Mars probe 
[Original: Rocket vibration platform]
In the process of exploring space, humans have had space accidents many times, causing the explosion of star arrows and even triggering the tragic events of the death of several astronauts. Therefore, countries are paying more and more attention to aerospace safety issues. The rocket vibration platform plays a crucial role in aerospace safety.
Since vibrating tables can be used for the development of various military products such as weapons, the United States has restricted the export of more than 9 tons of electric vibrating tables to China since the 1950s.
702, China's Ministry of Aerospace, independently developed the 70-ton electric vibration platform is the world's largest thrust single vibration platform. A large thrust vibration test system consisting of four 35-ton electric vibration tables, with a maximum thrust of up to 140 tons. This series of products can simulate high-magnitude vibration caused by flame jets during test drive and flight of engine components. Zhu Xiquan, deputy chief designer of the Long March 5 launch vehicle, told reporters: "This system can be used to detect whether the product can withstand the vibration and impact environment during use during its effective life cycle. Currently, the electric vibration platform with the largest thrust abroad is 29 tons. my country's breakthrough in this field will help the development of large-scale launch vehicles in my country."
At present, this technology has been tested and plays an extremely important role in the field of aerospace . Western countries not only appreciate this technology, but more than 30 countries, including the United States, have also purchased China's electric vibration table equipment from China.
On August 28, 2020, the "Catalogue of Technologies for Prohibition of Exports in China" released by the Ministry of Commerce added a restricted export of 50 tons of vibration tables, which means that my country has begun to restrict exports to foreign countries for this technology.
ultra-large tonnage electric vibration platform
[Part 2: Tiangong Space Station]
Humans have launched six space station into space. At present, there are only international space station built by 16 countries including the United States and Russia, and the Tiangong Space Station independently built by China. After the International Space Station is retired in 2031, China's Tiangong will become the only space station for humans to operate.
International Space Station
China's Tiangong Space Station mainly consists of three cabins: Tianhe core module, Tiantian experimental module and patrol experimental module, with a total designed mass of 180 tons. China has applied a number of new technologies and new materials in the construction of space station .
The International Space Station's solar panel energy conversion rate is only 15%, and the electric power it provides is 90 kilowatts. The energy conversion rate of solar panels in Tiangong Space Station is above 30%. Although the overall space is much smaller, the power supply still reaches 100 kilowatts.
Sky power supply station is equipped with 4 Hall thrusters , which ionizes inert gas and erupts at high speed to generate a propulsion of 80 milliN, which can work continuously for approximately infinite time. In addition, the amount of propellant consumed is extremely small, which greatly reduces the number of times the space station will be replenished in the future.
China announced that the Tiangong Space Station is open to the world and can be used by relevant scientists around the world to jointly use this space platform. In terms of design, China's Tiangong Space Station also reserves the second phase expansion capabilities that will be added through modularity in the future.
China's Tiangong Space Station
[Item 3: Hall Thruster]
Hall Thruster is a device that converts electricity into kinetic energy. Its function is to generate an electromagnetic field from the outside, which accelerates charged ions and forms an plasma jet, thereby pushing the aircraft forward. The working principle of the
Hall thruster is shown in the figure below. First, a magnetic field and an electric field are generated by external electrical energy. The cross-electronic field captures the electron stream emitted from the cathode. The electron stream collided with the propellant molecules entering the annular discharge chamber through the anode to form a plasma, where the plasma accelerates axially under the action of the electromagnetic field and is ejected at a high speed, thereby generating thrust.
Hall thruster schematic
China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation 801 has developed a 20-kilowatt high-power Hall thrust, with its driving force reaching the order of 1 Niu. In terms of performance, it has reached an international leading level.
1 The thrust of the order of magnitude provides extremely strong maneuverability for the aircraft. Once this technology is applied to military satellite , the satellite can easily achieve maneuvering orbit change to fight the destruction of enemy spy satellites, and can also counter enemy satellites. In addition to comparison, the emergence of high-power Hall thrusters can also prompt my country to go deeper and further in the field of aerospace, thereby better exploring the unknown mysteries of the universe.
Hall thruster in working state
[Item 4: Space nuclear power]
Space nuclear power refers to the energy form that is converted into electrical energy through nuclear energy to maintain the operation of spacecraft. It is suitable for use in interstellar navigation away from the sun. Therefore, in outer space exploration, lunar base and Mars base activities, they are the most promising advanced energy forms. Space nuclear power devices require light weight, small size, strong radiation resistance, long life and high window utilization.
lunar base imagination
space nuclear power can be divided into three categories: radioisotope , nuclear fission and nuclear fusion. The energy released by radioactive isotopes is relatively low and is mainly used on unmanned interstellar probes. controllable nuclear fusion technology is still under development, and it is the best energy form for manned interstellar exploration in the future. At present, the technology is relatively mature and is being used in nuclear fission and its devices.
" South China Morning Post " reported that the United States has developed a Kilopower micro nuclear reactor, using uranium 235 as nuclear fuel , with an output power ranging from 1 to 10 kilowatts and a weight ranging from 1.4 to 1.8 tons. NASA is ready to launch it on Mars, loading 4 units at a time, with a total weight between 5.8 and 7 tons. Large rockets have the ability to launch it over.
US micronuclear reactor device
China launched the micronuclear fission reactor project in 2019 and is currently building a prototype reactor. The design of this micro reactor is 1 MW at a maximum power of 100 times that of the same model in the United States. The project is to provide sufficient energy for the construction of the Moon Base and the Mars Base.
China's space micronuclear power plant
In the next twenty years, China's aerospace will enter a channel of accelerated development. Whether it is building lunar scientific research station , space power station, Mars scientific research site, or conducting marginal exploration of the solar system, it will push China's aerospace to lead the world.
China leads space exploration
