survives nuclear strike : How to find shelter, what you need to know about nuclear weapon and whether it is possible to survive an attack?
September 21, Russian President Putin in a TV speech warned countries that ransomware of Moscow with nuclear weapons. According to the president, they “should know that the wind rise can turn in their direction.” Later, U.S. Secretary of State Anthony Blinken said that the United States had made direct contact with Russia on the nuclear threat . According to him, Washington has an action plan in the case of nuclear weapons. In the face of growing tensions, one should know how to survive a nuclear strike.
The first nuclear explosion device was tested in the United States in July 1945. In August, the Americans dropped the atomic bomb " little boy " and " fat " in the city of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan. In 1949, the Soviet Union conducted a nuclear weapon test. Twelve years later, at the Sukhoinos training ground, the Soviet Union's AN602 bomb, known as the Tsar bomb , was tested. The measured power of its explosion is 58.6 megatons. This makes the AN602 the most powerful explosive device in human history. The flash of the Tsarist bomb explosion is visible within a distance of more than 1,000 kilometers.
Since then, both countries have established their own arsenals, expanding the capabilities of nuclear weapons and their delivery tools. The country's nuclear trinity includes intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), nuclear missile submarine and strategic aviation. The main siloed intercontinental ballistic missile in the United States is still the LGM-30G Militia III with a range of up to 13,000 kilometers. The U.S. Navy's submarine carries the ballistic missile UGM-133A Trident II (D5). Among the U.S. nuclear trinity is the B-52 stratosphere fortress and the B-2 "Ghost" bomber.
Beautiful scene after the explosion of Nagasaki nuclear weapons
According to data from the American Federation of Scientists , by early 2022, there will be more than 12,700 warheads in the world. About 90% of the world's nuclear weapons are stored in Russia and the United States. Scientists at Rutgers University in New Jersey predict the consequences of a total war between Russia and the United States. Researchers believe that the use of nuclear weapons can release 165 million tons of soot into the atmosphere, triggering the beginning of nuclear winter.
Nuclear War is possible?
The proliferation, use and testing of nuclear weapons is monitored by United Nations . In 1968, the organization signed the " Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons". First, the treaty prohibits nuclear powers from transferring their weapons and their means of manufacturing to other countries. In addition, the document guarantees the security of a nuclear-weapon-free state: If a nuclear attack is carried out on a nuclear-weapon-free state, the permanent members of the nuclear-weapon-owned Security Council must immediately repel the aggression.
Since 1996, a treaty banning nuclear weapons testing has come into effect. Under its provisions, States are prohibited from testing nuclear weapons in any environment, including outer space. Therefore, the risk of nuclear war is minimized, but it is increasingly talked about recently.
The US nuclear doctrine published in 2018 pointed out that the United States expands its nuclear potential will prevent Russia from using nuclear weapons. The authors of the doctrine argue that Russia and China’s new nuclear weapons challenge the U.S. military superiority in the Pacific.
Dangers of nuclear weapons
Nuclear explosion has three mechanisms of destruction: shock wave, flash of visible light and infrared radiation, and gamma ray . The nuclear explosion of the bomb or missile warhead that overcomes the missile defense system is in units of thousands of tons and million tons TNT equivalent . For example, on the thermonuclear bomb B61, its carrier is a US B-2 "spirit" bomber, which can install charges with a capacity of 0.3 to 170 thousand tons.
It is believed that an explosion with a capacity of 20 kilotons can produce a total damage zone of about one kilometer, and the maximum glow can cause combustion, and an explosion with medium power (10-100 kilotons) lasts for up to 0.3 seconds.The area affected by light radiation has a temperature of 7700 degrees, which is considered to be the smallest and most destructive.
April 1953 nuclear bomb test
is it possible that it will survive the nuclear attack?
Although the nuclear explosion is powerful and destructive, it is still possible to survive in the affected areas. Therefore, Eizo Nomura, a resident of Hiroshima , survived the explosion, and he was at the center of the explosion: a Japanese man who lived to be 84 years old saved the basement of a normal house. As a result of the bombing, Kiko Takakura, who was 300 meters away from the epicenter, also managed to survive. She was saved because she was in the hall of a heavily guarded building in Japan Bank . The story of
Eizo and Kiko was later used in the United States to make the promotional comic "Duck and the Cover". Its purpose was to inform citizens of their protection methods in the event of a nuclear attack, mainly the Soviet Union. Therefore, it is very important to take correct action in a nuclear attack.
What to do when a nuclear strike occurs
It is believed that modern early warning systems allow alarms to be started half an hour before the attack, but when medium-range missiles are used, the attack becomes known minutes before the attack. After notification, you should go to the nearest air raid shelter and go down to the basement of the subway or apartment building.
Civil Defense Defence Structure located in Moscow
If for some reason there is no time, then when you see a flash (the shock wave travels slowly than the flash), you should fall face down and cover your head with a backpack or hood - it is important to leave the smallest open area of your body. This will avoid severe burns . Dense cotton or wool fabrics protect against light radiation. It is important to remember that photosynthesis can melt under the influence of light radiation. If the flash draws you behind the steering wheel, you need to stop the car and bend under the window line.
You can also enter the nearest building and take shelter at the corners of the building or in the folds of the area, which prevents light radiation and shock waves. At the same time, shopping malls and office buildings with large glass areas should be avoided. The most durable civil buildings are considered block-like and monolithic houses. Survivors of
explosions should be protected from radioactive dust - this will help wipes and medical masks that can be replaced with wet fabric products. It is important to immediately wipe the exposed areas of the body and protect the skin surface. In a building with surviving glass, it is far enough from the epicenter that it is necessary to seal the gaps between door and window openings and ventilation holes.
How to escape radiation
In order to prevent or weaken the impact of radioactive substance on the human body, it is recommended:
1. Wear a respirator, raincoat, rubber boots and gloves to go out;
2. It does not include bathing, smoking, picking berries and mushrooms;
3. Before entering the room, thoroughly clean shoes and clothes;
4. Moisturize the area near the house and use detergent for daily wet cleaning.
How to find the nearest air raid shelter
In Russia, a complete air raid shelter network has been established, which may have hundreds of them in big cities. However, publishing this data on the Internet is prohibited because the information about the location of these objects is state secret. There are lists and maps of air raid shelters on the network, but they may be inaccurate and irrelevant.
The most reliable way is to contact the local civil defense and emergency training and consultation centers provided by each region. They are usually located in the district council. Here, residents can get a list of air raid shelters closest to their homes and be directed in an emergency. However, a complete list of protection structures will not be published here.
In addition, air raid shelters are often located in national security agencies, hospitals and shopping centers. When applying for a job, the employee will receive a briefing, during which time he is informed of the nearest air raid shelter (if any).
Even if residents of the settlement do not know the address of the nearest air raid shelter, in an emergency, alerts will be issued on all available channels: TV, radio, text messages, external sound alarms.Therefore, people will be sent to the nearest shelter.
