Unit11 Word
the more… the more…
leave outtml3
does not include; do not mention; ignore
friendship
[frendʃip]
n. Friendship; friendship
king
[kiŋ]
n. Monarch; king
prime
[praim]
adj. First; basic
minister
[ministə(r)]
n. Minister; minister
prime minister
prime minister; minister
fame
[feim]
n. Fame; reputation
pale
[peil]
adj. pale; gray
queen
[kwi:n]
n. Queen; Queen
examine
[igzæmin]
v. (.carefully) check; check
nor
[nɔ:(r)]
conj. & adv. Nor
neither ... nor
neither ⋯⋯ nor
palace
[pæləs]
n. Royal Palace; Palace
power
[pauə(r)]
n. Rights; power
wealth
[welθ]
n. Wealth; Wealth; Wealth
grey
[grei]
a. Gloomy; dim; grey
lemon
[lemən]
n. Lemon
cancel
[kænsl]
v. Cancel; Terminate
weighttml3
[weit]
n. Weight; Component
shoulder
[ʃəuldə(r)]
n. Shoulder; shoulder
goal
[gəul]
n. Goal; shot; target
coach
[kəutʃ ]
n. Coach; personal tutor
kick
[kik]
v. Kick; kick
teammate
[ti:meit]
n. Teammate; teammate
courage
[kʌridʒ ]
n. Brave; courage
rather
[ra: ]
adv. Would rather; rather
rather than
instead of
pull
[pul]
v. Pull; drag
pull together
and work together; work together
relief
[rili:f]
n. Easy; free
nod
[nɔd]
v. Nod
agreement
[əgri:mənt]
n. (Opinions or opinions) Consistency; agree
faultt
[fɔ:lt]
n. Negligence; Disadvantage
disappoint 3
[disəpɔint]
v. Make disappointed
Bert
[bə:(r)t]
Bert
[bə:(r)t]
Bert (male name)
Holly
[hɔli ]
Holly
[hɔli ]
Holly (female name)
Unit11 Knowledge sorting
[key phrase]
1. make me sleepy
2. drive sb. crazy
3. the more…, the more… the more…
4. yes and no
5. be friends with sb.
6. feel left out
7. sleep badly
8. don’t feel like eating
9. for no reason
10. neither… nor…
11. let …down
12. take one’s position Replace my position
13. to start with
14. get the exam result back
15. find out
16. remain unhappy forever
17. a shirt of a happy person
[key sentence pattern]
1. --I’d rather go to Blue Ocean because I like to listen to quiet music while I’m eating.
--But that music make me sleepy.
--I prefer to go to Blue Ocean Restaurant because I like to listen to light music while eating.
---But that kind of music makes me sleepy.
2. Waiting for Amy drive Tina crazy.
Waiting for Amy to make Tina crazy.
3.The movie was so sad that it made Tina and Amy cry.
This movie was so sad that it made both Tina and Amy cry.
4.Sad movies don’t make John cry. They just make him want to leave quickly.
The sad movie didn’t make John cry and they could only make him want to leave as soon as possible.
5.Loud music makes me nervous.
The noisy music makes me nervous.
6.Soft and quiet music makes me relax.
The gentle music makes me relax.
7.Money and fame don’t always make people happy.
Money and fame do not always make people happy.
8.She said that the sad movie made her cry.
She said the sad movie made her cry.
9.Loud music makes me nervous.
The noisy music makes me nervous.
Vocabulary elaboration
1. rather
(1) rather means "comparable, kind", used in conjunction with would, that is, would rather means "will rather...", which means the wish and choice of the subject of the sentence, followed by the infinitive form of to be omitted. For example:
He’d rather join in the English group.
He would rather join the English group.
Which would you rather have,bread or rice?
Bread or rice, which one do you prefer?
(2) If it means "I would rather (can) than…" then the sentence pattern would rather...than.... The two contrasting parts connected after would rather and than should generally be consistent, and the commonly used verb prototypes should be kept. For example:
The brave soldier would rather die than give in.
The brave soldier would rather die than surrender.
He’d rather work than play.
He would rather work than play.
2. start with
(1) When starting with is used as the "first" solution, it is only used for verb infinitives, and often appears in the form of an insertion in the sentence. For example:
To start with, the computer room must be kept very clean.
First of all, the computer studio must be kept clean.
Our group had five members, to start with.
At the beginning, there were only five people in our group.
(2) start with can mean "start with...; start with something", which is synonymous with begin...with. The antonym is end with "end with...". For example:
The meeting ended with a speech given by the chairman.
The meeting ended with the chairman's speech.
He wanted to start/begin with the smallest country and end with the largest one.
He planned to go to the smallest country first and finally the largest country.
(3) When used alone, it means "start", and can be used as a transitive verb or an intransitive verb. When used as a transitive verb, it is followed by nouns, pronouns, or verb infinitives or gerund forms. begin is synonymous with start. There is no big difference in usage between the two, but start focuses on the sudden start of the action. For example:
As soon as we got there, it started raining.
It rained as soon as we got there.
When did we start/begin this lesson?
When did we start this lesson?
3. hard and hardly
hardly and hardly are very similar in form, but have completely different meanings.
(1) When hard is used as an adjective, it means "difficult; hard; diligent; strict; harsh".
hard is often used as an adverb to express degree, meaning "work hard; violently; violently". For example:
This ground is too hard to dig. This piece of land is too hard to dig.
I work hard at school.
They tried hard to succeed.
[Expand] Common phrases composed of hard are:
work hard at…"Try hard to..."; (hard as an adverb)
be hard on sb. Be hard to someone; be strict with someone. (hard is an adjective). For example:
He is working hard at English.
A good boss knows when to be hard on his employees.
A smart boss knows when to be hard on his employees.
A smart boss knows when to deal with strict requirements of his employees.
(2) hardly is an adverb that represents frequency, meaning "almost not; almost none", which is equivalent to almost not, not the adverb form of hard. For example:
There is hardly any coffee left. = There’s almost no coffee left.
There is almost no coffee left.
4. feel like
(1) "It feels like..., it feels like...". For example:
I feel like a child.
(2) "want..." Subsequent to pronouns, nouns or gerunds. For example:
Do you feel like some fish for supper? Do you want to eat some fish for supper?
I feel like doing something different today.
I want to do something else today.
(3) It feels like... The sentence pattern can be used to represent weather, time, etc., meaning "It seems to be..., it seems to be..." For example:
It feels like tea time. It seems that the time to drink tea is up.
[Expand] feel like; would like and want analysis:
Both of them can mean "wanting to do something". The usages are as follows:
(1) feel like followed by noun, pronoun or gerund, forming feel like doing sth. For example:
I don’t feel like eating. I don’t want to eat.
(2) would like to follow nouns, pronouns or infinitives. Composition would like to do sth. For example:
What would you like to do now? What would you like to do now?
(3) After want, noun or infinitive can be followed to form wantto do sth. For example:
Do you want to join us? Do you want to join us?
5. let…down
(1) means “to disappoint or frustrate”. For example:
The team felt that they had let the coach down.
The players felt they disappointed the coach.
He won’t let you down; he’s very reliable.
He won't let you down, he is very reliable.
(2) means "let go". For example:
Pleaselet down the blinds. Please lower the blinds.
(3) means "slow down; relax". For example:
The horse let down near the end of the race and lost.
The horse slowed down near the finish line, so it lost.
Don’t let down even if the going is good.
Don’t relax even if it goes well.
[Note]
down is an adverb. When a contemporary word is used as an object, it should be placed between let and down and used Binger form. For example:
Failingin the exam lets him down. He was very upset.
6. be friends with sb.
friend countable noun, meaning "friend", and the plural is friends. Commonly formed phrases include:
make friends with sb. It means "make friends with someone".
a friend of + Noun owner pronoun or possessive noun, indicating "a friend of...".
be friends with sb. means "become someone's friend". For example:
He likes making friends with others.
He likes making friends with others.
He likes to make friends with others.
She is a friend of my sister’s.
She is a friend of my sister’s.
I still wanted to be friends with Alison.
I still wanted to be friends with Alison.
I still wanted to be friends with Alison.
[Expand] Other common changes in friend:
friendly (adjective)
friendship friendship (noun)
be friendly to sb. (Friendly to someone)
7. worry
(1) worry can be used as an intransitive verb or transitive verb. When used as a transitive verb, it means "to cause trouble and worry." When used as an intransitive verb, it means "worry, worry, worry, worry", and is often used in conjunction with the preposition about. For example:
What’s worrying you? What’s upsetting you?
Don’t worry about me.
(2) worry can also be used as a noun. It can be used as a countable noun or an uncountable noun. For example:
Her face showed signs of worry.
I have a lot of worries.
(3) Worry's past participle worried is equivalent to an adjective, meaning "worried, troubled", and is often used in conjunction with be/look/feel and other verbs. be worried about means "worry for...". For example:
She is worried about her sick mother.
8. another
other / the other / others / another:
(1) other is the adjective "other, others".When used as a pronoun, you can add the/any/some, etc. or use it as a plural. For example:
He is taller than any other brothers.
He is taller than any other brothers.
(2) theother means "another person, another thing", which refers to the other one of the two. For example:
I have two books. One is an English book, the other is a Chinese book.
I have two books, one is an English book and the other is a Chinese book.
(3) others means "other people or things", and is used as a pronoun. For example:
You should think of others.
(4) another is an adjective, meaning "other, other", and can only modify the singular noun; as a pronoun, meaning "another, another", referring to any of the three or more. For example:
Here comes another bus. Another bus comes.
9. agree
agree is an intransitive verb, meaning "agree", Iagree means "I agree, I agree", I don't agree means "I don't agree with someone or someone's point of view", which is often used in communication terms. In addition, agree is followed by infinitive, but cannot be followed by gerunds. For example:
She agreed to lend me the book.
I agree to meet him tomorrow.
[Expand]
agree with and agree to (to are prepositions) both mean "agree, agree", but the object followed is different. agree with words that refer to people or express opinions or opinions; agree to follow words that express suggestions, plans, arrangements, etc. For example:
I quite agree with you.
Do you agree with what I have said?
He has agreed to our suggestion about the holiday.
He has agreed to our suggestions about the holiday.
sentence structure
1. The sentence structure of make constitutes
(1) make+ sb.+ adjective, make is a predicate verb, sb. is the object of make, and the subsequent adjective is here to be the object complementary. For example:
Rainy days make me sad.
What he said made the teacher angry.
(2) make+ sb.+ past participle, the past participle here is equivalent to an adjective as an object supplement. For example:
Waiting for him in the rain made me annoyed.
Waiting for him in the rain made me annoyed.
(3) make+ sb. + verb prototype. The verb prototype here is also called the infinitive omitted to be used as the guest supplement. For example:
Sad movies always make me cry. Sad movies often make me cry.
Loud music makes her want to dance.
(4) bemade to+verb prototype, here is the passive voice of make, and to restore the to of the verb infinitive, that is, be made to do sth. It means "to be ordered to do something". For example:
The boss made him work for 15 hours a day.
→He was made to work for 15 hours a day by the boss.
The boss made him work 15 hours a day.
2. Why don’t you ask Alice to join you each time you do something with Julie ?
Why don’t you do sth.? is a negative question sentence, meaning “Why not…?” It is often used to solicit opinions and make suggestions, which is equivalent to “Why not do sth.?” For example:
Why don’t you go with us? = Why not go with us?
Why don’t you go together?
Why don’t you go swimming? = Why not go swimming?
Why don’t you go swimming?
3. Neither medicine nor rest can help him.
neither ...nor... is a fixed structure, meaning "neither... nor...", which means both are negative. For example:
It’s neither cold nor hot. The weather is neither cold nor hot.
He neither knows nor cares what happened.
He neither knows nor cares about what happened.
[Expand] Distinguish between neither...nor...; both...and...; either...or...
These three phrases can be used as conjunctions, but their combinations and meanings are different.In general, it is important to note that they should connect two parallel and equal sentence components (i.e., they are both subjects, predicates, object, adverbial, etc.).
(1) both…and… means both. For example:
She was both tired and hungry.
He speaks both English and French.
(2) either…or… means either of the two or two possibilities. For example:
He must be either mad or drunk. He is either crazy or drunk.
You can either write or phone to request a copy.
You can write a letter or call to request a copy.
[Note] When the conjunctions above
connect the subject, both...and... are generally only used with plural predicates, either...or... and neither...nor... are usually required to be consistent with the person and number of the closest subject according to the principle of proximity. For example:
Either you or I am wrong. Either you are wrong or I am wrong.
Neither he nor she was at home.
Both New York and London have traffic problems.
There are traffic problems in both New York and London.
4. How long did it take the general to find the happy man?
(1) how long means "how long" and ask how long a certain action or state lasts. Therefore, the predicate verb in the sentence must be a continuation verb or a linkage verb that represents the state. For example:
How long do you watch TV? How long have you watched TV?
How long can I keep the book? How long can I borrow this book?
(2) how long can also be used to ask for length. For example:
How long is the river? How long is this river?
[Expand] Analysis: how often, how soon and how long
words
words
words
Usage
Answer characteristics
how often
How often
How often
How often
Query action frequency
often, twice a week etc
how soon
how fast, how long
ask how fast
in+ for a while
how How long does long
; how long
ask how long it takes; ask how long it takes; ask how long it takes
for/about+a period of time; specific number + length unit
For example:
A: How often do you visit your mother? How long does it take to see your mother?
B: Once a week. Once a week.
A: How soon will he be back? How soon will he be back?
B: In an hour. 1 hour later.
A: How long did he stay here? How long did he stay here?
B: About two weeks.
A: How long is the river?
B: About 500 km. About 500 kilometers.
5. How could you have missed scoring that goal?
"can / could have done" means "doubt or uncertainty about a situation in the past". can and could are generally used in negative sentences and question sentences, and the tone of could be weaker. For example:
I didn’t see her at the meeting this morning, she can’t / couldn’t have spoken at the meeting.
I didn’t see her at the meeting in the morning, and she couldn’t speak at the meeting.
He can’t have finished the work so soon.
He can’t have finished the work so soon.
[Expand]
(1) must have done means "speculating on what happened or state in the past", with a firm tone and usually only used for affirmative sentences. For example:
It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
It must have rained and the ground is very wet.
(2) should have done often talk about past situations, mainly used to refer to "things that should have happened but have not actually happened." For example:
You should have told me so before.
You should have told me long ago.
Look at the time! We should have been at theatre ten minutes ago.
Look, when is it! It was time for us to go to the theater ten minutes ago.
(3) may / might have done means "make a very positive guess about the action that has occurred or the state of existence", and might's tone is a little weaker than may.This structure is mainly used in affirmative and negative sentences. For example:
He may have already done his work.
6. But I think if we continue to pull together, we’re going to win the next one.
pull together is a fixed combination, which means "to work together; work together". pull is a verb, meaning "drag; pull". The antonym of it is "push", which means "push". For example:
If we pull together, we can succeed.
If we work together, we can succeed.
They pulled together and got over all the difficulties.
They worked together to overcome all the difficulties.
[Expand] Common fixed combinations composed of pull:
pull down demolition; pull back retreat; pull out out outbound
