1. General construction safety knowledge briefing
1. During the operation process, practitioners should strictly abide by the unit's safety production rules and regulations and operating procedures, obey management, and correctly wear and use labor protection supplies.
2. Guardrails should be installed on high places and side operations to tension safety nets.
3. Before construction, you should first find out whether there are deep pits, tombs, underground pipelines, high and low voltage lines and surrounding structures underground, and formulate corresponding measures to avoid causing damage to them.
4. New workers can only enter the operating position after being approved by the construction site manager and signed by both parties after passing the examination.
5. Night operations must be fully illuminated. If there are thunderstorms and strong winds above level 6, the operation must be stopped and the power supply must be cut off.
6, electricians, welders, lifting workers, climbing workers, forklifts, crane drivers and other special operations workers must be certified to work.
7. Patients and child laborers under the age of 18 are strictly prohibited from participating in construction, and wear slippers, high heels, slippery shoes, barefoot, shirtless, open arms and drinking to participate in homework.
8. You should check whether the joints of the scaffolding are firm and whether the safety protection settings are complete.
9. People with high blood pressure, heart disease, and epilepsy after drinking are strictly prohibited from participating in high-altitude homework.
2. Safety briefing for temporary electricity use in construction
1. On-site production electricity equipment must be managed by a dedicated person. Unrelated personnel are strictly prohibited from moving electrical equipment. Operators should conduct careful and meticulous inspections of the equipment when they are on duty, and the on-site electrical switch knives should be closed when they are off work.
2 and distribution boxes must be equipped with leakage protection switches to ensure one machine, one gate and one protection. All mechanical and electrical equipment must be effectively protected from grounding or zeroing. The vertical height of the bottom surface of the fixed distribution box and the switch box from the ground is not less than 1.3m, and the vertical distance between the bottom surface of the mobile distribution box and the switch box and the ground is greater than 0.6m. There should be rainproof measures and the door should be installed and locked.
3. The main construction line should adopt the "three-phase and five-wire system". The on-site lines must be arranged neatly according to regulations and must not be dragged on the ground randomly to prevent crushing and set up signs when burying underground.
3. Construction is strictly prohibited under high-voltage lines. The minimum safe allowable construction distance between the edge of the pile frame and the high-voltage line: the high-voltage line below 10 kV is 6m, the 35-110 kV is 8m, the 220 kV high-voltage line is 10 meters, and the 350-500 kV high-voltage line is 15 meters. Corresponding protective measures must be taken during construction.
4. Electricians cannot operate with live when wiring. During disassembly and repair, they should hang a warning sign "No closing" at the closing point and send a special person to take care of it.
5. The cables used for construction must be carefully inspected and can only be used after confirming safety; all live equipment must be cut off before moving.
6 and welding machines must adopt zero connection and leakage protection to ensure the safety of the operator; both welding wires and welding pliers should be reliably insulated.
7. Before operation, check whether all tools, welding machines, power switches and lines are good. The metal shell should be safe and reliable grounded or zeroed. The inlet and outlet wires should have a complete protective cover. The inlet and outlet wires should be welded firmly with copper joints.
8. The lights should be sufficient during night construction. The lamps should not be hung on vertical steel bars or other metal components. Temporary wires should be overhead to ensure that they meet safe electricity requirements.
9. The installation and dismantling of all power wires in the construction site must be specially managed by a certified electrician. The electrical appliances must be strictly grounded, zeroed and use leakage protectors.
3. Safety briefing for construction machinery operation
1. Regular and irregular inspection and maintenance of mechanical equipment and electrical equipment. Replace and repair hidden dangers in a timely manner and check them regularly once every seven days. Regular maintenance is carried out once a month, and inspection and maintenance records are available.
2, electric welding machine, butt welding machine, , cutting machine, etc. must have a rain protection canopy and have a good grounding device.
3. Welding machines are not allowed to work in places such as high humidity (relative humidity exceeds 90%), high temperatures, (above 40℃), harmful industrial gases, flammable and explosive items. Welders must be certified to work.
4. When working in the field, the welding machine should be placed in a place with shelter from rain and well-ventilated.When starting a new welding machine and a long-term deactivated welding machine, the performance of the welding machine should be checked, and the initial insulation resistance of the welding machine should not be less than 0.5 megohms.
5. Various machinery must operate in accordance with operating procedures and the components or functions of the machine shall not be changed at will. Read and follow the instructions for warnings and hazard signs. Do not operate the machine when tired or sick. Good visibility should be ensured during work.
4. foundation pit excavation safety technical briefing
1. When excavating a foundation pit, if it affects nearby buildings or temporary facilities, safety protection should be taken to strengthen displacement observation.
2. Pipes, cables and other buried objects found during excavation should be reported in a timely manner and should not be disposed of without authorization.
3. Pay attention to the stability of the soil wall when digging. When cracks and collapse are found, personnel should leave immediately and deal with it in time.
4. Manual digging, the distance between front and back operators should not be less than 2 to 3m, the soil should be piled up to 1m away, and the height should not exceed 1.5m.
5. The soil wall and support stability must be checked every day or after rain, and continue to work while ensuring safety. Do not pile soil and other objects on the support, and do not walk or stand under the support.
6. Machinery shall not work under the transmission line, but shall work on one side of the transmission line. In any case, the closest distance between any part of the machinery and the overhead transmission line shall comply with the requirements of the safety operating regulations.
7. The machinery should be parked on a solid foundation. If the foundation is too poor, reinforcement measures such as walkway plates should be taken. The excavator tracks should not be stopped or driven 2m parallel to the hollowed-out foundation pit. Earth transport vehicles should not drive parallel to the foundation pit to prevent collapse and overturn.
8. Manual excavation should be used within 1m of both sides of the cable.
9. Working under the mechanical slewing radius is not allowed to work under the mechanical slewing radius.
10. Unloading soil from the car should be done after the car is stopped and stabilized. Buckets are prohibited from crossing over the car cab.
11. A 1.5m-high guardrail must be set around the foundation pit, and a certain number of temporary up and down construction stairs must be set up.
12. The roads in the yard should be renovated in a timely manner to ensure the safety and smooth flow of vehicles. All vehicles should have dedicated personnel to command and guide them.
13. Under the sidewalk at the entrance and exit of the vehicle, if there is an underground pipeline [track], thick steel plates must be laid or concrete must be poured to reinforce.
14. When digging a foundation pit, practical drainage measures must be set up to avoid water accumulation in the foundation pit and affecting the soil structure of the foundation pit.
15. The personnel who clear the slope and bottoms must do a good job of cleaning the bottoms according to the design elevation and must not over-diggle them. If the soil is overdrafted, the loosening of the soil must not be backfilled to avoid affecting the quality of the foundation.
16. The excavated earth must be stacked strictly in accordance with the organizational design and must not be piled outside the foundation pit to avoid causing excessive load on the ground to cause soil displacement or support damage.
5. Safety briefing of steel bar processing and installation process
1. Welders must wear protective clothing. Arc welding welders must wear protective masks.
2. The arc spark point of electrical welding must be no less than 10m away from oxygen cylinder , calcium carbide, acetylene cylinder , wood, oil and other dangerous items, and no less than 20m away from explosive items. Both acetylene bottles and oxygen bottles should be equipped with safety tempering preventers, and the rubber pipe connections must be fixed with a tie head. The oxygen cylinder is strictly prevented from being contaminated with grease, including grease clothes, gloves, etc.
3. Open-air operations must be stopped during thunderstorms to prevent lightning strikes and steel bars from injuring people.
4. Before using the cutting machine, check whether the machine is operating normally and whether there is secondary leakage protection; flammable items are not allowed to be stacked behind the cutting machine.
5. Cut off short steel bars less than 30cm, clamp them tightly with pliers, and do not hold them with hands, and set up protective boxes on the outside to cover or face the unmanned area. Rebar breakage, batching, bending and other work should be carried out on the ground and must not be operated at high altitudes.
6. When binding the steel bars on the wall, do not stand on the steel hoop or horizontal bars.
7. When working at high altitude, do not pile the steel bars together on the template and scaffolding board , and do not place tools, steel hoops, and short steel bars on the scaffolding board at will to avoid slipping down and hurting people.
6. Template installation safety technical briefing
1. When installing the template, the operator should have a reliable foothold and should stand in a safe place to operate.Operators should take the initiative to avoid hanging objects and enhance their safety awareness of self-protection and mutual protection
2. The supporting mold should be carried out according to the prescribed operating procedures. The next process shall not be carried out before the template is fixed.
3. During the mold support process, if you need to stop in the middle, the template and support should be fixed. When dismantling the molds during breaking, the movable templates, support, etc. should be transported away or properly stacked to prevent falling due to lapse into the air or supporting the air.
4. When installed on the base soil, a pad should be added, and the base soil must be solid and drained.
5. A template with a support height of more than 3m should be provided with diagonal support around it, and an operating platform should be set up. The support should not be placed on the scaffolding.
6. Scaffolding or operating table should be set up for high altitude operations, and ladders should be used up and down.
7. In case of strong winds above level 6, high-altitude operations outside should be suspended. After rain or snow, the construction site should be cleaned first, and the work should be resumed when the ground is slightly dry and not slipping.
7. Safety briefing for cast-in-place concrete
1. When pouring 2m off the ground, an operating platform should be set up and no direct operation should be carried out on the formwork or support.
2. There should be sufficient lighting during night construction, and temporary wires must be overhead above 2.5m high.
3. The pumping equipment should be placed at a certain distance from the edge of the foundation pit. No obstacles and no high voltage lines within the working range.
4. Before using the vibrator, check: the power supply voltage, and a leakage switch must be installed in the transmission; protect whether the power supply line is good, and the power supply line must not have connectors. When the vibrator moves, the wires cannot be pulled hard, and it cannot be dragged on steel bars and other sharp objects to prevent cutting and breaking the wires and causing electric shock casualties. Wear rubber shoes when using vibrator, and wet hands should not touch the switch.
5. In the case of heavy snow, storm, thunderstorm (level 6 wind or above), high altitude operations shall not be carried out in the open air.
