Next year's holiday arrangements are already out, and you can get 10 days off for 4 days on Labor Day. Such a good opportunity, why don’t you plan it? After all, the more you drag, the more expensive it is. Last year's May Day was a living example. So where to go to play, let Ben

Next year's holiday arrangements are already out, and you can get 10 days off for 4 days on Labor Day. Such a good opportunity, why don’t you plan it? After all, the more you drag, the more expensive it is. Last year's May Day was a living example.

So where to go, let Ben Salted Fish be your guide.

Island, surrounded by the sea, living alone on land.

Compared to other travel methods, jumping to the island is like picking up pearls from the sea. Only those who have logged in will know the character and secrets of each island.

Although the fourth session of the Japanese Seto Inland Sea art festival has just been held, under the combination of good art + good scenery, several islands in the Seto Inland Sea have become the dream destinations for literary youths to jump to the island.

But if you want to go to Japan to jump island, how can you not mention Okinawa ?

Okinawa is located between Taiwan Island and Japan Kyushu Island , and it looks closer to us from the location.

Compared with Seto Inland Sea, there are more cities in China that can fly directly to Okinawa, including Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin, Hong Kong, Hangzhou, Xi'an and Nanjing, which are very convenient to travel.

Okinawa, people give the title of "Oriental Hawaii". But I don’t like this title very much. Okinawa clearly has its own stories worth telling and does not need to be covered with other people’s cloak.

Ryukyu Kingdom, you must be familiar with it, it is the old name of Okinawa.

Before becoming the territory of Japan, Ryukyu maintained close ties with ancient China for a long time. has therefore naturally left the mark of Chinese culture and can still be found.

In Okinawa, you often see artists playing with sanmi line . This is a musical instrument that was passed down from China to Japan in the 15th century, and now it has become the soul of Okinawa folk songs.

Shuri Castle was once the location of the Ryukyu royal power. Yes, it is the place where the fire was unfortunately burned down last month. I believe you can see that it is also a rich Tang Dynasty style, whether it is color or structure.

diet has not escaped. Authentic Chinese dishes such as fried bitter melon and braised pork are also local dishes in Okinawa.

WWII was taken over by the United States, Okinawa was also affected by American culture. In the colorful American village, the English signs, countless bars and graffiti on the streets really make people wonder: Is this still Japan?

In addition to the cultural richness, Okinawa is an island land, and the good scenery you are looking forward to will of course come as scheduled.

can't reach the ends of the world, you can really reach the corners of the sea. Standing at Chinian Point and watching naked VR sea view, it’s still a good idea.

If you like the clear cliff of Chuanshui in Hualien, the thousands of hairs are even better than that.

Ocean Expo Park shows the mysterious underwater world of Okinawa, and the largest sink box in the world is filled with vitality from the ocean.

1. In February, the weather is still cold elsewhere, and the cherry blossoms in Okinawa have already appeared. Go to the 7,000 cherry blossom path of Yaegao, which is not inferior to any cherry blossom viewing resort, and it is also perfectly avoiding the abortion.

In addition to the island, there are 160 large and small islands around Okinawa. These offshore islands cast Okinawa a layer of adventure, and also interpret the beauty of Okinawa from another dimension.

Then the island hopping trip starts from here.

Okinawa

What islands are worth playing in Okinawa?

Okinawa's outlying islands are mainly divided into 4 areas , from near to far: Keirama Island, Kume Island, Miyako Island, and Yaesyama Island . These are alternative destinations for island hopping.

also has some small islands that are directly connected to the island. Because there are cross-sea bridges or artificial roads on the sea, it is easy to reach these islands.

For example, Se Nagashima , Serida Island with long beaches, camping resorts, etc. If you don’t have enough time, you can consider going to these islands, which can be considered a small island jump.

Okinawa

Go to the Qingliangma Islands to dive!

The Keirama Island is the closest island to Okinawa's main island, about 30-40 kilometers, and it can be reached in half an hour at the fastest.

0Keirama Islands main island

The sea water here is famously clear and can penetrate all the way to the heart, otherwise I would not like to mention the exclusive tag "Keirama Blue".

Especially when you dive into the seabed and the gorgeous coral reef meets you with high definition with 1080P image quality, you can instantly understand the beauty of this island.

What to play in the Qingliangjian Islands?

If you want to dive, you must go to Zamami Island.

is a world-class diving holy place after all, and can clearly see the tropical fish and corals living in "Keirama Blue" even if you just snorkeling in shallow water.

Not to mention that after diving to the bottom of the sea, the treasure house of the ocean will be opened directly in front of you.

In addition to diving, you can do something cooler.

Get ready for adventure, take a water taxi or kayak and arrive at the nearby uninhabited island. Moments copywriting has been thought of for you: I, contemporary Robinson.

Next, you can go to Ajiao .

There was once a dog named Shiro. In order to find true love for dogs, I went to Zamami Island to meet Madeline. Now the two sculptures are across the sea from their respective islands, and this romantic story is shining in the afterglow of the sunset every night.

From Ajia Island, you can reach Qingliujian Island through the cross-sea bridge.

Everyone knows to go to Nara to see deer, but the rarer animals are, the more precious they are. The Keirama deer is not only unique to Keirama Island, but is also selected as a Japanese natural monument.

Although it looks very cold, the heart-shaped pattern on the butt mercilessly betrays its cute attributes.

There are basically observation decks on the island, and no one loves the view overlooking the sea. But I still recommend you to visit Kashikishima. This place is covered with dense forests, and the lush eyes on the way up the mountain are as refreshing as the sea.

In Tokashiki Island, you must go to the beautiful Abolian Beach , which is so beautiful that you forget to breathe. Stepping on the soft white sand under my feet and looking at the blue sea, the wrinkles in my heart were smoothed out.

Right, if you come in winter (December-April), you can catch the good time for whales to swim back and give birth to babies and take a boat to watch whales.

Where to live in the Qingliangjian Islands?

If you want to become a clearance player in the Keirama Island, you can choose to stay for one night in Zama Mishima Island, which is the most convenient transportation.

Here are mainly homestays, such as Cha villa, which is very close to the port. Room types are available in Heritage and Western styles. Although the area is not large, you can cook your own kitchen.

Other islands also have some homestays that combine diving projects to choose from.

Naha-Keirama Islands Traffic Guide

Transportation from Okinawa to each island I have listed a table:

Flights will change due to the weather, so it is the most accurate to check on the official website before departure, and then go directly to the port to buy tickets.

Ship Flights and Fee Information:

https://www.visitokinawa.jp/transportation/ferries-to-islands?lang=zh-hans

Qingliangma Island Traffic Guide

If you jump here, you can use Zamami Island as the base camp for transit because it has ferries to several other ports.

Boat ticket purchase website: http://www.vill.zamami.okinawa.jp/ship/

After going to the island, except for Ajia Island, there are tourist buses operating on other islands, except for Ajia Island, which is relatively small in area. Although there are not many shifts, it is better than nothing.

Of course, renting an electric car around the island is also a romantic option.

Okinawa

Come to Kumejima to eat sea grapes!

Kumi Island has an area of ​​about 60 square kilometers.This was once a hub for maritime trade between Ryukyu and China, so in addition to enjoying the natural beauty, you can also see traces of human civilization in the past.

is also a feature that Kumeshima has to mention. God is enjoying the food, and the rich resource here makes Kumejima tempt the food.

What to play with Kumejima?

Kumi Island is the most beautiful among the many islands in Okinawa. and its beauty is half on the fine white sand beach in the middle of the sea.

Beach stretches for 7 kilometers. I promise that the experience of the sea in the left hand and the sea in the right hand will make you feel extremely excited.

Sitting on a boat with a transparent bottom and walking through the blue sea is a great pleasure that is hard to exchange for.

Hotel counter or B&B owner can help book the itinerary

You can get there for about 20 minutes by boat

If you want to see the sea view from a different angle, you can go to Biya Dingjueza located in the north of Kumeji Island (you can get there on weekly bus). Although

is only 200 meters high, there is no mountain covering the surrounding area, and the viewing angle is excellent. When the weather is good, you can even overlook the Hate beach.

If you have enough time, the Yujiang City Ruins next to it is also worth a visit. Standing at the highest altitude of Kume Island, you can both overlook the sea and feel the rolling historical wheels.

Ryukyu Island is closely related to ancient China, and the remaining traces can be found here (you can reach the bus and airport line).

What should Kumeshima eat?

In addition to being beautiful in your eyes, Kumeji Island is also famous for its deliciousness in Okinawa. Order in Izakaya, be sure to try cold sea grape to experience the wonderful taste of green caviar.

grown up with wine lees and herbs, Kumeshima red chicken , locally grown delicious car shrimp , and a cup of locally brewed Kumesian . It would be too tragic to miss this real taste of the seaside.

The places where you eat are mainly concentrated in the Zhongbo area near Jianchenggang and the county road near the Baihai beach.

After eating at the Baihai Beach, you can go to the small outlying island next to it through the cross-sea bridge. Once you go to the island, you will see a geometric rocky coast that looks like a turtle shell. Yes, this is another magical craft of nature.

In addition to his natural appearance, the deep water in the ocean 600 meters under the Kume Island waters are rich in minerals. So Okushima opened a spa spa pavilion according to local conditions, and the Force of Nature is undoubtedly a good thing.

Since you are far away from the city, the urban sequelae accumulated in your body can also be solved here. When you go back, you will be a hero again. There is also a free shuttle bus to and from Kumejima Hotel. I also want to try it out for this kind of thoughtfulness.

shuttle bus schedule: http://bade-kumejima.co.jp/about/access/

Where to live in Kumejima?

If you want to have a relaxing and comfortable game, Kumejima's itinerary will be more suitable for one night. I spent one day playing on the island and another half a day to go to Ao Island.

Eve Beach Hotel is located on the beach of the White Sea. Although the facilities are a bit old, they are in excellent location. It is within walking distance to the street where you can eat, and it is also very close to Ao Island.

There are also baths in the public areas with deep ocean water. Those who don’t have time to go to Ao Island can also come here to soak.

Cypress Hotel is also good. All rooms are facing the sea, and you can watch the sunrise and sunset without going out. It is also worth experiencing the large bathing area and the infinity pool. There are free shuttle buses to the hotel at the port and airport.

Naha - Kumejima Traffic Guide

Naha Airport has direct flights to Kumejima, about 30 minutes (there are also direct flights in Tokyo). There are about 7 shifts a day, so it will be cheaper to buy early.

Japan Airlines website: www.cn.jal.co.jp/cnl/zhcn/

Of course, it is OK to take a boat. In terms of price, the two are similar in off-season.Depart from Nahabo Port to Kensei Port, the journey takes 3-4 hours, and you will pass by Watming Island.

price and running time are written on the official website very clearly and in detail, so I won’t go into details. Because it can only buy tickets offline, if it is peak season, you can consider buying from domestic OTA on the safe side.

Kumeshima ferry information: www.kumeline.com

Kumeshima Island Traffic Guide

Kumeshima Island There are many mountain roads in Kumeshima, and it is still quite difficult to walk too much. Fortunately, it has 5 bus lines, and the most useful thing for is the airport line and the one-week line around the island (passing Jianchenggang) .

After all, I am here for vacation. If you want to save more worry, there are many chartered car services on the island. The cost of circling an island is about 10,000 yen.

Okinawa

Go to Miyako Islands to find the southern style!

Miyako Islands should be a popular place in Okinawa's offshore island. Here is the largest Miyakojima , and consists of 8 large and small islands. Departing from Naha Airport, you can get there in 50 minutes by plane.

Miyako Islands main island

Miyako Islands are lower latitudes, and the tropical style of the southern country is more intense. Compared with the two archipelagos in the first two islands where only a few thousand people live, the fireworks here are naturally much heavier.

more people and more activities. In addition to seeing the sea, there are more reasons for you to stay here.

What to play with Miyako Island?

Since it is on the island, the beach scenery is definitely indispensable. If you only choose one place to go to , it will definitely be Naha Maehama Beach on Miyako Island.

This 6-kilometer-long beach condenses the beauty of the sea. I won’t get tired of staying here for a long time, because if you look closely, you will find that the sea water is blue and colorful.

The deep and shallow blue slowly changed from the beach to Laijian Island on the other side, so beautiful that people just want to jump into the sea.

I am a person who loves to go to various capes. The view of the sea is really great, and it is so beautiful that I can remember it for the rest of my life.

, east of Miyako Island, , , east of Higashiheian Matsuhiro , because of its unique triangle shape, it feels like walking all the way into the sea, I just ask if you are romantic.

In Japan, a city with flowing water, a hot spring with iron, and Miyako Island are no exception. At Shigirl Resort, you can get special Golden Hot Springs .

This name is because it has a natural light yellow color, which is all minerals from 1,000 meters underground, and the bubbles are healthier (the broadcast cavity).

Although it is a lonely island floating in the sea, it cannot stop everyone from wanting to have a carnival. There are so many festivals on the island to ignite everyone's emotions.

For example, in April every year, contestants from all over the world will come to the island to participate. Islanders will also go out of their homes and cheer for the contestants along the way.

There are also Miyakoji Rock Music Festival in June and Orion Beer Festival in August. Live performances by the sea increase the hot summer atmosphere, and various markets also come to help. It must be no problem to have a happy summer.

However, the most ritual and lively festival on this archipelago is the "August Dance" on Tarama Island. inherits a historical tradition of more than 400 years.

The islanders who rely on the weather for their lives have had awe of gods since ancient times. Every year, starting from the eighth day of the eighth lunar month, the harvest festival is held for three consecutive days. You will see dancers dancing Ryukyu dance on the street to express their gratitude for the blessing of the gods.

In addition to Tarama Island, several other small islands around Miyako Island also have their own characteristics.

I have seen too many beaches with quiet time. Sawada Nohama from Irabe Island presents the masculine side of the beach. When the tide is low, you can see the rocks staggered on the beach.

Legend has it that these stones were brought by the tsunami 200 years ago. Maybe it was because I missed the beautiful scenery here and stayed here forever.

There is a scenic spot in Xiadi Island called Tongchi . It is the rock that makes a natural "bowl" for the sea. Legend has it that people still see mermaids here.

The sea in the "bowl" is connected to the outside, so you can enter the open pool by diving.

This is the place where diving experts PK skills (swimming) (position).

Divers must also be familiar with Ikema Island Yae Ganse . This is a scenery that can only be seen by fate, so it is also called "Dream Continent".

Only when the tide difference is the largest in a year, Yae Ganse, formed by more than 100 coral reefs, will be exposed to the sea. At this time, just sitting on the boat, you can clearly see the scene of fish passing through the coral reefs.

This Pond Island is the best island in Okinawa. There are many birds flying all year round. Pond Island is inhabited by . Therefore, some wild bird observation huts were set up on the island to facilitate enthusiasts to watch birds.

, the smallest number of people, only 4 households live in .

The same sparsely populated Dashen Island is an island used for sacrifices, and many places on the island are not open, which gives it a mysterious color.

Although the area is small, Laijian Island, where many literary and artistic shops and coffee shops gather, is suitable for leisurely strolls in literary youth.

The small islands next to these can be selected 1-2 of them to see. There is no need to go all of them. Good time is wasted on things you like.

What should I eat in Miyako Island?

Next, I need to show you a way out for the food.

Various izakayas and restaurants are gathered in the city of Heira on Miyako Island. I recommend you to go to Izakaya to eat, because after taking a seat, you can hear the live performance of Sanmi Shin. While eating, you sway with the rhythm of Okinawa folk songs. Isn’t that great!

Everyone has agreed that Japanese Wagyu is actually available on Miyakoshima. Although the local specialty Miyako is not very famous, the taste will not disappoint you.

To make Miyakoshima's delicious tongue, a secret weapon is indispensable - snow salt .

This is the salt with the most minerals in the world, and the snow salt produced on Miyako Island retains the ingredients of seawater without a trace of bitterness.

This subtle difference is the key to the taste.

Maybe you can't imagine that drinks as much as four times that of Okinawa on this small island.

Like Kumejima, I drink distilled rice wine - soaked. Those stored for more than three years are called "Ancient Wine". The only thing that is intoxicating here is the sea view, but also the mellow and delicious taste.

Tasting delicious food in front of the sea is really a beauty on earth. You can pay more attention to the small shops around the attractions. Many of them are very stylish, such as the island Cafe at the southern end of Miyako Island, the Botta pizza restaurant on Irabe Island, and the パニ on Laima Island...

However, it is better to eat on the island as it is better. If you rush over, it may be useless because the boss's casual shop breaks. Yes, the daily life on the island is so free and casual.

Where to live in Miyako Island?

There are so many fun things, it can't be filled with a day's itinerary. I have to stay in the Miyako area for a few nights, otherwise it would be a pity.

If you like the sense of art, you can choose Hotel Locus. The designer uses "Miyako Handicrafts" as the concept, and each room has its own local characteristics. The boss of

Soraniwa is a couple who moved here. The two buildings are named Side A and Side B respectively, which is quite interesting. Guests who check in can book a jacuzzi on the top floor, relaxing while enjoying the sunset or the starry sky.

Naha - Miyako Island Transportation Guide

Among the archipelago, there are only direct flights to Miyako Island and Naha Airport, with a flight time of about 50 minutes. In addition to Naha, there are also direct flights to Tokyo and Osaka, and you can check Japan Airlines and ANA Airlines.

Miyako Island Traffic Guide

The traffic on the island is centered on Miyako Island. The three sea-cross-sea bridges extending out connect three islands: Irabe Bridge to Irabe (there is also a bridge between Irabe Island and Shimodi Island), Irabe Bridge to Irama Island, and Arama Bridge to Irama Island.

There are two ways to reach Tarama Island from Miyako Island:

There are ferries between Shuina Island and Tarama Island, but because it is operated privately, the flights are not fixed.

If you want to go to Dashen Island, you can reach it in 15 minutes by boat from Shimajiri Fishing Port on Miyako Island.

Dashen Island specialty smoked octopus

The public transportation on Miyako Island is not very developed. In addition to express lines between the city and the airport, bus lines are basically operated in the city and port areas, and do not take good care of the attractions.

If the time is tight and the task is heavy, you can consider chartering services: If you want to save effort, you can book a car and a bicycle if you want to save money. The scenery is really not too beautiful when riding a bicycle across the sea.

Okinawa

Go to Yaeshan Islands to watch the stars!

The number of residents in the Yaesyama Island is about the same as that in the Miyako Islands, about 50,000. But there are a lot more islands, with 19, and some of them are uninhabited islands.

It is the southernmost island in Okinawa, a little far away, but the time spent on the road is definitely worthy of the memories left on the island.

The main islands of Yaeshan Islands

What to play in Yaeshan Islands?

At first glance, there are so many islands, I don’t know where to choose. But in fact, the characteristics of each island are quite distinct, just choose the one you are more interested in.

Ishigaki Island and Nishio Island are the centers of the Yaeyama region.

Ishigaki Island, known as the "country of poetry, island of song, land of dance", is like an all-round artist. In restaurants or performance venues, it will present you with an authentic seaside literary style from time to time.

When you are at night, you will also find that the night sky of Ishigaki Island is like a illusion, covered with 84 constellations of stars.

You should know that there are 88 constellations recognized by international astronomers, and can almost see all the stars in the world. A shining galaxy spreads out in front of your eyes. This is when the stars shine, and can be viewed throughout the year.

Stargazing is like chasing aurora, requiring low light pollution and sunny places.

, West Ishigaki National Park, which spans several outlying islands, has become an internationally recognized starry sky reserve.

If you want to go out to watch the stars, Tatsuosaki or Sunset Beach are all available places. This website can check the stargazing index of the entire Okinawa area: https://tenki.jp/indexes/starry_sky/10/

You can imagine Xibi Island as a nature theme park.

More than 90% of the island are covered with jungle. If you are willing to put in some physical strength, you can walk along the trail and encounter various woods, rivers, and waterfalls, and use your feet to conquer this "last secret realm in Japan".

How to play if you don’t want to climb a mountain? It is also a good choice to walk through the longest river in Okinawa, Urachikawa, as well. Watch the woods on both sides slowly pass by and enter the artistic conception of the poem.

If you are lucky enough to meet this fierce Xibiao Bobcat, you really have to buy a lottery ticket. It is a unique species on Xipian Island, with a total of only about 100 species on the island.

Want to have a simple and simple life on the island, Zhufu Island is a good place to go.

As soon as you step onto the island, the traditional red tiled wooden houses and white coral sand in front of you unknowingly slow down the clock in your body.

Let the world outside move, the appearance of the ancient village here has not changed from the past to the present. Riding a bicycle, looking at the sea, sitting on a buffalo cart and listening to the singing of the Sanwei Line, enjoying the peaceful leisure. This is probably the ideal Okinawan life.

The original life is simple, but returning to the original can indeed soothe people's hearts.

West Pier Bridge on the west side of Zhufu Island extends all the way to the sea. Standing at the end of the bridge, watching the setting sun set, the picture is so beautiful, I just want to keep watching. After the sky darkens, I will change to the stars in the sky to accompany you, and the night here will not be lonely at all.

If you are a stargazing enthusiast, the Wasashima , which is located in the southernmost part of Japan, is also suitable for you. The "Southern Cross" that can only be observed south of the Tropic of Cancer can be found here.

By the way, you can also check out the Beibin Beach , which is the favorite "Bozhaojianlan". When you see the color of the sea, you realize that nature is the top painter.

The westernmost part of Japan is also in the Yaeshan area , which is only 100 kilometers away from Taiwan Island, China.

This island that is so far away that it seems to be isolated from everything has hidden its mystery under the sea. The 100-meter-long group of giant stones is like a sleeping palace. As for how it was formed, it is still a mystery.

There are few hammerhead sharks in the world that can also meet you at the bottom of the sea.

Many people are fascinated by the cute smiles of AKB48 girl group. , so how about Kohamashima’s KBG48?

This grandma group still has requirements for joining the group, and it must be over 80 years old. Since its formation in 2015, it has been active in various performances on the island.

The old ladies have such a happy mentality given by Kohamashima Life, and they will definitely inject you with happiness energy.

In Kohama Island, you can often see blue cloth hanging in the store. This is the Yaebu , which is as famous as Miyako Kokubu of Miyako and Kumeshima of Kumeshima.

is made from spinning to dyeing. I am afraid that only by looking at the sea in Okinawa can such a deep blue be dyed.

What to eat in Yaeshan Islands?

When you arrive in Yaeshan, you must try the Ishigaki Beef that melts in your mouth. Some people even say that it is second only to Kobe beef. Putting aside personal preferences, this local wagyu from Okinawa will surely make you feast.

downtown streets near Ishigaki Island Pier gather many restaurants. In addition to beef, there is also Yaeyama noodle line , which is the most down-to-earth delicacy in the local area.

And the food on Xibi Island is gathered next to Uehara and Ohara ports. The mix and match the Western style of the Inaba and the Pig Hunter, which specializes in Xibi pork dishes, are worth trying.

Where to live in Yaesong Island?

In terms of accommodation, we must first recommend Hongxi Noya . Of course, the location of the top hotel in Japan is also very good. I like the Takefuji Island, which has a strong cultural atmosphere at first sight.

No need to say more about how good it is. The essence of slow life on the island is reflected in the details of the hotel.

http://www.hoshinoya-cn.com/zhcn/

If you live in Ishigaki Island, you can choose ANA InterContinental Ishigaki Resort 8. The facilities are very complete and you can perfectly hold the needs of staying and vacation. The room is spacious and bright, and the balcony offers sea views. If you are bringing your family or partner to play, it is especially suitable for this.

lives in Xibiao Island, I recommend ホテルニラカカナイ. Its predecessor was Hoshino Resort, which is not only large but also pleasing to the eye. The hotel is located next to the beach and is also a room with a super beautiful sea view.

Naha - Yaeyama Island Transportation Guide

Ishigaki Island and Yonako Island have airports, you can fly directly from Naha. In addition to Okinawa, there are flights to Ishigaki Island from Tokyo, Nagoya , Osaka, Fukuoka .

Yaeshan Island Transportation Guide

Yaeshan area takes Ishigaki Island as the transit center, and there are ferries or high-speed ships to various islands. Just look at the watch, it's clear at a glance.

ticket booking website: www.aneikankou.co.jp

If you take a lot of boats, you can buy Kariyushi travel tickets from Yaeshan Tourism Pulley Company. It is 5,800 yen (370 RMB) in three days, which is much more cost-effective. You can buy it anywhere you buy a boat ticket.

Only the larger Ishigaki Island and Nishio Island have public buses, which pass through some attractions. After checking in the hotel, you can also go to the counter to ask if there is any shuttle bus or experience itinerary service.

No matter how big or small islands, there will be basically car rental services, just choose the method that suits you.

Finally, I would like to add a few more sentences:

If you travel back and forth on the same day, it is recommended to go to the island connected to Okinawa or the nearest Keirama Island. It is best to arrange a trip for at least 2 days when you go to other offshore islands.