At the end of May 1985, the "M-1" counterattack plan launched by the Li Duan Group on the Laoshan War Zone was the last time Vietnam tested China's military strength and the last desperate struggle of the Vietnamese army in the northern border area. After the new arrival of the People's Liberation Army 67th Army hit the invading enemy hard, Li Duan began to adjust its external strategy.
11, then-Jianwen of Vietnamese Prime Minister said in an interview with a US reporter: We are working hard to restore relations between Vietnam and China, but China has always ignored it.
The Sino-Vietnam border war has lasted for 7 years. People all over the world, including the Vietnamese, know that the key to the normalization of China-Vietnam relations lies in Vietnam. Nowadays, what Fan Wentong said about "restoring bilateral relations" is actually an euphemism of admitting defeat.
China's attitude towards Vietnam's active weakness this time is to wait and see, which has put the Le Duan Group in a more passive situation in diplomacy, military, economics and other fields.
The last test
1984 After the end of the Songmaoling War in Laoshan, the Vietnamese army found that the Chinese army was no longer comparable and had the ability to strike and counterattack in heavy firepower. Not only does it have advanced anti-artillery radar, but it also has small line-controlled missiles, but the coordination capabilities between the Chinese Air Force and ground forces have been further strengthened, and the Air Force has become the eye of the artillery.
In this context, Chinese artillery scouts can accurately detect important targets of the Vietnamese army without using traditional infiltration reconnaissance methods.
If the Vietnamese army continues to use traditional tactics, they will only be beaten. In order to test how powerful the Chinese army is, the Vietnamese Ministry of Defense began to formulate a new combat plan in early 1985.
The plan is code-named "M-1". Since there was an internal strife in Vietnam at this time, the "M-1" combat plan was leaked shortly after the finalization, and it was controlled by China's Yunnan Front Command.
The Vietnamese Ministry of Defense abandoned the Vietnamese military's past cluster combat method of infantry and artillery coordination, and adopted the geotechnical and excavation tactic in an attempt to avoid the large-scale killing of heavy firepower of the Chinese army. For this reason, the Vietnamese army invested in front of a large-caliber artillery brigade, an anti-aircraft artillery brigade, an agent regiment and another battalion, a reconnaissance company directly under the Central Military Commission of Vietnam and a reconnaissance company directly under the Second Military Region in front of the Laoshan War Zone.
In addition, the Vietnamese army also selected 11 infantry regiments with strong combat effectiveness from regular troops stationed in six border provinces in the north, so that the Laoshan War Zone area had more than 20,000 troops. These Vietnamese troops were reorganized into two infantry divisions: the 313th Division and the 356th Division; among which, the 313th Division was stationed on the front of Laoshan and the 356th Division was stationed on the front of Balihedongshan.
At this time, the Vietnamese army also changed a lot. After the two Vietnamese infantry divisions entered the Laoshan War Zone, the main force rarely appeared. However, the Guangxi border area was frequently raided by small groups of Vietnamese agents or raided by cold guns and cold cannons. This trick of beating the east and the west is no longer useful, and the People's Liberation Army has a clear idea.
As time goes by, soldiers of the People's Liberation Army 1st Army who are stationed in the Laoshan War Zone have discovered that the main force of the Vietnamese army in front of the position has been carrying out local work, and some tunnels of the Vietnamese army have advanced to a distance of only 30 to 50 meters away from our tunnels. The PLA soldiers at the frontline positions also often use grenades to attack the Vietnamese army in front of the formation.
The Vietnamese army built a large number of tunnel gun positions on the northern slope of the large and small green mountains on the Vietnamese side. According to preliminary statistics, the Vietnamese army newly built tunnel length is about 15 kilometers and the depth is about 5 kilometers.
In order to severely attack this Vietnamese army, the Yunnan Front Command not only strengthened the reconnaissance force on the front line, but also increased the reserves of anti-tunnel combat weapons such as flamethrowers, light machine guns, automatic rifles, , and Red Arrow-73 Anti-tank Missile ; Engineer Unit uses 74 rocket mine laying vehicles to lay obstacles day and night. Once the Vietnamese army is found to be moving closer to our frontier positions, it will directly launch mine-burning rockets at the enemy's side.
In terms of tactical arrangements, the People's Liberation Army has also made corresponding adjustments. First, the artillery scouts and engineers were organized into the frontier positions, Infantry Squad , and the platoon. There are small-caliber curved artillery fire support in the back of an infantry squad or platoon. If the entrance of the Vietnamese army tunnel in front of the squad-level position is too secret and the heavy firepower is difficult to destroy, take the initiative to attack, destroy it, and lay a mixed minefield nearby.
Second, before the Vietnamese army had freed up its hands to launch a large-scale attack, the squads and platoon positions quickly cleared the obstacles 100 meters ahead of the position. For some positions with low strategic value, reduce troops appropriately to avoid unnecessary sacrifice.
The third is to improve the defense capabilities of the position. Specifically, only necessary passages are retained between the first trench and the second trench in the front-line position, and mines or obstacles are buried in other places to prevent the Vietnamese army from threatening the security of the second line of defense after attacking the first trench. The firepower is strengthened inside the hidden pits provided by the trench. If the troops retreat to the hidden pits, it can also ensure that the enemy cannot invade.
After the 1st Army of the People's Liberation Army made sufficient defense preparations, it was time for the change of defense. The 67th Army was ordered to enter the pre-war change of defense in mid-May. The defense replacement work will be fully completed in late May.
At around 5:40 am on May 31, the Vietnamese army took advantage of the first arrival of the People's Liberation Army's 67th Army, which suddenly dispatched an infantryman of about 2,000 people to launch an attack on the direction of Laoshan Nala. For a moment, gunfire sounded loudly in Laoshan and Bali Hedongshan.
Thanks to the Yunnan Front Command’s advance combat deployment, the 67th Army’s frontier positions were fought very well. Although the Vietnamese army was very close to our frontier positions, it was difficult to move forward. The battle was 7 a.m. on June 2, and the Vietnamese army spent a lot of effort to capture the No. 1 and No. 2 sent posts on the 211 Highlands.
After three days of fierce fighting, more than 700 people were shot dead in the Vietnamese army and destroyed artillery 27 gates. The People's Liberation Army suffered 72 casualties, of which 19 were killed. Although the Vietnamese army's geotechnical excavation tactics effectively avoided the mass destruction of the PLA's heavy firepower, they still could not break through the PLA's tunnel defense line. Therefore, the Li Duan Group could only face reality.
We want to "spend", but China ignores
5·31 After the war ended, Vietnam radical representatives Li Duan and Li Deshou began to live in seclusion and rarely appeared in front of the media. The moderate twelfth representatives Long March and Ruan Xiong are no longer valued, but the conservative representatives Fan Wentong began to become active.
At this time, the Le Duan Group was eager to improve Vietnam's image and status in the international community, and had long agreed to the official media of hostile countries such as the United States, France, and Japan to open a communications branch in Hanoi . In November, Fan Wentong said in an interview with a US reporter on the China-Vietnam border situation: We have been trying to seek opportunities to restore the relationship between Vietnam and China, but so far, China has not shown any goodwill.
In fact, this is just an excuse that Vietnam has found for itself to find a way out. The responsibility for undermining China-Vietnam friendly relations lies with the Li Duan Group. It is also the Li Duan Group that does not accept China's reasonable suggestions or international mediation. Moreover, every time Vietnam suffered a military setback, the Le Duan Group said it would cease fire in the Sino-Vietnam border area, and secretly instructed the Vietnamese army to fight even harder.
China will not make any statement on this. As long as the Vietnamese army on the front line fires a shell into China, our front line soldiers will fight back ten times. The Vietnamese army did not take the initiative to provoke, and the People's Liberation Army did not move. When dealing with Vietnamese civilians, China showed a very tolerant attitude.
Before this, Li Duan himself asked India to be an intermediary, hoping that Vietnam could surrender to China decently, but Vietnam has never given up its plan to dominate Southeast Asia, so it is not accepted by China (described in detail in the previous article). After Li Duan hit a wall, he asked the moderate representatives to send a message directly through the Vietnamese Embassy in China, hoping that Vietnam could surrender decently, but at the core he still refused to give up the full occupation of Cambodia and Laos , and was also turned away.
This time, the model essays are just trying to make the United States a middleman.The purpose of Li Duan and his group surrendering to China is simply to hope that Vietnam will not be beaten by China in the future and to gain China's support for Vietnam's invasion of Cambodia and Laos.
But China is a permanent member of the United Nations and a defender of justice. It is impossible for Vietnam to invade other countries both public and private. When the Le Duan Group’s motive for surrender is impure, it can only take a silent attitude.
Li Duan Group internal strife
Model essay Shortly after China was turned away, news came from Vietnam that Ruan Wenling may become the successor of Li Duan.
Nguyen Vinh Ling is one of the founding elders of North Vietnamese . After the death of North Vietnamese leader Ho Chi Minh , he was squeezed out of the core leadership of North Vietnam because he couldn't stand the backward actions of the Le Duan Group. He has been in charge of work in southern Vietnam for a long time. In June 1985, Le Duan transferred Nguyen Vinh Ling back to Hanoi to serve as a member of the Vietnam Politburo in the name of his contribution to economic development in southern Vietnam.
Ruan Wenling's comeback means that Li Dun's four major Vajras, Li Deshou, Fan Wentong, Long March and Ruan Xiong are no longer valued, which will inevitably arouse the dissatisfaction in the hearts of these four people.
Soon after, Li Deshou took the lead in attacking Li Duan and the Long March. On the National Day in 1985 in Vietnam, Li Duan, Fan Wentong, Long March, and Fan Xiong and all came forward, but Li Deshou was out without saying a word, and neither asked for leave nor greeted Li Duan and others. It is obvious that Li Duan doesn't take Li Duan seriously, but Li Duan has nothing to do about it.
In order to stabilize the situation and avoid being liquidated in the future, Li Duan stepped up control of the Vietnamese army and had to suspend large-scale armed provocations against China. Since then, the armed conflict on the Sino-Vietnam border has been significantly eased. In response, the "Blue Sword B Operation" planned to be implemented in early 1986 was also postponed. "Blue Sword Operation B" is not only part of China's military modernization strategy, but also an important part of the attack on Li Duan Group. The action was shelved, which can also be regarded as giving Li Duan Group enough face.
In the following days, the exhausted Le Duan died of illness on July 10, 1986, leaving a mess that was unscathed for the Vietnamese, and the plan to surrender to China was left alone. The Vietnam strategic reform plan that Le Duan was working hard to implement during her lifetime was also still in the womb. Li Deshou, Fan Wentong, Chang Zheng, Ruan Xiong and others who were originally going to resign from all positions were temporarily retained, among which Long March served as the successor of Li Duan.
After a conspiracy, no one could win. In the end, they could only face reality and re-design the rules set by Li Duan during his lifetime. All of them were withdrawn from the historical stage of Vietnam, and Ruan Wenling was in charge of the overall situation.
After Nguyen Vinh Ling took office, she began to deal with the issue of Vietnam's use of foreign troops, and China-Vietnam relations began to normalize!
