On June 7, 2020, Liu Shaoqi's eldest daughter and associate professor of the Department of Foreign Languages of the People's Police University of China passed away. Before her death, 93-year-old Liu Aiqin repeatedly instructed her descendants not to go into politics. This woman who longs to live an ordinary life has been wandering for half her life because of her extraordinary life experience, and has experienced all the sufferings of life, but her inner wounds have never truly healed.
Liu Aiqin was born in the difficult years of the early days of the Great Revolution. She experienced many hardships at the end of her life. After meeting her father at the age of 11, all she experienced in her life were still full of hardships.
1949, when she was studying in Moscow, she married her Spanish lover Fernando. She was forced to break up due to the opposition of her father and brother. After Liu Aiqin returned to China with her father, she insisted on giving birth to her son in her womb and named her "Suosuo", which was the same as the first pronunciation of her lover's surname.
During the catastrophe, her father and younger brother were imprisoned, her elder brother committed suicide, and her husband left her, which almost made Liu Baoqin lose the motivation to survive. In the end, her parents' experiences and tenacity in her bones gave her the courage to survive.
In 1979, Liu Aiqin was rehabilitated and returned to Beijing. Later, she married her third husband, Wo Baotian, who was 3 years younger, and ended her 20-year single life. After a long period of setbacks and hardships, Liu Aiqin, who was over 50 years old, finally lived the civilian life she longed for for a long time.
Recalling her father in her later years, she said many times that I will never regret being Liu Shaoqi's daughter, but if the chairman's child has to sacrifice a lot of happiness, it is better to be a commoner's daughter.
1. Born in turbulent years, he was given away when he was born. He used to be a child bride for 4 years
Liu Aiqin's mother is He Baozhen, and she is a poor student with extraordinary ambitions.
1922, He Baozhen, who helped Mao Zedong do secretarial work in Changsha, met Liu Shaoqi, who had just returned from Moscow. The two knew each other during the Anyuan general strike. After the victory of the general strike, in the spring of 1923, Liu Shaoqi and He Baozhen held a wedding in Anyuan.
Liu Shaoqi
After marriage, they gave birth to two sons and one daughter, and the couple ran around Guangzhou and Wuhan. Liu Shaoqi was arrested and imprisoned and could not raise children, so he sent his eldest son Liu Yunbin, who was under one year old, back to his hometown in Liu Shaoqi Ningxiang. In April 1927, the eldest daughter Liu Aiqin was born in a small house at the Hubei Federation of Trade Unions No. 4 Shangdri, Hankou. The revolution was severe at that time. Wang Jingwei was planning the 715 coup and anti-communist massacre. Liu Shaoqi and his wife were going to go to Northeast, Shanghai and other places to engage in secret work, so they handed Liu Aiqin to a worker movement activist in Hankou and brought home to raise.
At the end of 1932, Liu Shaoqi was sent to the Soviet Area of Jiangxi. In the spring of 1933, He Baozhen was imprisoned for working underground in Shanghai and was betrayed by a traitor. He was executed in Yuhuatai, Nanjing in 1934. However, when Liu Shaoqi went to Yan'an in the Long March, he still could not obtain the whereabouts of his eldest daughter Liu Aiqin and his second son Liu Yunruo. He was very worried.
He Baozhen
When in Yan'an, Liu Shaoqi repeatedly expressed his thoughts of finding his daughter, and said sadly, "It's been more than ten years, and the child has no news." Zhou Enlai comforted him and said, "Don't worry, these children are the precious wealth of our party, and we must find a way to find them back." Since then, Zhou Enlai has sent people to secretly inquire about Liu Aiqin's whereabouts in Hankou area.
Liu Aiqin, whose nickname "Ai Er", has never known who her parents are since she was a child. Her adoptive parents' home is poor, and the whole family squeezed into a shed built with broken straw mats in the slum in Hankou Wharf. There was no bedding or property, and she couldn't even find a job. As soon as she became sensible, Ai Er led her younger brother, who was one year younger than her, to pick up cinders and vegetables everywhere.
But even such a life is unsustainable. In 1934, as grandmother's condition worsened, her adoptive parents were unemployed and bankrupt, and she had to send her 7-year-old to a relative's house in the city as a child bride. As soon as her adoptive mother left, her "mother-in-law" handed her a broom and asked her to start working.
From then on, Ai Er's ears were screaming and scolding every day. Liu Aiqin recalled: "Every day before dawn, I was shouted to chop firewood, sweep the floor, carry water, and burn the fire. I worked all day long. If I were not satisfied, I would be beaten, and there were bruises on my arms and legs."Even so, the "mother-in-law" still disliked her and often tortured her for no reason. Ai'er couldn't eat enough for a long time and could only wear single clothes and pants in winter. She was much shorter than other children.
Once, Ai'er went to the well to pick up water, and the bucket was dead. She tried her best to lift it up, but she lacked nutrition for a long time and was not strong enough. She was dizzy and fell into the well with the bucket. If the "father-in-law" hadn't been quick and quick and rescued her, Liu Aiqin would have died long ago.
Such a slave-like life made Liu Aiqin in pain. Missing her adoptive mother, and she felt deeply ashamed of Liu Shaoqi and his wife because she saw that she was always beaten and scolded. She came less and less.
1937, after the second cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party began, Liu Shaoqi took out a small photo of He Baozhen and wanted to ask someone to find Liu Aiqin's whereabouts in Hankou. After Zhou Enlai learned about it, he ordered someone to publicly publish the search for the inspiration for missing persons in Xinhua Daily:
"Looking for worker Zhao Chunshan, ten years ago, Mr. Liu Shaoqi's daughter was raised by his husband, and now he wants to take his daughter back to his side. I hope those who are familiar with it will contact you as soon as possible. "
The comrades of the Eighth Route Army Office in Wuhan asked around and soon found the whereabouts of Liu Aiqin's adoptive mother. After asking, they found out that Liu Aiqin had been sent to the Wuhan Office of the Eighth Route Army, and she first met Xia Zhixu and Shuai Mengqi. Shuai Mengqi was a prisoner with He Baozhen in the Nanjing Military Police Command Prison. He recognized Ai'er at a glance and said with emotion, "You and your mother look too similar."
She was taken to Deng Yingchao. At that time, Deng Yingchao found that the 11-year-old girl was thin and small, looking only seven or eight years old, and was wearing a single-clothed clothes, thin and covered with wounds. She felt very sad. She fed her water and washed her face, and then changed her small cotton military uniform. She also told her real name was "Liu Aiqin".
Liu Aiqin didn't know her life experience at the time, and she still wanted to return to her adoptive mother. Deng Yingchao then told her that her biological parents were someone else, her mother He Baozhen had already died, and her father Liu Shaoqi looked for her for more. In 1938, Liu Aiqin came to Yan'an and walked into Liu Shaoqi's cave. He felt very unfamiliar with his tall and gray-haired middle-aged man in front of him.
2. His exotic relationship with his Spanish lover was blocked by his father and brother. In 1938, Liu Aiqin came to Yan'an and walked into Liu Shaoqi's cave. He felt very unfamiliar with the tall and gray middle-aged man in front of him.
11, and there is almost no concept of "father" in her life. My father's love for her is real. Although he is busy with official duties, Liu Shaoqi will take care of his daughter's life and guide her study whenever he has time. Soon, his brother Liu Yunbin was also sent to Yan'an from his hometown in Ningxiang. Like his sister, he has been doing farm work, herding cattle, and mowing grass in the countryside since he was a child. He grew up very thin and has not received much education.
Soon, Liu Shaoqi sent his children to Yan'an School to study and entrusted his second wife Xie Fei to take care of the brother and sister. Liu Aiqin recalled that the young "Xie Mother" was very responsible. "I came back every two weeks, went to school to pick me up, and lived with us... During my brother and I in Yan'an, Mother Xie took care of us like my biological mother. My father is very busy at work, so my mother Xie takes care of everything we have. Later, she studied at the Party School and came back less often. "
Although Xie Fei left Liu Shaoqi two years later to pursue her career, her mother-daughter friendship with Liu Aiqin remained for life. After Xie Fei founded the country, she became a famous legal educator and vice president of the Public Security Academy. She did not remarry or have children. Whenever Xie Fei's birthday, Liu Aiqin would come to congratulate her. The "mother and daughter" also went out to travel together and visited Liu Shaoqi's hometown many times.
1939, Liu Shaoqi and Xie Fei went north to preside over the work of the North China Bureau and had no time to take care of their children. Liu Yunbin Liu Aiqin, Zhu De's daughter Zhu Min and others were sent to the Soviet Union to study at the Monino International Children's Home in Moscow set up by the Soviet Union for the children of Communist leaders of other countries.
From left to right: Liu Aiqin, Liu Shaoqi, Zhu Min, Liu Yunbin
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1941, the Soviet Patriotic War broke out, and soon there was no firewood to keep warm in the children's home. There was a shortage of food, so the children had to cut down trees by themselves, and plant potatoes, cabbage and carrots to support their lives.13-year-old Liu Aiqin joined the Red Army Reserve and later obtained the certificate and commemorative medal of "Participating in the Great Soviet Patriotic War" issued by Russian President Yeltsin.
In 1946, 19-year-old Liu Aiqin was admitted to the Department of Economics of Moscow University of Communications Technology, where she fell in love with the handsome radio department boy Fernando, the nephew of Ibaruli, general secretary of the Spanish Communist Party and known as the "flower of passion". In 1939, she went into exile with her aunt in the Soviet Union.
Yibaluli
Similar birth experiences have made the two get closer and closer. In 1949, on the eve of graduation, because Liu Aiqin was pregnant and the two planned to get married, Liu Aiqin told her brother Liu Yunbin. Unexpectedly, Liu Yunbin, who had already married a Soviet wife, also disagreed, thinking that Liu Aiqin would return to China in the future, and this exotic relationship would be difficult to maintain.
Fernando agreed to go back to China with Liu Aiqin, so Liu Aiqin married him with joy. Just as the two who were immersed in the joy of wedding began to prepare for their return, her father Liu Shaoqi received news and expressed his firm opposition in the letter. He also borrowed the opportunity of a secret visit to Moscow to find his daughter who had not seen for ten years and "showed off" in person.
Liu Shaoqi said solemnly: "Love son, Fernando is Spanish. He doesn't understand Chinese, doesn't understand China, and is not used to China's lifestyle. Have you ever thought about it? It's inconvenient for him to live in China. The national system of Spain is different from the countries we are about to establish. Dad must be responsible for your life."
He wants his daughter to continue studying and pursue career progress after returning to China. He cannot get married at a young age, and he cannot accept this foreign son-in-law from different systems to live in his family in Zhongnanhai.
Liu Shaoqi, Liu Yunbin and Liu Aiqin
Liu Aiqin's heart is as if she was cut off. In order to make her father agree to Fernando to travel with her, she cried very sadly and fell ill with a high fever. She cried to her brother, "If you have to sacrifice your happiness as Liu Shaoqi's daughter, then I might as well be the daughter of ordinary people."
Liu Shaoqi came to visit her daughter, but she just refused to let go of her promise to take Fernando back to China. In the end, Liu Aiqin had to surrender.
After returning to China with her father, she insisted on leaving the child in her belly. In 1949, after her son was born, she named it "Suosuo". Liu Aiqin said: This is a word in her husband's surname and it is also her only memory of her husband.
When he first returned to China, Liu Aiqin also communicated with Fernando and sent photos. Fernando would also send things to his children. The two of them who were reluctant to leave their lovesickness agreed to meet in the border city, but when Liu Shaoqi learned about it, he firmly disagreed.
Fernando waited for Liu Aiqin for six or seven years, but Liu Aiqin could not return to him, so she could only write a letter to persuade him, saying that their fate was over. Soon, Liu Aiqin married her second husband, Bayan Menghe, organized a family again and gave birth to a child. Fernando also wrote to her that he had married a Russian girl. After receiving the letter, Liu Aiqin cried bitterly and died for this first love that had not died...
Until she was in her 80s, the gray-haired Liu Aiqin was interviewed by Chen Luyu and still sighed: "It's painful until now. There is no way to review this history. I can only admit it and can only endure it..."
1959 After the Sino-Soviet conflict, the communication between the two was interrupted and they never contacted each other again. In 1993 and 1998, Liu Aiqin, who was unwilling to give up, returned to the Soviet Union to look for Fernando twice, and wanted to see her again. With the help of her classmate's daughter, she found out about Fernando's whereabouts: she died in a car accident in the summer of 1963...
Liu Aiqin once resented her father because of this, but later she changed her mind. She felt that "Dad's career is too difficult and cruel. I don't blame my father, I just blame myself for not considering it carefully." The father paid a huge price to pursue social justice and national prosperity and strength, and suffered heavy damage from individuals to family. She also saw her father's greatness and loftyness even more.
Liu Aiqin's brother Liu Yunbin was forced to leave the Soviet wife and children in order to return to China in the 1950s. Her younger brother Liu Yunruo also had to break up with his Soviet lover. The three siblings chose to sacrifice their love in order to return to China to serve.
3. The brother and younger brother suffered tragedy and were beaten during the catastrophe. They endured humiliation for their innocence and were harboring humiliation for their innocence. When they first returned to China, Liu Aiqin's Chinese was still very bad. After hard study, she was admitted to the Department of Economics of Renmin University and married her classmate Bayanmenghe. In 1953, she was assigned to work at the Comprehensive Bureau of the State Planning Commission. In 1958, the State Council streamlined the organization. Under the mobilization of her father, Liu Aiqin's family signed up to work in the border areas of Inner Mongolia for twenty years.
In Inner Mongolia, Liu Aiqin took the initiative to ask for an investigation at the grassroots level, lived in adobe houses and ate sorghum noodles and steamed buns. Due to her active work performance, she was approved to join the party in 1966. Before she could report the good news to her father, bad news came one after another.
Liu Aiqin thought that her childhood child bride life experience and the war years in the Soviet Union were already hard enough, but it was not until this time that she realized that her previous suffering was insignificant.
During the catastrophe, Liu Aiqin first heard the news that her father was criticized and then, the streets were covered with big-character posters saying that she was a Soviet spy. Liu Aiqin was quarantined and investigated. The rebels tortured her, which made her urinate incontinence and lost all her teeth, but she still refused to admit the charges imposed on her and her father.
In 1967, her younger brother, Liu Yunruo, who was engaged in missile design, was arrested and imprisoned. Her brother, famous nuclear chemistry expert Liu Yunbin, was beaten and committed suicide in Baotou, Inner Mongolia. Liu Aiqin was expelled from the party and public office and sent to rural labor reform. Her husband also divorced her and left her three children to the Northeast. At the end of 1969, she heard the news of her father's death...
The family left one after another, which made her suffer a lot. When she was completely disappointed, Liu Aiqin thought of suicide. She hid in the quilt and cried quietly for two days and two nights. Early in the morning of the third day, she wiped away her tears and raised her head strongly. At that time, she had only one belief: to live and live until the day the truth was revealed.
At the end of 1974, after being rescued by his family from multiple sources, Liu Yunruo was released from prison, but his spirit was on the verge of collapse. He was seriously ill and chose to live alone in a farmyard in the suburbs. During the Spring Festival in 1977, Liu Aiqin and his younger brothers and sisters met to reunite during the Spring Festival to celebrate the victory. However, Liu Yunruo did not appear on the first day of the Chinese New Year. The next morning, she and her daughter found the place where Liu Yunruo lived. As soon as she pushed the door, they saw Liu Yunruo lying flat on the earth pit and no longer breathed...
1979, Liu Aiqin, who taught at Hebei Normal University, finally received a notice of "complete rehabilitation, restoration of party membership, and restoration of public office."
After that, she was transferred back to Beijing and worked as an associate professor of Russian at the People's Police University of China. In 1989, she remarried with the cheerful and funny former vice president of the State, Wo Baotian, secretary of the former vice president of the State. After 20 years of single life, she finally lived the "civilian life" she longed for: she was busy all day longing for, buying vegetables, cooking, and doing hygiene, becoming a happy housewife.
2015, on the 70th anniversary of the victory of World War II, the 88-year-old accepted the invitation from Russia. She and Zhu De's granddaughter Liu Li, Li Duoli, the son of Li Fanwu, the early Chinese revolutionary Li Fanwu, and Liu Xia, as members of the veteran descendants regiment, went to Moscow to participate in the "perpetual" square formation in the parade on Victory Day. Holding photos of Chinese leaders such as Mao Zedong, Liu Shaoqi, and Zhu De, walked across the Red Square.
On the day of the Red Square military parade, 88-year-old Liu Aiqin wore several anniversary medals of the victory of the anti-fascist war on her chest, looking very skillful and gathered with her friends at the Soviet International Children's Home and appeared under the camera of the reporter.
Liu Aiqin, who has experienced all her hardships, has no resentment on her face and is used to her in the world. She looks particularly open-minded and cheerful, with a calm and calm expression, a serious and responsible work, and has a big sister style, which is highly respected by relatives and friends.
Half a lifetime of blood and tears. She was not worried about suffering, but said, "That is the tragedy of the times, and no one blamed." After her death, her children donated her body to Peking Union Medical College Hospital according to Liu Aiqin's last wish, because Liu Aiqin remembered her father's words throughout her life: "Be low-key and be a person who is useful to society."
Three-foot podium has been a lifetime, and she was awarded the title of "March 8 Red Flag Bearer" for her outstanding work. She lived up to her father's teachings and made due contributions to society.
