Leaf victimization: Leave gray spots between the veins and can be linked into pieces, the leaves are rolled up, the heart leaves cannot spread, the plant is short, stunted, or "headless seedlings" are formed, which are like virus diseases, with gray-brown or black-brown hair, the

1. Melon thrips

Hazard characteristics:

is widely distributed, mainly harming melons, Solanaceae and legume vegetables.

is mainly the juice of adults and nymphs that absorb the tender shoots, tender leaves, flowers and young melons. The tender leaves and tender tips are killed: they become hard and shrink, and grow together. Leaf victimization: Leave gray spots between the veins and can be linked into pieces, the leaves are rolled up, the heart leaves cannot spread, the plant is short, stunted, or "headless seedlings" are formed, which are like virus diseases, with gray-brown or black-brown hair, the plant grows slowly, and the internodes are shortened. Young melons suffer: deformity, which causes fallen melons in severe cases, affecting yield and quality.

Prevention and control methods:

① Timely clean the fallen leaves of the remaining plants in the field; remove wild Solanaceae plants near melon fields; adjust the sowing period, sow early and seedlings in spring to avoid peak harm; use nutritional bowls to breed seedlings to strengthen water and fertilizer management and promote plant growth; use mulch covering; blue plates to lure adults.

② When 2 to 3 leaves of melon seedlings in summer and autumn start to check insects in the field. When there are 2 to 3 insects in each seedling, the following insecticides can be selected for prevention and control: 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 1000 times solution, or 3% acetamin emulsion 500 times solution, or 1.8% avermectin emulsion 1000 times solution, 25% thiamethoxam wettable powder 2000~3000 times solution.

2. Melon aphid

Hazard characteristics:

mainly harms melons, and harms vegetables such as Solanaceae, Legume, Crusogenaceae , Asteraceae and other vegetables.

adult insects and nymphs suck plant juice on the back of the leaves and on the tender tissues, causing the leaves to curl and deform, the plant to grow poorly, and die in severe cases; old leaves are aging and falling in advance, shortening the time for melon cropping, resulting in reduced yield; the honeydew excreted can induce the occurrence of moldy and pollution diseases, affecting the photosynthesis of leaves; in addition, melon aphids also spread a variety of viral diseases, causing harm far exceeding the aphid damage itself.

Prevention and treatment methods:

① After the vegetables are harvested, clean the leaves of the residual plants in time; use the high-temperature silence method to eliminate insect sources in the greenhouse; set up silver-gray plastic film to avoid aphids and prevent diseases; use yellow boards to lure and kill; protect and utilize natural enemies of aphids in the field, such as releasing tobacco aphids during the initial stage of aphids.

② The following agents can be selected: 5% imidacloprid emulsion 1200-2000 times solution, or 10% acetaminami 4000-6000 times solution, or 25% thiamethoxam aqueous dispersion granules 2000-2000 times solution.

3. Red Spider

Hazard characteristics:

mainly includes cinnabar spider mites and 2-spot spider mites, which occur all over the country, mainly harming melons, cotton, corn, beans, etc.

uses adult mites and mites to spin silk and suck the plant juice under the mesh. When there are 1 to 2 spider mites on the back of a leaf, yellow and white spots appear on the front of the leaf; when there are 4 to 5 heads, red spots appear until the whole leaf is scorched and falls off, and the plant is prematurely aging, causing the bell to fall off, seriously affecting yield and quality.

Prevention and control methods:

① Concentrated removal of weeds on the edge of the fields and the ground to reduce the breeding sites of spider mites; in the weather is dry, rational irrigation increases humidity; protect and utilize natural enemies.

② If red spider tablets are found, dots should be immediately prevented and treated. The following agents can be selected: 2.5% bifenthrin emulsion 1500 times solution, or 1.8% avermectin emulsion 3000 times solution, or 10% avermectin emulsion 1500 times solution. Large water volume and low concentration, break through the mite net, spray carefully on the back of the leaves, spray once every 7 to 10 days, spray 2 to 3 times in a row to achieve better prevention effects.

4. Greenhouse whiteflies

Hazard characteristics:

is harmful to melons, beans, and eggplant fruits. The damage loss reaches 1/3, and in severe cases it can reach 70%.

Adults and nymphs gather on the back of the leaves to suck plant juice, and the leaves are green, yellowed, wilted, and even the entire plant dies; and secrete a large amount of honeydew, contaminating the leaves and fruits, leading to the occurrence of coal pollution diseases, resulting in reduced yields and reducing the value of vegetable commodities; it can also spread virus diseases.

Prevention and treatment methods:

① Plant vegetables such as celery, garlic and yellow garlic that whiteflies do not like to eat in the first batch of whiteflies, which are relatively low-temperature-resistant vegetables such as celery and garlic yellow that are not popular in the greenhouse; avoid mixing cucumbers, tomatoes, and vegetables and beans; thoroughly smoke and kill residual whiteflies before seedlings, clean up weeds and residues, add nylon yarn in the vent to control external insect sources, and cultivate "worm-free seedlings"; set up yellow boards in the greenhouse to lure adults; artificial breeding can be released and other natural enemies such as aphids .

②2.5% bifenthrin emulsion oil 1500-3000 times solution, or 25% thiazine halide water dispersing granules 4500-6000 times solution, or 10% bromocamide dispersible oil suspension agent 1500-1800 times solution, or 20% acetaminine solution 9000-13000 times solution.

5, Guagua

Hazard characteristics:

mainly includes three types: Huangshougua, Huangshougua, and Blackshougua. It is widely distributed, and is harmful to melons, Crusogeneae, Solanaceae, Legua family and sunflower, citrus, peach, pear, apple, Pure Tree and Mulberry Tree , etc.

Adult insects are harmful to leaves, tender stems, flowers and fruits. When feeding leaves, rotate and bite them around the body as the center, and then feed them in circles, leaving several dry rings or semi-ringed food marks or round holes remaining on the leaves. The larvae are mainly harmful to the roots, and the larvae before the second instar are mainly harmful to the fine roots. The larvae above the third instar eats the main roots, causing the entire melon seedling to die; it can also be edible into the fruits and melons near the ground to cause rot, which seriously affects yield and quality.

Prevention and control methods:

① After the seedlings are unearthed, cover them with a gauze net, and sprinkle early spring vegetables such as amaranth, sunflower, and sow vegetables around them. Before removing the gauze net, pull out some early spring vegetables near the melon seedlings, sprinkle a layer of wood ash, wood chips or rice husks to prevent adults from laying eggs; early planting of melon seedlings, before the wintering and adults are in full bloom, plant melon seedlings at 4 to 5 real leaves to reduce the harm of adults.

② Early planting of melon seedlings, before the wintering adult insects are on the rise, the following insecticides can be selected for prevention and control: 10% cyanthrin emulsion 1500-3000 times solution, or 20% cyanopromethrin emulsion 2000 times solution, or 10% cis cyanthrin emulsion 1000 times solution spray. To prevent and control larvae, use 1000-2000 times solution of 48% chlorpyrifos emulsion; 1000-2000 times solution of 90% crystal worms, and irrigate the roots to water.

Hazard characteristics:

has yellow wide strips and nail jump, yellow straight strip jump, yellow curve jump, and yellow narrow strip jump. It is widely distributed, mainly harmful to melons, cruciferous vegetables, eggplant fruits and beans.

Both adults and larvae can cause harm. Adults bite the leaves, causing many small holes, especially the tender part, which often causes the seedlings to stop growing and even the whole plant to die. When larvae damage the roots, they borer the epidermis of the vegetable roots into many curved insect paths, bite off the fibrous roots, causing some leaves on the ground to turn yellow and wilt and die. And can spread soft rot.

Prevention and control methods:

① Choose insect-resistant varieties; remove leaves from residual plants in the vegetable field, and eliminate weeds; deeply cultivate the soil before sowing; lay mulch film to avoid adults laying eggs on the roots; it is recommended to use insect-proof nets, choose disease-free seedlings, and try to avoid continuous cropping with cruciferous vegetables.

②5% rotenone solution solution 300-400 times, or 25% thiamethoxam water dispersing granules 4000-6000 times, or 45% malathion emulsion 550-750 times, or 10% pyramidin microemulsion 1200-1500 times.

. American spotted fly

Hazard characteristics:

larvae are harmful to eat meat and eat leaves, forming a snake-shaped curved tunnel that changes from thin to wider on the leaves, commonly known as "ghost painting talisman". It starts white and then turns into rust color. Some of them also have wet black fine line feces in the white tunnel; when there are many larvae, the leaves are dried to death by the flower in a short time. The adult stabs the host leaves with an egg-laying device, forming small white spots, and feeds juice and lays eggs.

Prevention and control methods:

① Before planting vegetables in early spring and autumn, thoroughly remove the broken leaves and weeds inside and outside the vegetable fields, and burn them in a concentrated manner to reduce insect sources; before planting, turn the vegetable fields deeply and bury them alive to the ground; yellow boards lure them to kill them.

② The following agents can be selected for prevention and treatment: 31% Avirmectin suspension agent 2000-3000 times, or 1.8% Avirmectin emulsion solution 150-750 times, or 80% Avirmectin water dispersing granules 3000-4000 times, or 10% Bermocyanamide dispersible oil suspension agent 3000-4000 times.

Hazard characteristics:

widely distributed and can harm melons, tomatoes, eggplant, cotton, mulberry, hibiscus, etc., and are the main pests of melons.

Young larvae eat the flesh on the back of the leaves, which is gray-white. After 3 instar, they spin silk and conjugate the leaves or tender tips, and hide in them to feed, resulting in perforation or truncation of leaves, and only leaves veins are left in severe cases; larvae often gets into melons, flowers or vines, affecting yield and quality.

Prevention and control methods:

① Timely clean the melon field and eliminate the insect pupa hiding in the fallen leaves of the dead vines; in the early stage of larvae, remove the rolled leaves in time; advocate the use of insect-proof nets; use borer yellow red-eyed wasp, etc. to prevent and control.

② Prevent and control melon silk borer and treat yellow shougua, the following pesticides can be used for prevention and control: 10% cypermethrin emulsion 1500-3000 times solution, or 20% cyanopromethrin emulsion 2000 times solution, or 10% cis cypermethrin emulsion 1000 times solution spray, or 10% cypermethrin emulsion 1000 times solution dispersible oil suspension agent 3000-4000 times solution.

9, whitefly

Hazard characteristics:

whitefly includes B whitefly and Q whitefly, which are harmful to melons, cotton, tobacco, tomato, cassava, cruciferous vegetables, legumes, Solanaceae, Malvaceae and other plants.

% nymphs suck plant juice, causing the victim leaves to fade, wilt or die, causing the plant to become physically disordered, and the plants to be thin; and secrete a large amount of honeydew, causing coal pollution disease, causing production reduction and reducing the value of vegetables; and can spread viral diseases.

Prevention and control methods:

① Pay attention to arranging the sprockets and reasonable layout. Do not mix melons, beans and solanaceae crops in greenhouses and greenhouses. If conditions permit, interplant them with celery, leeks, garlic, garlic, etc. to prevent the spread of whiteflies; cultivate insect-free seedlings, separate the seedling bed and production greenhouse when growing seedlings, thoroughly disinfect them before growing seedlings. When there are insects on the seedlings, clean them before planting, so that the seedlings used for planting are free of insects; use aphids, etc. to prevent and control them.

②2.5% bifenthrin emulsion oil 1500-3000 times solution, or 25% thiazine hydrodispersing granules 4500-6000 times solution, or 22% fluoridinyl 2500-4000 times solution, or 10% bromocamide suspension 1000-1500 times solution.

This article is from the Internet and is for reference only. In practice, you must consult local experienced agricultural technology experts based on local actual situation and consult with local experienced agricultural technology experts!

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