solid-state Tesla coil production tutorial
For those who have played SGTC with most of them want to play more advanced SSTC/DRSSTC, but many people will struggle when this is the case.
Tesla coil introduction
Tesla coil is also called Tesla coil, because this is directly transliterated from the English name "Tesla". This is a diffuse parameter high-frequency resonance transformer that can obtain high-frequency voltages of millions of volts. The principle of Tesla coil is to use a transformer to boost the ordinary voltage, and then pass through the North and South Pole coil to discharge the equipment from the discharge terminal. To put it simply, it is a personal manual lightning maker. There are lovers of Tesla coils everywhere in the living world. They have made various equipment to create artificial lightning for the target of dizziness.
resonance definition:
In physics, there is a concept called resonance: when the frequency of the driving force is commensurate with the natural frequency of the system, the amplitude of the forced vibration of the system is the largest, and this phenomenon is called resonance. The resonance in the circuit really means this: when the frequency of the circuit encouragement is the natural frequency of the circuit, the amplitude of the circuit's electromagnetic oscillation will also reach its peak. In fact, resonance and vibration express the same phenomenon. This kind of sign of communication substance is called "different in the scale of difference". (To be easy to understand, when two objects with a proportional vibration frequency, one of which produces vibration, the sign that causes the other vibration is called resonance. In electricity, the resonance sign of two equal-spread oscillation circuit is called resonance.) Electromagnetic oscillation LC loop
(L: inductance , C: capacitor )
The current that can occur in electromagnetic oscillation LC loop, which has a periodic change of both size and bias, is called an oscillation current. The circuit that can generate an oscillation current is called an oscillation circuit. The simplest oscillation circuit among them is called the LC loop. An LC circuit that does not count resistance can realize electromagnetic oscillation, so it is also called LC oscillation circuit . The physical mold of the LC oscillation circuit is satisfied with the following premise: ① The resistance of the entire circuit R=0 (including coils and wires). From the perspective of energy, there is no other energy conversion to the inward energy, that is, the heat consumption is zero. ② The inductor coil L collects the inductors of all circuits, and capacitor C collects the capacitances of all circuits, and there is no latent capacitor. ③ When the LC oscillation circuit generates electromagnetic oscillation, it does not radiate electromagnetic waves to the external space, which is a closed electricity in the harsh sense. The circuit only generates the conversion between the coil magnetic field energy and the capacitor electric field energy. That is, the transforming electric field that occurs in the capacitor. The transforming magnetic field that occurs in the coil does not trigger the response magnetic field and electric field according to Maxwell's electromagnetic field theory. The oscillation current radiates electromagnetic waves to the surrounding space. It is an alternating current with a very high frequency. It cannot be moved in the magnetic field with a coil, but can only occur by the oscillating circuit. The incident process is: Charging is completed (discharge starts): the electric field energy reaches its maximum, the magnetic field energy is zero, and the current i=0 is felt in the loop. Discharge is completed (charging begins): The electric field energy is zero, the magnetic field energy reaches the maximum, and the current in the loop reaches the maximum. Charging process: The electric field energy is increasing, the magnetic field energy is decreasing, the current in the loop is decreasing, and the power on the capacitor is increasing. From the perspective of energy: magnetic field energy is converting into electric field energy. Discharge process: The electric field energy is being eliminated, the magnetic field energy is increasing, the current in the loop is increasing, and the electricity on the capacitor is being eliminated. From the perspective of energy: electric field energy is converting into magnetic field energy. In the process of oscillating current in the oscillating circuit, the charge on the capacitor plate, the current passing through the coil, and the magnetic field and electric field that contact the current and charge all undergo periodic changes. This phenomenon is called electromagnetic oscillation.
Here I will tell those new people about the classification of Tesla coils:
SGTC(Spark Gap Tesla Coil=Spark Gap Tesla Coil (the kind that Tesla himself found)
-Branch: SISGTC(Sidac-IGBT SGTC)=Television coil that uses trigger diode-IGBT to replace spark gap
SSTC(Solid State Tesla Coil=Solid State Tesla Coil(The kind that is taught here)
-Branch: (This article mainly talks about DRSSTC, because the principle of SSTC is relatively simple, and it will be clear after reading it)
Shin 1
ISSTC(Interrupted SSTC)=Solid-state Tesla coil with arc extinguishing solid-state Tesla coil
OLTC(Off Line Tesla coil)=Offline Tesla coil
Class-E SSTC=Class-E amplifier solid-state Tesla coil DRSSTC(Dual Resonant SSTC)=Dual resonant solid-state Tesla coil
-Branch: QCWDRSSTC(Quasi Continuous Wave DRSSTC)=quasi-continuous wave dual-resonant
Solid-state Tesla coil
CWDRSSTC(Continuous Wave DRSSTC)=Continuous Wave Dual Resonance Solid State Tesla
Coil
VTTC(Vacuum Tube Tesla Coil)=Vacuum Tube Tesla Coil
-Branch: SSVC(Solid State Valve Coil)=Solid State-Vacuum Tube Tesla Coil SGTC: Traditional spark gap Tesla coil, with high noise, low obedience and short life, I won't do much introduction here.
SSTC: According to the essence of Tesla coils, contemporary electronic lovers have discovered solid-state Tesla coils (SSTC), which have low noise, high obedience and long life, thus achieving good growth. Solid-state Tesla coils can not only cause lightning flashes, but also operate arcs to play music! Therefore, in addition to being used in high-voltage scale, Tesla coils are also a good work of art.
The principle of solid-state Tesla coils is: through the driving circuit, the mains power (220VAC 50Hz) converts to high-frequency exchange, and converts it into a high-frequency magnetic field through the low-level coil. When the magnetic field oscillation frequency is the same as the natural frequency of the LC system formed by the secondary coil and the discharge terminal grounded at one end, a resonance is generated. At this time, the secondary coil sends a large amount of charge to the discharge terminal, causing the voltage at the discharge terminal to rise very high, thus forming lightning. For solid-state Tesla coils, it does not have a capacitor group, only a driving circuit, a low-level coil, a secondary coil and a discharge terminal. It relies on the driving circuit to generate a high-frequency current and sends it to the low-level coil to generate a high-frequency magnetic field; while the traditional spark gap Tesla coil relies on the ignition switch to turn on/off to cause the low-level coil and the capacitor group to oscillate and generate a high-frequency magnetic field. This is the difference between the two!
Summary: The change of
SSTC is to cause an oscillation current to communicate with the secondary coil. This will resonate and transfer energy to the secondary through low-level coupling. Therefore, the sstc driver board can be simply regarded as an oscillation signal generator.
DRSSTC: Because the load of the solid-state Tesla coil driving circuit is a low-level coil, which is an inductive load, its power factor is low, its energy operation rate is low, and the instantaneous value of the low-level coil current is not large enough, so the lightning spectacular level of the solid-state Tesla coil is not as good as that of the same grade. For this reason, some lovers have proposed a mold of the dual resonant solid-state Tesla coil (DRSSTC) to supplement the shortcomings of ordinary solid-state Tesla coils. The dual resonant solid-state Tesla coil is in ordinary special Basically, the capacitor group is inserted into the low-level coil in series, and the output frequency of the drive circuit = low-level LC natural frequency = secondary LC natural frequency. The sweetness of doing this is: 1. The low-level department is in a resonant state, its load characteristics are pure resistance, high power factor, and the energy operation rate is also improved; 2. Because the low-level department is resonant, the low-level current rises faster and the brake current is large, which makes the lightning contest spectacular. Therefore, the dual resonant solid-state Tesla coil is more welcomed by the broad lovers!
Summary: DRSSTC and SSTC are similar to each other but have more resonant capacitors. The low-level coil of SSTC only has coupling immersion and will not cause oscillation immersion, and the low-level of SSTC is also an LC oscillation loop. Therefore, we can see DRSSTC as an upgrade of SGTC, which eliminates transformers and lighters. However, its function is far higher than SGTC.
Layout of solid Tesla coil
Solid Tesla coil consists of three departments: power circuit driving circuit arc extinguishing circuit 
Power circuit:
Red implies high voltage blue low voltage yellow is the intermediate pressure. When powered on, because the switch tube is blocked and there is no other place to allow the electricity to pass smoothly, the current can only charge the two bridge arm capacitors
When the switch tube is turned on, a large amount of positive charge flows to the negative electrode of the capacitor, turning the low-level coil at the end of the current activity.
When another switch tube is turned on, the current flows through the opposite bias, so the slippery DC power causes a high-spread oscillating exchange power. This kind of switch tube has two switch tubes, we call it half-bridge . Its characteristic is that only two switch tubes save money, because there are two capacitors in series when charging, so the discharge voltage is only half of the input voltage.
Because the voltage of the half-bridge is smaller, someone proposed a full bridge. Such as those using four switch tubes are called full bridges. The power tubes are opened diagonally and switched at the same time through the diagonal line to achieve oscillation. The middle connection leads to the low-level coil. Because the voltage discharged by the bridge arm capacitor is not required to charge twice the half-bridge, it is the input voltage. Because the voltage is high, it can have stronger power, so the high-power Tesla coil city uses the full bridge.
D3-6 is a transient diode that is used to prevent sudden high-voltage breakdown switch tubes.
C3 is the receiving capacitor, because there is a diffuse inductance between the lines. In the high-frequency switching state, parasitic oscillation and spike voltage are easily generated, resulting in the damage of the switch tube. This capacitor plays a buffer and immersion, so it must be added.
There is a question in this figure that it is necessary to connect the voltage regulator diode of 30V in parallel to the trigger pole of the switch tube and the low voltage line to prevent the drive signal voltage from breaking through the switch tube.
The above input power supply must be DC power, that is, the mains power through the rectifier bridge!
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