In 2020, TSMC announced that it would invest at least US$12 billion to build a 5nm wafer factory in the United States. Two days ago, Samsung also announced that it would spend US$17 billion to build a factory in the United States. The two companies invested a total of US$29 billion, nearly RMB200 billion, and the investment is not small.
There has been a common argument in the industry to build semiconductor factories in the United States - the cost is much higher than that in Asia. TSMC has been reluctant to build factories in the United States before last year, and said it should consider three major factors: conforming to economic effects, having advantages in cost, and having complete personnel and supply chains.
has been evaluated before, and believes that the cost of TSMC's factory building in the United States is frighteningly high compared to that in Taiwan, and the infrastructure construction cost alone is more than 6 times, because the labor cost of American workers is 30% higher and the production efficiency is inefficient.
For Samsung, this problem cannot be avoided, but Samsung has also obtained tax incentives from local government departments. The United States agreed to give Samsung a 92.5% discount, with a term of up to 10 years.
The problem is here, why do Samsung and TSMC have to build factories in the United States when they are staring at the huge cost pressure? The latest news says that although there are semiconductor factories such as Intel and GF in the United States, TSMC, Samsung and others have advantages in advanced processes and higher production capacity. , TSMC, one of them accounts for 24% of the global semiconductor production, which is of great importance.
Now the semiconductor production capacity in the United States only accounts for 12% of the world. The United States can only put pressure on TSMC, Samsung and other companies to build factories in the United States to increase the proportion of localized production. After all, these two companies cannot disobey the requirements of the United States.
However, even if the United States requires semiconductor manufacturing to return, TSMC founder Zhang Zhongmou is still not optimistic about the United States' approach, believing that even if the United States spends more funds, it is impossible to establish a complete local semiconductor supply chain. From a financial perspective, this approach is also undesirable.
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