There are so many children who have been sick recently. Many mothers around me say that their children are sick, either coughing or suddenly having a fever. They are full when they take their children to the hospital. It’s so anxious and terrible to wait.
In fact, after many battles, you will find that you have colds and fevers in most cases. The usual medical treatment process is nothing more than: registration - see the doctor - make an order - blood test - see the results - get the medicine . The entire process is often queueing for 2 hours to see the doctor for 3 minutes.
In fact, if it is not particularly urgent, if you just common cold , you don’t have to go to the hospital every time. After all, taking your child to the hospital will also be at risk of cross-infection, right? ! This is especially true in the special period when the epidemic is here.
But if we don’t go to the hospital, we can’t sit still and wait for death. So what should we do if the baby catches a cold? How to distinguish viral cold from bacterial cold? How to take medicine? How to care?
Today, we will invite Dr. Zhang Xiaorui, our pediatrics column, to have a chat.
01 The difference between viral cold and bacterial cold
1. What are the differences in the symptoms of the two?
In fact, there is no particularly substantial difference between the two in terms of clinical manifestations, or it is not very different from clinical manifestations. The obvious differences between
are mainly:
bacterial infection symptoms of systemic poisoning are relatively obvious. Children often have poor mental reactions , and high fever, chills, vomiting, headache, abdominal pain, etc. are more prominent;
viral infection often have better mental reactions mental reactions .
In addition, the symptoms of yellow sputum and yellow nose caused by bacterial infection do not necessarily mean to determine whether the child has evidence of systemic bacterial infection. Some are just manifestations of local bacterial infection. However, for tonsillar pus moss, streptococci are often more likely to be infected with , so the manifestation cannot be completely used to indicate whether the child has bacterial infection.
2. generally has the higher incidence rate?
In terms of incidence, virus infection is more common. Generally, 90% or above acute upper respiratory tract infection is caused by virus infection .
In addition, bacterial infection in children often check the relevant infection indicators, and there will be obvious abnormalities in .
, for example, the total number of white blood cells, the proportion of neutrophils, C reactive protein , procalcitonin , etc., may have a significant increase in compared with ;
, and virus infected children with , the total number of leukocytes in is often low or normal , and the proportion of lymphocytes increases.
However, for distinguishing bacterial or viral infection, requires a comprehensive judgment of , that is, a comprehensive judgment based on the child's epidemiology medical history, manifestations, physical examinations and auxiliary examinations, which is more accurate.
02 How to use medicine and care for viral colds and bacterial colds
treatment is mainly divided into two aspects: conjunctive and symptomatic treatment, in terms of conjunctive treatment.
is used to infect against virus. Generally, does not require special antiviral treatment , and is a self-limiting disease . Unless it is a special viral infection, such as influenza virus , anti-influenza drugs can be used.
Of course, the influenza virus infection causes influenza , which is different from ordinary acute upper respiratory tract infection, so specific situations need to be analyzed.
. If the bacterial infection of is clearly , it is often recommended to use antibacterial drugs for anti-infection treatment .
Whether it is bacterial or viral infection, symptomatic treatment is required, that is, corresponding treatment is carried out for the child's performance.
1. When the heat is caused, you can handle
2 in this way. When coughing, you can treat
3. Pay attention to nursing
During illness, let the child pay more attention to rest . During the fever, let the child eat more light and easy to digest liquid or semi-liquid food. Drink more water for , maintain a reasonable room temperature and indoor humidity , and do not dry .
If the child has a lot of nasal congestion and snot, you can consider adjusting the position appropriately, lying on his side or raising his upper body appropriately, which is conducive to alleviating symptoms such as nasal congestion and runny nose.
03 Under what circumstances do you need to go to the hospital as soon as possible?
Of course, in addition to colds, there are many early manifestations of diseases, which may also be related to acute upper respiratory tract infections, such as acute laryngitis , pneumonia, influenza , etc. The early symptoms are very similar to colds, so should also pay attention to the progress of disease manifestations .
like Acute laryngitis is an acute and severe disease in children. Children often have acute illnesses in . The typical manifestation is dog barking cough , hoarse voice, and high-profile sounds when inhaling.
also has three depressions. Severe children may have cyanosis, irritability, pale complexion, and rapid heart rate. In this case, you must pay attention to seek medical attention in time.
pneumonia often gradually shows further symptoms after acute upper respiratory tract infection, such as shortness of breath , cough and sputum , fever , etc.
Pneumonia itself does not require medical treatment. Even if most children have pneumonia, as long as there is no obvious symptoms of dyspnea, they can still be temporarily observed.
Of course, if conditions apply, please ask the doctor to auscultally confirm the lung condition, but it does not necessarily require medication. Pneumonia may also be caused by different pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, Mycoplasma , etc. If it is pneumonia referred to as viral infection, symptomatic treatment is generally still the main focus.
If it is a bacteria or Mycoplasma infection with Mycoplasma, etc., you need to consider whether to use anti-infection treatment drugs based on the child's condition. If the child has obvious symptoms of poor mental reaction, shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, cyanosis around the mouth, etc., you need to pay attention to seek medical attention in time to confirm.
Influenza is similar to the common cold in terms of respiratory system performance, such as nasal congestion, runny nose and cough, and is difficult to distinguish.
However, children with influenza often have a significant epidemic history, and most children have obvious systemic symptoms, such as fever, limb soreness, headache, systemic poisoning symptoms, etc., while nasopharyngeal symptoms are milder than systemic symptoms. Of course, if confirmed, it is necessary to confirm the diagnosis in combination with the etiology test results.
When the child first starts to have disease symptoms, it is relatively difficult to determine the type of disease. And it does not need to be diagnosed early, and many diseases will also show signs of progressive development.
For example, the common cold may also develop into bronchitis , pneumonia, etc. lower respiratory tract infection . Or some infectious diseases may only show upper respiratory tract infection of in the early stages of the disease, and then start to show rashes and other symptoms. This is difficult to confirm in the early stages of the disease, but is constantly changing as the child's disease progresses.
Therefore, is necessary to closely observe the changes in the child's performance during the child's illness, and deal with the causes and symptoms in a timely manner. Confirm the progress of the disease based on the child's performance, and then adjust the treatment plan in time.
OK, that’s all for today’s pediatric column.Remember to like + forward , and share it with your family and relatives and friends around you, so that everyone can calmly deal with colds and go to the hospital less at the critical moment of the epidemic.
