When it comes to Apple , what will everyone think of?
is a technology company that changes the world and is at the forefront? It's still very awesome in the past, but now there are fewer surprises in the toothpaste factory .
There may be a thousand Hamlets in the heart of a reader, but when it comes to it, everyone may not believe it. In addition to the tags that everyone is familiar with, Apple also has a title in the industry.
That is: supply chain master.
In layman's terms, from purchasing raw materials to sending things to users, the information flow, logistics, capital flow and other things generated along the way form the supply chain.
And Apple's supply chain management level and supply chain influence have always been at the top level in the industry.
Today, negative reviews will not introduce or evaluate a specific Apple product.
is preparing to take advantage of the popularity of Apple's new phone launches recently. talks about how strong Apple is and how powerful it is from the perspective of everyone's unfamiliar with the supply chain.
Those who love to dress up their mobile phones and computers must know whether the performance of the machine is strong or not. We can get a specific score, and you can see it at a glance by comparing it on the ladder list. (Of course, many times the scores are for reference only)
And in the supply chain field, there is also a similar ladder list, that is Gartner's global supply chain list.
list mainly evaluates ESG (environmental, social, corporate governance), return on physical assets, revenue growth, inventory flow and peer opinions.
For example, among the top 25 this year, Cisco , Colgate , and Johnson & Johnson are respectively ranked in the top three.
See this, there will definitely be a bad friend asking, didn’t you say that Apple’s supply chain capabilities are top in the world? Why are all 20 out of this list? I can’t see the shadow of Apple’s !
bad reviews are not trying to harm everyone, is because it is superior to these top 25 companies, and there is also an existence called "Supply Chain Master List".
Because its strength is too outrageous and detrimental to fairness, "Masters" will not be included in the top 25 selections. The rules for
to be selected as the "Master List" are quite strict, that is, in the past ten years, there have been at least seven years of comprehensive scores to be qualified for the selection. It can be said that they are the strongest among the strong.
Among them, Apple's selection was that it has ranked first in the scoring list for seven consecutive years and was shortlisted for the "Supply Chain Master List" for ten consecutive years. . .
Everyone knows it, and many times, the things that run scores and rankings are really fun. But Apple's supply chain control ability is not a paper fake, because it is reflected in all aspects.
is first reflected in the control of inventory. Among them, Apple is the leader in the industry to play the "Just In Time" (referred to as JIT on time production) model. The
JIT model was first implemented by Toyota , allowing Toyota to survive the first energy crisis in the last century .
To put it simply, JIT is different from the previous model of producing first and then looking for consumers.
Instead, first buy just enough raw materials according to the needs of consumers, and then ensure smooth logistics. After producing the goods, they will be delivered to customers, so that as little inventory is pressed in the warehouse can be as low as possible. . .
In the words of "The Legend of Cook", it means: We must deliver the product directly from the manufacturing process to consumers.
After all, the backlog of inventory means that funds cannot be quickly recovered, and warehousing costs must be borne, etc. (In the early years, Apple had a lesson that it was on the verge of bankruptcy due to excessive inventory)
And in order to speed up the circulation of the entire inventory, Apple is one of the few manufacturers that use aircraft to transport electronic products.
Because they want to squeeze the airplane's storage space, in addition to making the packaging smaller and smaller (it is smaller after not sending the charging head), they also created this trapezoidal packaging box for iMac so that the box can be squeezed out again.
During the epidemic, in order to ensure the circulation of logistics, Apple also rented more than 200 private jets to transport goods. . .
Under this set of mode, the inventory turnover days of Apple is controlled at about 7 days, and means that it only takes 7 days for a product to enter Apple's warehouse to sell.
far exceeds the industry's time for several months.
In the words of Cook , it means: inventory is the evil of being destined and the most natural.
And behind the successful production and sale of two bowls of water at the same time, what is indispensable is Apple's control over the entire link.
Apple invested in SAP (SiAipu )'s most advanced enterprise resource planning (ERP) system very early, and the application of this system successfully opened up the entire supply chain of Apple.
From the raw materials end to the orders placed by customers on the official website, Apple knows everything.
And this system has almost become a classic case that must be discussed in university business courses.
In addition to the ultimate pursuit of inventory, Apple's supply chain strength is also reflected in its great impact on supply chain manufacturers.
Zhu Jizhi, who once served as the vice president of Ketong Xincheng , once said that Apple must participate in the research and development of components, production and manufacturing process. Moreover, they do not allow the so-called " black box ", and the overbearing Apple of has to completely control all links.
Sometimes the OEM factory does not have the ability to produce the things Apple wants, and Apple even buys CNC machine tools directly and sends them to the OEM factory.
According to the data from "First Financial ", among the various Apple production lines of Foxconn , 2 to 50% of the equipment is given by Apple.
In addition, Apple is also very strict in the details of technology and quality control.
AAC, which has supplied acoustic components to Apple, revealed that on the AAC Apple production line, the software, computers, and ERP systems are all given by Apple. If there is a small mistake in some place, Apple will immediately send remote emails.
And they have to wait until Apple opens the permission before they have the right to view it. In addition, more than 20 Apple engineers took turns to assist them in solving problems.
For example, Corning Gorilla , you should have heard of it. Gorilla Glass has almost become synonymous with the solid screen of mobile phones.
But just when other manufacturers are still rushing for the first launch, using Corning Glass as the selling point.
Apple has developed it with Corning, and has produced the super magnetic crystal protective glass that was used on iPhone 12 last year. It is said to be 4 times stronger than ordinary glass.
Of course, this glass, which sounds mysterious, is currently exclusive to Apple, and other manufacturers can't buy it even if they want to.
As the saying goes, strict teachers produce high disciples.
also because of Apple's domineering and strict training, many manufacturers that have cooperated with Apple will also grow a lot.
Everyone will also show off that they are a member of Apple's supply chain manufacturer to show their strength.
industry will also look up to these manufacturers at a glance, and therefore, there is a saying of Apple concept stocks. It’s no wonder some media called this Cinderella married into a wealthy family.
Like Luxshare Precision entered the fruit chain in 2012. Starting from the production of data connectors, revenue has increased by 90 times in about ten years. (This year Luxshare Precision also solved the production capacity problem of Apple's new panel panels)
Like Luxshare Precision, there are 45 Apple supply chain companies that support a market value of 2.6 trillion yuan. (Equivalent to six or seven Baidu )
and these fruit chain companies have also made the national mobile phone market prosperous to some extent.
Because of Luxshare Precision, BYD , Lens Technology and other fruit chain companies, they have now grown into an important supply chain member of Huawei , OV and other manufacturers.
But on the other hand, adding the fruit chain does not mean rest assured, because Apple often kicks out some suppliers that do not meet the requirements.
Last year, Apple removed 34 suppliers from around the world, the most representative of which was Ofilm.
Offilu originally provided lens modules for Apple, and 30% of the company's revenue comes from Apple's orders. After
was kicked out of the fruit chain this year, the entire company's net profit for most of the year was only more than 30 million yuan, a decrease of 93% from last year. . .
Look at the stock price of Ofilm, you can probably guess what happened to it in the year.
Because the light of apple is too dazzling, there are actually many fruit chain companies that rely too much on Apple like Ofilm.
Therefore, many people call fruit chains drinking poisonous wine. It is just a small decision by Apple, and it is likely that they will die without a place to die.
For example, the United States' sapphire furnace manufacturer is extremely advanced and has taken over the order for Apple sapphire screens. As soon as the news came out, Jite Advanced stock price doubled in that year, and they immediately took out a loan to build more factories.
But who would have thought that the yield rate did not meet the requirements? Apple changed its mind and replaced the sapphire screen back to the glass screen.
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Because of Apple's product upgrade, Shenghua Technology, a touch screen manufacturer in Taiwan, is also the same story.
As the largest touch screen supplier of iPhone 4, Shenghua Technology believes that the order for iPhone 5 will definitely be won.
As a result, Apple chose a new technology, and Shenghua Technology was forced to break up with Apple. Due to a broken capital chain, Shenghua Technology finally went bankrupt and reorganized and was acquired by Lens Technology.
It is precisely because of the lesson that many fruit chain companies are now transforming and want to expand their business.
, for example, 70% of the revenue comes from Apple's Luxshare Precision. In the past two years, it has been entering automobile manufacturing. Lens Technology is also strengthening its technical accumulation in automotive windshields.
After all, no one wants to be called the next Ofilm or Shenghua Technology.
In general, as a unique existence in the supply chain field, Apple's supply chain management capabilities are worthy of attention and learning from all companies.
's strict management and high requirements for supply chain manufacturers have also driven the development of a large number of industries.
But what I want to say is that it is precisely because of Apple's huge influence on the industrial chain that we must be particularly careful about Apple's dependence.
You think you and the apple are grasshoppers on the same rope, but you don’t know that you are indeed a grasshopper, and the apple is that rope.
Otherwise, the ending is likely to be the same as Shenghua and extremely advanced. that is: success and failure are Apple.
