and Liu Shiqi served as the director of the political department. The entire army was nearly 30,000.
At this time, Liu Shiqi, Xu Xiangqian and Chen Chang were the three giants of the Red Fourth Front Army. They were full of talents. Chen Geng was the commander of the Red 12th Division, Wang Shusheng was the deputy commander of the Red 11th Division (soon promoted to the division commander), and Xu Haidong was the commander of the Red 36th Regiment of the Red 12th Division. Many years later, these three became the founding generals of the New China.
Liu Shiqi is a very important figure in the history of the Party and military. He died too early and there are not many people who know him now.
In 1902, Liu Shiqi was born in Jiuyuan Village, Huangshajie Town, Yueyang County, Hunan Province. The heavyweights of our party born in this year include Luo Ronghuan, Huang Kecheng, , Tan Zhenlin, Guan Xiangying, etc.
Liu Shiqi's father Liu Shifan is a Chinese medicine doctor with excellent medical skills and is kind and generous. Because of his wealthy family, Liu Shiqi received a good education since childhood. In 1919, he was admitted to Hunan Business School (the predecessor of the business department of Hunan University) with excellent results. He was fortunate to meet the young Chairman Mao who was influential in the academic circle of Hunan and began to devote himself to revolutionary activities.
When a person grows up, it is very important to meet someone.
In the summer of 1924, under the introduction of Guo Liang and Xia Minghan, Liu Shiqi joined the Communist Party of China. The introductions to the party of Guo Liang and Xia Minghan are both Chairman Mao.
In September 1926, Liu Shiqi served as secretary of the Yueyang Local Executive Committee, which was his first important position within the party. He has strong work ability. In just half a year, Yueyang County and District Farmers Associations have grown to 20, more than 80 rural farmers’ associations, and more than 100,000 members of the Farmers Association. The farmers’ movement has flourished.
After the failure of the Great Revolution in 1927, Liu Shiqi was transferred to Jiangxi to work and served as Secretary-General of our party's Jiangxi Provincial Party Committee, and made a lot of preliminary preparations for the Nanchang Uprising. After the Nanchang Uprising troops withdrew from the city of Nanchang, Liu Shiqi and the main leaders of the Jiangxi Provincial Party Committee stayed in Nanchang under the instructions of the Party, and made many efforts to cover the retreat of revolutionary comrades and made outstanding contributions.
1928 to early 1930, Liu Shiqi served as secretary of the Ganzhou Special Committee and secretary of the Ganzhou Special Committee in Jiangxi, and organized more than 100,000 revolutionary masses to attack Ji'an. He also sent Zhao Xingwu to the army captain of the Jingwei Brigade of Ji'an with Cai Shenxi, Secretary of the Military Commission of Jiangxi Provincial Party Committee, to instigate the uprising. After the uprising was successful, Luo Binghui's troops were adapted into the 5th Independent Regiment of the Red Army of Jiangxi Province.
After joining our army, Luo Binghui actively asked to join the party. His introduction to join the party was Liu Shiqi and Cai Shenxi. Luo Binghui later served as the commander of the Red Ninth Army and the deputy commander of the New Fourth Army. Unfortunately, he died of illness in June 1946. If he lived to be awarded the rank, he would have been the rank of general.
While working in the Central Soviet Area, Liu Shiqi met Chairman Mao, the revolutionary guide of that year, again, and the relationship between the two was very good. In April 1929, Liu Shiqi married He Yi, the Women's Minister of Ganxi Special Committee. He Yi is the real sister of Chairman Mao’s wife He Zizhen, and Liu Shiqi’s relationship with Chairman Mao has another layer: brother-in-law.
1930 On January 18, 1930, in accordance with the instructions of the Party Central Committee, West Ganxi , Hunan-Jiangxi Border Special Committee and the Military Commission of the Red Fifth Army held a joint meeting of in Yutian, Suichuan County, and decided to combine the Second, Third, Fourth and Fifth Regiments of the Jiangxi Red Army, the Second Independent Workers and Peasants Guerrilla Brigade and the Part of the Red Guards in the Hunan-Jiangxi Border into the Red Sixth Army. Huang Gongliang was appointed as the commander of the army, and Liu Shiqi served as the political commissar and secretary of the military committee.
This year, Liu Shiqi was 28 years old and was the military political commissar in Red Army . His partner was Huang Gongluo, who was as famous as Chairman Mao, Zhu De and Peng Dehuai at that time.
From February 6 to 9, 1930, the Front Committee of the Red Fourth Army, the Military Commission of the Fifth and Sixth Army and the Ganxi Special Committee held a joint meeting in Pitou Village, Ji'an County. The meeting made a decision to establish a new front committee to unify the leadership of the Red Fourth, Red Fifth and Red Sixth Army. There are five members of the Standing Committee of the Front Committee, namely Chairman Mao, Liu Shiqi, Zhu De, Zeng Shan and Pan Xinyuan. The alternate members of the Standing Committee are Peng Dehuai and Huang Gongluo, and the secretary is Chairman Mao.
At this time, Liu Shiqi's position was still above Peng Dehuai and Huang Gongluo, which shows his high status within the party.
Immediately, Liu Shiqi added another position: Secretary of the Southwest Jiangxi Special Committee.
Zeng Shan was also elected as the chairman of the Jiangxi Provincial Soviet Government .
Since Chairman Mao was not the supreme leader of the party at that time, the relationship between the leaders of the party organization in southwest Jiangxi and Chairman Mao was very inconsistent. Li Wenlin, one of the founders of the Southern Jiangxi Red Army, and Jiang Hanbo, the inspector of the Jiangxi Provincial Party Committee, opposed Chairman Mao’s correct opinions many times, while Liu Shiqi and Zeng Shan firmly supported Chairman Mao and made important contributions to the formation and development of the Central Revolutionary Base based on the revolutionary base in southwestern Jiangxi.
In July 1930, the Red 20th Army was established in Pitou Village, Ji'an County. This is a regular Red Army unit formed by local revolutionary armed forces in southwest Jiangxi. The commander is Zeng Bingchun (later Liu Tiechao ), and the political commissar and secretary of the Military Commission is Liu Shiqi. Liu Shiqi was also a member of the Central Military Revolutionary Committee and became one of the important leaders of the Party and Red Army in the Central Soviet Area.
In 1931, Liu Shiqi was appointed by the Party Central Committee to arrive at the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Revolutionary Base. He was initially appointed as the director of the Political Department of the Red 4th Army and later served as the director of the Political Department of the Red 4th Front Army, assisting Xu Xiangqian, commander-in-chief of the Red 4th Front Army, to achieve a series of major victories in the fight against encirclement and suppression. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Marshal Xu Xiangqian once commented on Liu Shiqi in his memoirs: "He works actively, approachable, has a good relationship with cadres and masses, and is a good comrade."
In October 1932, the main force of the Red Fourth Front Army withdrew from the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Revolutionary Base, entered the border between Hubei-Henan and Shaanxi, and moved to the South Shaanxi and North Sichuan , creating the Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet Area, and finally broke the enemy's plan to destroy the main force of the Red Army and preserved the revolutionary force. Before withdrawing from the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Soviet Area, Zhang Guotao wrote a letter to Guo Shushen, Secretary of the Northwest Anhui Road Committee of the Communist Party of China in the name of the Central Branch of the Communist Party of China, asking him to form the Hubei-Anhui Working Committee of the Communist Party of China with Liu Shiqi, who had been renamed the commander of the Eastern Route of the Red Army, Xu Haidong, and others to form the Hubei-Anhui Working Committee of the Communist Party of China, to unify the struggle in the Hubei-Anhui border region.
On October 2, the Hubei-Anhui Working Committee of the Communist Party of China unified the Red Army and local armed forces in the border area into the Red 27th Army, with Liu Shiqi as the commander and Guo Shushen as the political commissar. The Red 27th Army was under the jurisdiction of the 79th and 81st Divisions, and Xu Haidong was the commander of the 79th Division.
After the establishment of the Red 27th Army, in order to cooperate with the main Red Army to advance westward, they attacked the outside line to suppress the enemy. On November 18, they arrived at the northeastern Hubei base and found the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Provincial Party Committee. During this period, the battles were fought in many places, nearly 4,000 enemies were annihilated, the armed forces of thousands were preserved, the political influence of the Red Army was expanded, and the confidence in the struggle between the military and civilians in the base area was strongly encouraged.
Who knew that at this moment, something unfortunate happened. After the Red 27th Army arrived in northeast Hubei, the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Provincial Party Committee did not fully listen to the report on the transition of the Communist Party of China's Hubei-Anhui Working Committee and the Red 27th Army on the Eastern Front. They believed the one-sided response and made a wrong decision on the army commander Liu Shiqi. In early 1933, he was wrongly killed in Qiliping, Hong'an, Hubei (during the period of anti-counterfeiting).
At that time, the person who unilaterally reported to the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Provincial Party Committee that Liu Shiqi had problems was the later founding general Xu Haidong. In January 1965, Xu Haidong, then director of the 25th Army War History Compilation Committee, wrote a historical material at the request of the editorial board, which still listed several of Liu Shiqi's crimes.
, and Guo Shushen, who partnered with Liu Shiqi in the Red 27 Army, had the opposite opinion. In July 1980, the Anhui Revolutionary Struggle History Information Collection and Organizing Office sent someone to Beijing for an interview, and Guo Shushen once made a solemn explanation of Liu Shiqi's unjust killing that year. He said: "Comrade Liu Shiqi formed the Red 27th Army with us when he completely cut off contact with the main force. He was brave in combat and had command skills. He was not only good at military work, but also good at political work. Under the extremely difficult conditions at that time, through everyone's efforts, he not only preserved our Red Army troops, but also protected the masses. Comrade Liu Shiqi made contributions to the work of the Red 27th Army and made contributions to the revolution."
The Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held in 1938 to retaliate against Liu Shiqi. The "Seventh National Congress" of the Party, held at the turn of spring and summer in 1945, recognized Liu Shiqi as a revolutionary martyr and issued a martyr certificate to him after the founding of the country.
Liu Shiqi has two sons, the eldest son is Liu Zuwen and the second son is Liu Ziyi.
Liu Ziyi was born to He Yi.
He Yi later married Chairman Mao’s third brother Mao Zetan, and the two gave birth to a son named He Lucheng (with his mother’s surname). When He Lu grew up, he was a famous missile expert and made important contributions to the successful flight test of China's first medium- and short-range missile designed and manufactured by itself in June 1964. His scientific and technological achievements and writings have won the National Science and Technology Conference Award and the First Prize in the Army Science and Technology.
He Lucheng is also the first person to be rated as a senior professional title in the People's Liberation Army of China. His senior professional title certificate is "0001". (Liu Jixing)
