Nodular goiter is the most common benign lesion in thyroid nodules . It usually develops from simple goiter and is commonly found in mountainous areas of the plateau. It was called "goiter" by the ancients.
1. Iodine deficiency: It is one of the main causes of endemic goiter
The iodine content in soil, water and food in endemic areas is inversely proportional to the incidence of goiter. The facts such as iodine salt can prevent goiter can prove that iodine deficiency is an important cause of goiter. In addition, the body's increased demand for thyroid hormone can cause relative iodine deficiency, such as growth and developmental period, pregnancy, breastfeeding, cold, infection, trauma and mental stimulation, which can aggravate or induce goiter.
2. Hormone synthesis disorder
The cause of familial goiter is the defect of hereditary enzymes, which causes hormone synthesis disorders, such as lack of peroxidase and deiodination enzymes, which affect the synthesis of thyroxine , or lack of hydrolase , making it difficult to isolate and release thyroid hormone from thyroglobulin into the blood, which can lead to goiter. This congenital defect belongs to recessive inheritance .
3, high iodine
is rare and can be distributed endemicly or sporadically. The pathogenesis is that excessive intake of iodine leads to excessive occupation of TPO functional genes, which affects tyrosine iodization, the organicization process of iodine is blocked, and thyroid compensatory enlargement.
4, gene mutation
Such abnormalities include point mutation of the thyroglobulin gene exon 10, etc.
All of the above four factors may lead to nodular goiter. In life, we must take iodine reasonably, protect the thyroid gland, and stay away from various thyroid diseases such as nodular goiter .
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