Deng Jiaxian During severe illness and hospitalization, Yang Zhenning went to visit him and asked him how much money did the country reward him for making such great contributions to the country?
Deng Jiaxian laughed and refused to answer after hearing this. In the end, it was Deng Jiaxian's lover Xu Luxi who answered him.
After hearing this, Yang Zhenning thought Xu Luxi was joking, but Xu Luxi told him that he was not joking.
So after finishing atomic bomb , hydrogen bomb , how many bonuses did Deng Jiaxian get in total?
What burdens did Deng Jiaxian shoulder in the process of developing two-bomb ?
Yang Zhenning took a photo with Deng Jiaxian, who was seriously ill,
1. Since ancient times, loyalty and filial piety cannot be achieved both
"Secretary Diao, Jiaxian's mother is critically ill, look..." One day in October 1964, Deng Jiaxian's lover Xu Luxi called the Party Secretary of the "Nine Courtyard" Diao Yunshou .
Diao Yunshou was surprised and worried after hearing this, because at this time the atomic bomb that Deng Jiaxian was responsible for was at a critical moment before launch.
Since Deng Jiaxian and a large number of scientists were transferred to study the atomic bomb in October 1958, they have been completely confidential. Since then, they have been hiding their names. Apart from the leaders in charge, even his family doesn’t know where he has gone.
The burden of the family is borne by his wife Xu Luxi alone. She knows that her husband must be an important task in national education, so no matter how difficult the family is, she never troubles the organization, but this time she has to make an exception.
Deng Jiaxian's mother was critically ill at that time and wanted to see her son before her death.
Diao Yunshou dared not make a decision on this issue. He could only say that Deng Jiaxian would definitely not be able to go back now, but once he had the chance to go back, they would immediately let it go.
has never had trouble organizing, but now is an extraordinary period. The research of atomic bomb has reached a critical moment when the arrow is on the string. They are all fighting day and night, and Deng Jiaxian is indispensable on the scene.
Xu Luxi didn't want to make the organization embarrassed and didn't say anything.
It was not until October 16, 1964, after China's first atomic bomb exploded successfully, someone gave Deng Jiaxian a plane ticket and whispered to him: "Your mother is critically ill."
When Deng Jiaxian arrived at the hospital, his mother was covered in tubes.
Deng Jiaxian rushed forward and shouted at his mother hard, but his mother did not respond at all.
Next to my mother's pillow, there is a " People's Daily " that published the " People's Daily " that successfully exploded.
Deng Jiaxian held his mother's hand hard. At this time, his mother's hand moved, perhaps because she felt that her son was back, she passed away suddenly.
At that time, Deng Jiaxian really couldn't come back, and the base really couldn't do without them.
Since November 3, 1962, Chairman Mao has issued an instruction in the report of the Second Ministry of Machinery to make an atomic bomb two years later: "Very good, do as you wish. We must work hard to do this work together." After , the atomic bomb entered the critical stage.
The Central Committee has established a 15-member Central Committee with Premier Zhou as the director, 7 vice premiers and 7 ministerial-level cadres to unify the leadership of this work across the country.
shows how much attention the central government attached to the development of the atomic bomb at that time. At the same time, it can also be expected how heavy the burden was Deng Jiaxian, the general manager of the development of the atomic bomb at that time? The most important thing in solving the atomic bomb is of course to master basic theories and key technologies. Deng Jiaxian is facing a transformation in accelerating and broadening the fields.
Under new pressure, Deng Jiaxian began to change slowly. He became more and more taciturn and began to be stunned. Once, the Party Secretary suddenly said to him: "Old Deng, no, you are not allowed to ride a bicycle again in the future. Your eyes are straight."
He always said that it would not be true, but because he thought too deeply, he fell into a ditch with a person and a car.
In this high-pressure working state, after nearly two years of working day and night, the time for the explosion of the atomic bomb finally entered the countdown.
But this was also Deng Jiaxian's most nervous moment, and he was most afraid of which link there was something wrong.
But I was the only one who was in the first few days of the nuclear test, and there was really a problem.
On that day, the rear reported that there was a problem in the calculation results and that the nuclear test should be stopped.
This news was like a bolt from the blue, and suddenly hit Deng Jiaxian's head.
He quickly took a jeep to the shaft, then went downstairs to check everything he should have inspected, and then returned to the tent to meditate.
easily stops nuclear tests, which will be a big problem, but if there is a problem with the test, the consequences will be even more unimaginable.
For this matter, Deng Jiaxian went back and forth between the well and the well for two days and two nights.
The past two days, due to nervousness, he has to go to the bathroom almost every short time.
He used various methods to calculate and verify from multiple angles, trying hard to find out a kind of evidence to prove that he could continue to experiment. After calculation of
, he believed that even if the calculation is wrong, the error will not be as large as the success of the nuclear test.
Finally, he came to the conclusion and decided: nuclear tests can be carried out as usual. The result was that the experiment was completely successful.
At 3 pm on October 16, 1964, with a huge mushroom cloud rising above Lop Nur, Xinjiang, China's first atomic bomb exploded successfully.
Deng Jiaxian's tense heart can finally be let go, but his mother has left forever.
Since ancient times, loyalty and filial piety cannot be achieved at the same time. Deng Jiaxian placed all his filial piety to his relatives on the cause of the country's atomic bomb.
2. Grind the hydrogen bomb
In fact, as early as the year before China exploded the first atomic bomb on October 16, 1964, that is, in September 1963, Deng Jiaxian and the others were ordered to turn to a higher target.
In September 1963, Marshal Nie Rongzhen ordered the entire team of the Ninth Academy Theoretical Department led by Deng Jiaxian to develop the atomic bomb to take on the theoretical design task of China's first hydrogen bomb.
In 1965, the relevant departments transferred a group of scientific research backbone forces including , Yu Min, and from the Institute of Atomic Energy to work in the Theoretical Department of the Ninth Academy.
hydrogen bomb is not what ordinary people imagine. It is enough to improve one step on the basis of manufacturing atomic bombs. This is an idea that is too far from the actual situation.
Under Chairman Mao’s instructions that “there must be an atomic bomb, and the hydrogen bomb must be fast”, Deng Jiaxian led the scientists in the Theory Department worked day and night again to explore the hydrogen bomb theoretical design plan.
They racked their brains to come up with various ideas and tricks and methods that no one knows whether it is right or wrong.
It is not an exaggeration to compare this to catching a few embroidery needles in the vast sea of night.
Under the leadership of Peng Huanwu and Deng Jiaxian, scientific and technological personnel were divided into three groups, led by Huang Zuqia, Zhou Guangzhao and Yu Min, and they went to the computer to actually calculate the possible ways to develop hydrogen bombs.
In the end, Yu Min took the lead in making a breakthrough. After Deng Jiaxian knew about it, he immediately concentrated his efforts and organized the theory department to discuss and verify it, brainstorm the hydrogen bomb theoretical design plan to improve.
In order to prove the feasibility of the plan, Deng Jiaxian even took a group of people to Shanghai and discussed the calculation day and night with Yu Min and others.
Huang Tian paid off and finally made the "Deng Yiyu Theoretical Plan" that was later called by foreigners as the development of hydrogen bombs.
Deng Jiaxian and Yu Min reported this plan to the leaders of the Second Ministry of Machinery. Vice Minister Liu Xiyao supported them to conduct cold tests immediately. Several cold tests conducted soon proved the correctness of the "Deng Yiyu Plan".
So he ended the exploration of division of troops and concentrated all his forces according to the "Deng Yiyu Plan". After
, under the direct leadership of Premier Zhou, two thermal tests were conducted on May 9, 1966 and December 28, 1966 respectively. These two thermonuclear explosion tests proved that the "Deng Yiyu Theoretical Plan" was correct.
Therefore, a 15-person Central Special Committee decided to conduct a direct test of multi-stage thermonuclear bombs.
finally successfully exploded on June 17, 1967 and my country's first hydrogen bomb.
At this time, it was only two years and eight months before the explosion of the first atomic bomb in my country was successful.
The People's Republic of China created another miracle. The time difference between making an atomic bomb to making a hydrogen bomb is much shorter than that of other nuclear powers in the world.
In other words, the strength she showed in this scientific research is at least no less than that of foreigners.
All of this is inseparable from the selfless dedication of a large number of scientists such as Deng Jiaxian.
3. "Why are you here now?"
"Why are you here now?"
In mid-July 1985, Deng Jiaxian returned to Beijing to hold a meeting on high-tech, and his wife asked him with concern how his liver was.
He felt that there was no problem with his liver, but told his wife that he had difficulty defecating and his anus was so painful that he couldn't sit down.
Xu Luxi urged him to go for a checkup. He thought that the hospital would need a little intestinal moisturizing medicine and then came back because the meeting was very nervous. Unexpectedly, after a careful examination, the doctor from 301 Hospital said the above sentence seriously to Deng Jiaxian.
"Don't leave, be hospitalized immediately." The doctor of said kindly, but his tone was firm.
But he told the doctor that he was holding a very important meeting, chaired by him and could not be hospitalized.
The doctor smiled and said to him: "This is not a conference room, this is a hospital." There is no room for negotiation. "
He immediately understood the severity of the disease.
He was hospitalized. This day was July 31, 1985.
Six days later, the live material examination surgery on August 6 was completed. General Zhang Aiping asked the doctor anxiously: "How about the biopsy? Has the cancer spread? "
Doctor said: " This, according to the routine, it will take a week to know the result. "
General Zhang was anxious and said: "I'll sit here and wait, you can take out the test results as soon as possible. "
Half an hour later, the result of frozen sections came: rectal cancer.
Four days later, on August 10, 1985, Deng Jiaxian had a major operation, the general came, the minister came, and the leaders of the Ninth Hospital also came.
Xu Luxi, who was in tears in her eyes, she herself was a professor at the Medical University. Of course, she knew the severity of cancer. The body of an elderly person seriously injured by radiation to cancer. She knew better the resistance.
But she could only wait silently outside the operating room, hoping for good news that even she couldn't believe.
The surgery was completed, but the good news that everyone expected did not come. Pathological diagnosis analysis: "The pathological nature of the tumor is low-differentiation and invasive adenocarcinoma with a high degree of malignancy. There are seven lymph nodes of rectal and , all of which have cancer metastasis... The cancer is late in the middle stage, and there are lymph nodes and surrounding tissue metastasis. Poor prognosis. "
Deng Jiaxian, who was seriously ill,
July 1985 to July 1986 was the last year of Deng Jiaxian's life.
But this year it was too difficult for him. As the condition worsened, it brought him pain, heart-wrenching pain. During
, he briefly went home to recuperate for a while But not long after, he was hospitalized again and on March 29, 1986, he had another minor surgery to get the tissues for examination because the metastasis of cancer cells was significantly accelerated.
followed by chemotherapy, but even while doing chemotherapy, he was still concerned about the development of nuclear weapon in our country. While doing chemotherapy, he was also writing a proposal to the central government on the development of nuclear weapons in our country. When he wrote the proposal, he Started chemotherapy and dripped the medicine into the blood vessels. It took several hours to treat it at a time. He could only lie down or sit down, looking at the materials while doing the treatment.
Xu Luxi, who was sitting next to him, kept gently wiping him with his head sweat .
At this time, the ward actually became his office. During the gaps during the two treatments, he often sat on the rubber ring and modified it at his desk.
Finally, relying on perseverance to endure the torture of the illness, he finally revised the manuscript of the proposal.
This is the last concern of a scientist near the end of his life for the motherland.
The proposal is still top secret.
1986 On May 16, 1986, Deng Jiaxian underwent the second major operation to clear the area where the cancer tumor invaded to reduce pain and delay the development of the disease.
However, the doctor saw on the operating table that the cancerous tissue had invaded the key points that scalpel could not reach.
After the second operation, his pain became more and more severe.
Once he said to his family: "It hurts like stabbing with a pig's knife."
Every time he hurts, he sweats endlessly, but he never yells, at most he just hums a few times.
When the pain is relieved, he often recalls other people's strengths and contributions, especially the victims he has worked with for a long time.
He said to others: " Professor Guo Yonghuai died too early! If he were there, our laser accelerator would have been made a few years earlier!"
He also said: " Qian Jin died miserably, and he made great contributions, but he was a little less famous at the time. Otherwise, it would not be..."
He often mentioned who mainly solved a certain problem, and who also solved it.
In the later period, he always mentioned the comrades and friends he worked with, probably because he missed the time he worked with them very much.
Deng Jiaxian, who was seriously ill,
In the later period, Deng Jiaxian rarely talked about work.
His health is getting worse and worse, and he is so weak that he gets out of bed and walks a few steps, so he is sweating all over, so he has someone to accompany him and take care of him day and night.
Deng Jiaxian's condition is getting worse day by day. The country needs such talents too much, but everyone can do nothing.
On July 15, 1986, when acting Premier Wan Li visited Deng Jiaxian in the hospital, he told him that the State Council decided to award him the title of National Model Worker , which was the first national model worker during the Seventh Five-Year Plan .
Two days later, Vice Premier Li Peng came to the ward to award him the medal and certificate of national model workers.
Li Peng said to him: "The Party and the country are very grateful to you for your contributions to the nuclear industry and nuclear weapons over the past few decades. What you said is right. This cause is of course the cause of millions of people. However, we also fully estimate your contribution to this nuclear weapons cause."
Deng Jiaxian took double painkillers, expressed his gratitude to the Party and the country in an effort, and sincerely expressed his most realistic view.
He said: "The nuclear weapons industry can only be successful by the efforts of thousands of people. I just did some of the work I should do, and I can only be a representative."
A week later, Deng Jiaxian fell seriously ill and fell into a coma.
Five days later, on July 29, 1986, Deng Jiaxian finally passed away due to heavy bleeding throughout his body.
He left his last words: has no regrets.
Accept the medals and certificates of national model workers
4. How much bonus did Yang Zhenning get?
Deng Jiaxian and Yang Zhenning are fellow villagers, and the two families are family friends. The friendship between fathers and sons is inherited.
When Deng Jiaxian was admitted to the National Southwest University, Yang Zhenning was already in the third year of university. At school, the two often discussed their studies together. Deng Jiaxian received direct guidance from Yang Zhenning in mathematics and physics.
At that time, Deng Jiaxian said to his sister: "Brother Zhenning is my extracurricular teacher." After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War , Yang Zhenning went to the United States to study. Two years later, Deng Jiaxian also passed the postgraduate entrance examination in the United States. Yang Zhenning gave him pertinent guidance in choosing a school.
On August 29, 1950, after obtaining a doctorate in the United States, Deng Jiaxian and more than 100 scholars studying in the United States returned to the motherland after going through hardships, and since then he lost contact with Yang Zhenning for a long time.
In the autumn of 1950, he secretly participated in the development of China's first atomic bomb, and since then he has hidden his identity and isolated himself from the world.
With the successful development of the two bombs more than ten years later, Deng Jiaxian was therefore called the "Two bomb hero".
In the summer of 1971, after 22 years of separation, Yang Zhenning and Deng Jiaxian met in Beijing.
Just got off the plane and had a short rest in the VIP room, the foreign affairs reception staff asked Yang Zhenning to list the list of friends he wanted to meet.
In Beijing, the first person he wants to meet is Deng Jiaxian!
Deng Jiaxian and Yang Zhenning brothers
Yang Zhenning asked Deng Jiaxian: Is aided by American scientists in China to study the atomic bomb?
Deng Jiaxian did not answer him immediately, but instead paid tribute to Yang Zhenning when he was about to return to the United States, he wrote him a letter: "Whether it is an atomic bomb or a hydrogen bomb, it is developed by the Chinese themselves."
Yang Zhenning immediately left the seat and hid aside, shedding tears.
After Deng Jiaxian was seriously ill and was hospitalized for treatment, Yang Zhenning returned to China twice in May and June 1986 to visit Deng Jiaxian. Deng Jiaxian was very happy to see his old friend and even forgot about his illness.
At that time, Deng Jiaxian had won many grand prizes because of his outstanding achievements. Therefore, many people asked him how much bonus he had received, and even Yang Zhenning was not immune to the common sense. He also asked Deng Jiaxian this question during the visit.
Deng Jiaxian smiled but did not answer Yang Zhenning's question. It was his lover Xu Luxi who answered Yang Zhenning: "RMB 10."
At this time, Deng Jiaxian added: "Atomic bomb 10 yuan, hydrogen bomb 10 yuan."
Yang Zhenning thought they were joking, but Xu Luxi replied that it was not a joke.
In 1985, the state awarded the atomic bomb special prize, with the total prize of 10,000 yuan. The unit was evenly distributed, and everyone had a share. Because Deng Jiaxian's Ninth Hospital was home to a large number of people, each with 10 yuan, but there was not enough share. In the end, the unit raised 100,000 yuan, and it was issued at three levels: 10 yuan, 5 yuan and 3 yuan.
This is the bonus that Deng Jiaxian won for studying the "two bombs". From the current perspective, he really likes it.
But they are all at ease and still work hard with peace of mind!
There is another person to be mentioned here, that is Qian Xuesen .
Since Qian Xuesen returned to China, his monthly salary has been only 333.16 yuan in 30 years.
But he never felt that his salary was less, and the country treated him unfairly.
In 1994, Qian Xuesen won the He Liang Heli Foundation Award with a bonus of 1 million yuan. In 2001, he won the Ho Ying-dong "Science and Technology Achievement Lifetime Award", with a bonus of 1 million yuan. Before these two bonus checks were obtained, Qian asked his secretary Tu Yuanji to write a letter of attorney and donate the money to the country's western desert governance cause.
After donating, Comrade Qian Xuesen said: "My surname is Qian, but I don't love Qian."
Deng Jiaxian took a photo with Qian Xuesen
This is our older generation scientist.
An old saying: "Civil officials do not love money, and military generals do not fear death" . With this state, why worry about not prospering in the country!
