Construction site safety , Top ten Note special , and Supervision plan !
1. Temporary supervision measures
Work content of temporary supervision:
1. Urge construction units to establish and improve the "dormitory management system" and "sanitation system".
2. Check the implementation of various systems and strictly rectify the unqualified points and areas.
3. Urge the construction unit to organize personnel to conduct regular inspections. If the dormitory is found dirty, messy or poor, they will be ordered to make rectifications.
4. Inspection and urge construction units to do a good job in temporary fire prevention. If the person is not there, cut off the power and lock the door.
5. In winter dormitories, fires and gas poisoning should be prevented. Do not pull and connect wires randomly, do not use electric stoves or kerosene stoves, do not use light bulbs above 100W, do not dry clothes in the sun, and do not place flammable and explosive items in the dormitory.
6. The dormitory should be kept clean and tidy.
7. There is no debris under the bed, the surface of the table and chairs is free of dust, and the windows are bright.
8. Urge the construction unit to arrange a duty table in the dormitory so that employees can clean consciously.
9. Men and women are strictly prohibited from living in the dormitory, and single shops are adopted.
2. Construction safety management supervision measures
(I) Work content of safety supervision
1. The main work of safety supervision in the construction preparation stage
(1) Timely assist the owner in handling the project safety supervision procedures and assist the owner in drafting the safety production agreement.
(2) Check whether the main person in charge of the construction unit, the project person in charge and full-time safety production management personnel have passed the assessment and whether they are equipped according to regulations.
(3) Review the safety production licenses and enterprise qualifications of construction units, professional contractors and labor subcontractors.
(4) Review the qualifications of special operations personnel, urge construction units to do a good job in the treatment of hidden dangers in engineering projects, and urge construction units to conduct safety education and safety briefings.
(5) Urge construction units to establish and improve the safety production guarantee system at the construction site, and urge construction units to inspect the safety production system of the subcontracting enterprises.
(6) Review the construction organization design, safety technical measures, safety construction measures and emergency rescue plans prepared by the construction unit.
2. Main work of safety supervision of construction projects
(1) Supervise the construction unit to organize construction in accordance with mandatory standards for engineering construction and special safety construction plans to stop illegal operations.
(2) Check and urge the construction unit to implement safety protection measures for various parts of the sub-project in accordance with standards and specifications.
(3) Urge the construction units to conduct safety self-inspection, inspect on-site civilized construction and fire safety, and participate in the safety inspection of the construction site.
(4) Check the acceptance procedures of construction machinery and safety facilities of the construction unit and sign opinions. They shall not be put into use without the signature of the safety supervision personnel.
(5) Safety supervision personnel should conduct on-site supervision and inspection of key processes in high-risk operations.
(6) collects safety supervision information in a timely and accurate manner, rectifies safety supervision documents, and establishes safety supervision files.
(2) Supervision measures for "Three Treasures and Four Members"
Security Protection
1. Operators must use the "Three Treasures" as required; strictly implement the "Four-Ports" safety protection.
(1) The plate with a plane reserved hole of no less than 25㎝×25㎝ should be firmly fixed; 25㎝×25㎝-1.5㎝×1.5㎝, around there are upper and lower handrails, net fences, and flat nets at the entrance of the hole.
(2) Set up upper and lower handrails on the edge of the structure, enclosed with nets, marked with red and white paint, and set up a double-layer isolation protective shed at several entrances and exits of the building and next to the derricks.
2. Check the installation of the safety net. When removing the formwork on the second floor and above, the building will be closed with a secure net, and the formwork can only be removed after it is installed firmly.
3. Check whether the layout of the construction unit’s on-site safety signs and warning signs complies with the specifications.
mechanical equipment
tower crane can only be used after being accepted by the superior competent department. It should be operated by a full-time driver. The "Ten No Hanging" regulations should be strictly abide by. Sufficient lighting should be provided during night construction.
Construction site safety , Top ten Note special , and Supervision plan !
1. Temporary supervision measures
Work content of temporary supervision:
1. Urge construction units to establish and improve the "dormitory management system" and "sanitation system".
2. Check the implementation of various systems and strictly rectify the unqualified points and areas.
3. Urge the construction unit to organize personnel to conduct regular inspections. If the dormitory is found dirty, messy or poor, they will be ordered to make rectifications.
4. Inspection and urge construction units to do a good job in temporary fire prevention. If the person is not there, cut off the power and lock the door.
5. In winter dormitories, fires and gas poisoning should be prevented. Do not pull and connect wires randomly, do not use electric stoves or kerosene stoves, do not use light bulbs above 100W, do not dry clothes in the sun, and do not place flammable and explosive items in the dormitory.
6. The dormitory should be kept clean and tidy.
7. There is no debris under the bed, the surface of the table and chairs is free of dust, and the windows are bright.
8. Urge the construction unit to arrange a duty table in the dormitory so that employees can clean consciously.
9. Men and women are strictly prohibited from living in the dormitory, and single shops are adopted.
2. Construction safety management supervision measures
(I) Work content of safety supervision
1. The main work of safety supervision in the construction preparation stage
(1) Timely assist the owner in handling the project safety supervision procedures and assist the owner in drafting the safety production agreement.
(2) Check whether the main person in charge of the construction unit, the project person in charge and full-time safety production management personnel have passed the assessment and whether they are equipped according to regulations.
(3) Review the safety production licenses and enterprise qualifications of construction units, professional contractors and labor subcontractors.
(4) Review the qualifications of special operations personnel, urge construction units to do a good job in the treatment of hidden dangers in engineering projects, and urge construction units to conduct safety education and safety briefings.
(5) Urge construction units to establish and improve the safety production guarantee system at the construction site, and urge construction units to inspect the safety production system of the subcontracting enterprises.
(6) Review the construction organization design, safety technical measures, safety construction measures and emergency rescue plans prepared by the construction unit.
2. Main work of safety supervision of construction projects
(1) Supervise the construction unit to organize construction in accordance with mandatory standards for engineering construction and special safety construction plans to stop illegal operations.
(2) Check and urge the construction unit to implement safety protection measures for various parts of the sub-project in accordance with standards and specifications.
(3) Urge the construction units to conduct safety self-inspection, inspect on-site civilized construction and fire safety, and participate in the safety inspection of the construction site.
(4) Check the acceptance procedures of construction machinery and safety facilities of the construction unit and sign opinions. They shall not be put into use without the signature of the safety supervision personnel.
(5) Safety supervision personnel should conduct on-site supervision and inspection of key processes in high-risk operations.
(6) collects safety supervision information in a timely and accurate manner, rectifies safety supervision documents, and establishes safety supervision files.
(2) Supervision measures for "Three Treasures and Four Members"
Security Protection
1. Operators must use the "Three Treasures" as required; strictly implement the "Four-Ports" safety protection.
(1) The plate with a plane reserved hole of no less than 25㎝×25㎝ should be firmly fixed; 25㎝×25㎝-1.5㎝×1.5㎝, around there are upper and lower handrails, net fences, and flat nets at the entrance of the hole.
(2) Set up upper and lower handrails on the edge of the structure, enclosed with nets, marked with red and white paint, and set up a double-layer isolation protective shed at several entrances and exits of the building and next to the derricks.
2. Check the installation of the safety net. When removing the formwork on the second floor and above, the building will be closed with a secure net, and the formwork can only be removed after it is installed firmly.
3. Check whether the layout of the construction unit’s on-site safety signs and warning signs complies with the specifications.
mechanical equipment
tower crane can only be used after being accepted by the superior competent department. It should be operated by a full-time driver. The "Ten No Hanging" regulations should be strictly abide by. Sufficient lighting should be provided during night construction.During work breaks and after work, heavy objects are not allowed to hang in the air. In the event of strong winds, corresponding safety measures should be taken.
3. Safety supervision measures for foundation pit support projects
earth excavation should be determined based on the height of the engineering geology and soil slope, combined with the local slope similar to soil. Earth excavation should be carried out in layers from top to bottom in sequence, and a certain slope should be made at any time to facilitate drainage and no water accumulation should be accumulated within the range that affects the stability of the slope. During excavation, you should pay attention to changes in the soil wall at any time. If a crack-like partial collapse is found, support or change the slope in time, and pay attention to the stability of the support and changes in the slope. The excavator should be kept at least 2.3 meters thick in the basement and not excavated. Finally, manually repair and dig to the design elevation, and pile up soil at the edge of the pit. Materials and construction machinery should be kept at a certain distance from the edge of the pit. When the soil is of good quality, it should be 1 meter away from the edge of the pit and the stacking height should not exceed 1.5 meters.
4. Technical supervision measures for safety of tower crane installation
1. Special construction plans should be prepared for the installation and dismantling of tower cranes.
2. Preparation before installation
disassembly and assemble, comprehensive inspection should be carried out to prevent any hidden dangers and ensure safe operation.
(1) Check whether the concrete fixed foundation meets technical requirements. The concrete strength should not be lower than C35 foundation surface flatness deviation shall not exceed 1/1000.
(2) Check all mechanisms, components, structural welds, and bolt pins, lifting mechanisms, wire ropes, hooks, slings, electrical equipment, lines, etc. of important components. Check the disassembled tower crane and deal with problems in a timely manner.
(3) conducts a comprehensive inspection of the tools, seat belts and safety helmets used by disassembly and assemble personnel, and replace them immediately if they fail.
(4) Check the power supply, lock box and power supply circuit to ensure the normal operation of the power supply.
(5) Check whether the relevant conditions of the operation site, transportation road and other operation sites meet the conditions for disassembly and assembly.
(6) Technical personnel and operators meet the specification requirements.
(7) Safety measures meet the requirements
3. Safety technology in dismantling and assembly of tower cranes should be carried out during the day and should not be carried out during strong winds, fog or rainy days.
(2) During the entire disassembly and assembly process, the site must be kept clean and orderly. In order to place the crane under the structure, a mat must be placed to prevent damage or deformation.
(3) The wire rope used for installation and installation must comply with the standards and meet the installation requirements.
(4) Before assembling or installing parts one by one, the integrity, connection, wire rope winding and electrical wiring of each part must be conducted.
(5) During the disassembly and assembly process, if there is a sudden power outage, mechanical failure, weather breakage, etc. , the operation cannot be continued. The crane must be installed and removed in a stable state and locked firmly. All structural components are firmly connected. The center of gravity line on the top of the tower is at the center of the support edge of the bottom tower. Only after checking and confirming that the operation is correct can be stopped. When installing
(6), the specified bolts, pins, shafts and other connectors should be used according to safety requirements. When tightening the bolt, the specified pinch force should be met. Bolts, locks and shafts should have reliable locking or protection devices.
(7) Installation procedures, auxiliary equipment, rigging, tools and ground anchors shall comply with the provisions of the machine operating instructions or refer to the standard installation process.
4. Acceptance of tower crane
tower crane is installed, the user unit of the tower crane shall organize acceptance, and the acceptance unit includes the installation unit of the tower crane user unit.
5. Safe use of tower cranes
(1) Tower crane drivers should have a certain level of education and be over 18 years old.
(II) Do not suffer from color blindness or hearing impairment, and corrected vision must not be less than 5.0.
(3) Do not suffer from heart disease, hypertension, anemia, epilepsy, dizziness, fat loss and other diseases and physiological defects that hinder lifting operations.
(4) passed the training of relevant departments and was certified to work.
6. The use of tower cranes should comply with the safety technical standards, specifications and regulations of the country and competent departments, and should also comply with the relevant provisions in the instruction manual.
(1) Daily inspection and pre-use inspection.
(2) The uneven settlement of concrete foundations should be checked.
(3) The distance between any part of the crane and the transmission line shall comply with relevant regulations.
(4) Check whether the metal structure and appearance structure of the tower crane are normal.
(5)All safety devices and indicator instruments are complete and effective.
(6) Is the connection bolts of the main components loose?
(7) Whether the wire rope wear and pulley wear meet the regulations.
(8) Whether the grounding of the tower crane and the connection between the electrical equipment shell and the body meet the specifications.
(9) The distribution box and power switch settings should meet the requirements.
7. Precautions during use
(1) Before operation, air operation should be carried out to check whether all working mechanisms, brakes and safety devices are normal.
(2) The tower crane driver should cooperate with the on-site command staff.
(3) limit shall not be used as a stop switch for lifting and lowering weights, and shall not fall freely.
(4) Pile pulling, wire pulling, wire pulling and overloading operations are strictly prohibited. It is strictly forbidden to use tower cranes to transport personnel, and to directly use hooks to hang objects.
(5) Stop using it when the wind power exceeds 6 levels.
(6) Any safety device alarm during operation should be found out the cause, and the safety device shall not be removed at will. After the operation of
(7), turn all working mechanism switches to zero and cut off the main power supply.
(8) During maintenance and repair, the tower press should be cut off and a warning sign should be hung on the switch box.
5. Safety technical measures for template engineering
(I) Regulations on template installation
1. Review the special design plan before installation, check whether the load, calculation method, and node structure in the template structural design and construction instructions meet the actual situation, and whether there is an installation and demolition plan.
2. The construction unit provides a comprehensive and detailed safety technical briefing on the formwork construction team.
3. Use qualified templates and accessories.
4. When the support part of the vertical formwork is installed on the foundation soil, a pad should be added.
5. During the installation of templates and their brackets, effective anti-capsulation temporary fixing facilities must be used.
6. The upper formwork and support of cast-in-place multi-story or high-rise houses and structures shall meet the following requirements:
(1) The lower floor slab shall have a bearing capacity to withstand the upper load or be supported by brackets.
(2) upper support column should be aligned with the lower support column, and a pad should be installed at the bottom of the column.
(3) When using the lifting mold and truss support mold method, the bearing capacity and stiffness of its support structure must meet the requirements.
7. When the template installation height exceeds 2.0 meters, a scaffolding or platform must be erected.
8. When installing the template, someone should respond to it from top to bottom, and throwing is strictly prohibited. No formwork shall be placed on doors and window frames, no scaffolding shall be placed on the formwork, and no formwork shall be connected with tic-tac, scaffolding or operating platform.
9. When lifting the template vertically, the following requirements must be met:
(1) During the lifting process, a dedicated person should be assigned to command, unify the signal, and closely cooperate.
(2) When lifting large or integral templates, no less than two lifting points vertically and no less than four lifting points horizontally, and must be connected with a snap ring.
(3) When hoisting bulk templates, they must be neatly placed and tied firmly before they can be hoisted.
10. When the wind power exceeds level 5, all lifting work should be stopped.
11. Vertical templates with a height of more than 2m shall not be assembled on the lower template.
12. When the bracket is inclined at a certain angle or the bracket surface is inclined, reliable measures should be taken to ensure the stability of the fulcrum, and reliable anti-slip measures must be taken for the foot of the bracket.
13. Unless otherwise specified in the design drawings, all vertical support columns shall be vertical. The perpendicular allowable deviation of the floor height is 6 mm when it is greater than 5 meters, and the perpendicular allowable deviation of the floor height is 8 mm when it is greater than 5 meters.
14. When installing the secondary support of the beam slab, no construction load shall act on the beam slab, and the support position must be accurate.
15. Supporting columns or trusses must have reliable measures to maintain stability.
(2) Template removal stipulates
1. The order and method of dismantling various templates must be carried out according to the template design regulations.When there is no design requirement for the formwork, it can be supported first and then removed, first and then removed; the non-load-bearing formwork can be removed first. After the load-bearing formwork and bracket are removed, they are removed in sequence.
2. The removed template must be cleaned as soon as it is removed to avoid sticking and causing traffic accidents.
3. There must be no one below when removing the mold, in case someone accidentally hurts it.
4. The removed template should be transported downwards and echoed from top to bottom. It is not allowed to pry hard to remove it, causing large formwork to collapse.
5. Demolition must be carried out during the day and should be removed one by one. All items of the removed parts and operating platforms shall not fall from high altitudes.
6. When encountering thunderstorm, heavy fog, heavy snow or wind speed above level 5, sliding mold removal operations shall not be carried out.
6. Technical supervision measures for scaffolding safety
fastener scaffolding must meet the following requirements:
1. Vertical and cross rods and vertical rods must be set. The intersections of the three rods are connected to each other with right-angle fasteners and as close as possible. The fastener connection between the three vertical poles is called the fastener scaffolding main node.
2. The fastener bolts should be tightened and the torque should be 40-65N? m to ensure that the scaffolding nodes have the necessary stiffness and load-bearing capacity.
3. A sufficient number of wall connecting parts must be set up according to the design calculation requirements. This type of wall connecting piece should act as a support point, restrain the lateral deformation of the scaffolding (perpendicular to the building wall), prevent the lateral instability or overturning of the scaffolding, and reliably transmit wind loads.
4. The foundation of the scaffolding pole must be firm and have sufficient bearing capacity to prevent uneven or excessive settlement.
5. Longitudinal shear braces and transverse oblique braces should be set so that the scaffold has sufficient overall longitudinal and transverse stiffness.
6. Fasteners should have factory certificates. If they are found to have brittle cracks or deformed silk, they are strictly prohibited.
7. The wooden board should be fir or pine with a thickness of not less than 5 cm, and the width is 20-30 cm. Decayed, twisted, twilled, broken or penetrated wooden boards shall not be used.
8. The vertical poles of steel pipes of the outer scaffolding should be placed vertically on the mattress. The spacing between the vertical poles shall not be greater than 2 meters, the spacing between the large cross rods shall not be greater than 1.2 meters, and the spacing between the small cross rods shall not be greater than 1.5 meters. The joints of the steel pipes and the large cross rods shall be staggered. The connection shall be made of fastening bolts and shall not be tied with iron wire.
9. The scissors support and upright poles should be set at both ends of the scaffolding and at the corners of every 6-7 upright poles. The angle between the scissors strut and the support pole and the ground shall not be greater than 60 degrees, the buried depth at the bottom of the strut shall not be less than 30 cm, the height of the frame is 4 meters, and the scaffolding shall be firmly connected to the building every 7 meters in the horizontal direction.
10. The auxiliary frame plate must not have gaps or probe plates, and the scaffolding overlap shall not be less than 20 cm. When the joints are installed, double rows of small cross bars shall be installed, and the spacing shall not be less than 2 cm. At the corner of the shelf, the scaffolding should be crossed and overlapped, and the wooden boards should be covered with wooden blocks and tied tightly, and no bricks should be placed.
11. The scaffolding board should be flipped in sequence by two people from the inside to the outside. When flipping the first or last scaffolding board, you must fasten your seat belt.
7. Technical supervision measures for safety of high-altitude operations
1. Regular physical examinations must be conducted in high-altitude operations. After diagnosis by the doctor, anyone suffering from high-altitude operations such as hypertension, heart disease, anemia, epilepsy, etc. shall not engage in high-altitude operations.
2. High-altitude working clothing should be flexible, and it is strictly forbidden to wear hard-soled iron and slippery shoes.
3. The materials used for high-altitude operations should be stacked smoothly, and tools should be easily placed in the tool bag. It is prohibited to throw objects up and down.
4. When there is wind force above level 6 that affects construction safety, open-air high-altitude hoisting is prohibited.
5. Safety nets or railings should be installed in the holes and dangerous areas around the construction site to prevent falling.
8. Safety supervision plan for on-site construction electricity use
With the rapid development of the construction industry, the safety of on-site construction electricity use is particularly important. In order to ensure that there are no electric shock accidents throughout the construction process, eliminate hidden dangers, improve the safety and quality of construction electricity use, and enable safe electricity use to achieve the purpose of specifications, standards and safety. According to the requirements of the "Technical Specifications for Electric Power Safety in On-site Construction" (JGJ46-2005) and (JGJ46-88), as well as the actual situation on site, the following plan is specially formulated.
(I) Check whether the on-site construction power supply construction organization design submitted by the construction unit meets the specification requirements.
(II) Draw a general floor plan for construction electricity based on the overall plan.
(3) arrange construction according to the floor plan. The line is a three-phase five-wire system, namely the TN-S system. The overhead line shall not be less than 5m, the poles are 25m-40m, and the conductors are 3m away from the building. The cable must be buried in the steel pipe, and joints are strictly prohibited from being underground.
(4) Construction electricity adopts three-level distribution and two-level protection, and the junction box adopts one machine, one gate, one leak and one box.
(5) distribution box adopts a standard iron distribution box, with regular wiring in the box, good door locks, and clear line markings.
(6) The distribution room or transformer should have a shell. And set obvious safety warning signs. Built-in carbon dioxide fire extinguisher or carbon tetrachloride fire extinguisher.
(7) The secondary distribution box is located near the concentrated power consumption equipment, and the third-level distribution box is less than 3m away from the equipment.
(8) Tower crane power supply must be equipped with independent loop control.
(9) On-site grounding trunk and branch wire are introduced by the grounding network, using 40×4 galvanized flat steel, with a grounding resistance of less than 4 ohms.
(10) The metal shell of electrical equipment should have obvious grounding points, and the shell of the hand-dive power tool should be reliably grounded.
(11) The support and fixing of the mobile distribution box should be firm and reliable, and the wiring is made of 5-core rubber soft cable.
(12) accurately calculates the construction power load, and selects the switching equipment and wire diameters based on the maximum current and voltage drop coefficients.
(13) Electrical equipment should have test, inspection and acceptance records. Regular inspections should be recorded in writing.
(14) lighting should be laid separately, and PVC pipes are used to cover each other, and random pulling and connecting are not allowed.
(15) Portable lighting should use a running light transformer with a voltage less than 36V or 24V.
(16) Electricians are on duty with a certificate, and two electricians cooperate with supervision. When working in the distribution room, wear insulated shoes and insulated gloves. Wear a seat belt when working at high altitudes.
(17) Non-electricians are not allowed to connect or replace electrical facilities privately.
(18) Supervision personnel should strictly enforce the law and inspect and inspect. If there is any unreasonableness, they should immediately ask the construction unit to make rectifications until they are qualified.
9. Fire safety supervision measures
1. Establish a fire management leadership group headed by project managers, and pay attention to the implementation of fire protection measures.
2. The fire protection facilities of this project require a temporary fire hydrant to be set up every two floors, and a closed manual switch is set up next to each fire hydrant to start the temporary fire pump in the event of a fire.
3. Implement the three-level fire prevention approval system, strictly manage fire, and strengthen the responsibility system for fire prevention guardians.
4. Two fire extinguishers are set up every 30 meters in the construction scaffolding, one is set up every other floor, and the mechanical equipment operation shed is equipped with corresponding fire extinguishing equipment.
5. Fire fighting equipment must be inspected and replaced by designated personnel to ensure the effectiveness of use. For the project's fire protection facilities, the safety specialist is responsible for daily supervision and maintenance to ensure that this important emergency rescue system is not abused and can operate normally 24 hours a day.
6. Fire management personnel should study and train regularly, and organize construction personnel to conduct on-site operation demonstrations on-site operation of fire-fighting equipment, improve everyone's fire prevention awareness, and standardize fire management at the construction site.
7. Flammable items should be stored in the warehouse and are not allowed to be stored in the project. Isolation measures shall be taken and must not be mixed with other items.
8. Oxygen cylinders and acetylene cylinders are placed in special warehouses respectively.
10. Fire safety supervision on construction site
1. Establish a fire prevention system
(1) The construction site should establish and improve a fire prevention inspection system.
(2) Establish a voluntary fire brigade, with the number of people not less than 1% of the total number of construction personnel.
(3) Establish an open flame application approval system, divide the levels according to regulations, complete approval procedures, and have monitoring measures.
2, equipped with fire-fighting equipment
(1) Temporary building area is equipped with 2 fire extinguishers for every 100㎡.
(2) Large temporary facilities with a total area of more than 1200㎡ should be equipped with buckets (pools) and yellow sand pools specifically for firefighting. No items shall be stacked around the above facilities.
(3) Temporary woodworking room, paint room, woodworking room, mechanical room, etc.A suitable type of fire extinguisher should be equipped every 25m2, and a sufficient number of suitable type of fire extinguisher should be equipped with a dangerous goods warehouse of the oil warehouse.
(4) Construction site of high-rise buildings with a height of more than 24 meters shall be equipped with high-pressure pumps or other fire-fighting equipment and facilities with sufficient head.
3. Fire protection requirements at the construction site
(1) When each unit prepares the construction organization design, the overall construction plan, construction method and construction process should comply with fire safety requirements.
(2) The construction site should be clearly divided into areas such as fire operation areas, flammable and combustible material yards, warehouses, flammable waste concentrated stations, and living areas.
(3) There should be lighting equipment on the night construction site to keep the fire lane unobstructed, and arrange forces to strengthen on-duty patrols.
(4) When temporary buildings need to be built during construction, they must be approved by the technical person in charge of the construction company and should be demolished in a timely manner after the construction is completed. But it is not to build temporary buildings under high-pressure overhead or stack flammable items.
(5) The construction site should be equipped with sufficient fire-fighting equipment, and designated personnel should be provided for maintenance and management, and updated regularly to ensure good use.
(6) Civil buildings should be equipped with fire-fighting equipment and facilities first, and outdoor fire pumps and fire hydrants should be laid if conditions permit.
(7) The distance between the welding cutting operation point and the oxygen cylinder, calcium carbide barrel, acetylene generator and other dangerous goods shall not be less than 10 meters, and the distance between the flammable and explosive items shall not be less than 30 meters. If the above requirements are not met, the fire approval system should be implemented and effective safety isolation measures should be taken.
(8) The distance between the acetylene generator and the oxygen cylinder shall not be less than 2m, and shall not be less than 5m when used.
(9) Safety accessories on welding and cutting equipment such as oxygen cylinders, acetylene generators, etc. should be complete and effective, otherwise they shall not be used.
(10) Welding and cutting operations at the construction site must comply with fire protection requirements and strictly implement the "Ten No Burning" regulations.
(11) When insulation and heating measures are used in winter construction, the following requirements should be met:
is heated by an electric heater, the voltage regulator control voltage is set, the wires are insulated well, the connection is firm, and several measurement points are set on site.
When using sawdust quicklime to store heat, a safe formula ratio should be selected and can only be used with the approval of the engineering and technical personnel.
before taking insulation or heating measures, safety education should be carried out. During the construction process, special personnel should be sent to inspect and deal with hidden dangers in a timely manner.
(12) The fire at the construction site must be subject to the approval system.
The administrative person in charge of the unit conducting first-level fire operation should fill out the application form for fire operation and prepare safety technical measures. The fire can only be started after being reviewed and approved by the company's safety department and fire department.
Secondary fire operation can be carried out only after the construction site and workshop person in charge fills out the fire application form, prepares safety technical measures and reports to the unit’s competent department for review and approval.
Level 3 fire operation is completed by the team and can only be started after approval by the construction site and workshop person in charge and person in charge. Fire operation in
and important units and other places shall be submitted for approval step by step according to the fire operation procedures.
(2) The uneven settlement of concrete foundations should be checked.
(3) The distance between any part of the crane and the transmission line shall comply with relevant regulations.
(4) Check whether the metal structure and appearance structure of the tower crane are normal.
(5)All safety devices and indicator instruments are complete and effective.
(6) Is the connection bolts of the main components loose?
(7) Whether the wire rope wear and pulley wear meet the regulations.
(8) Whether the grounding of the tower crane and the connection between the electrical equipment shell and the body meet the specifications.
(9) The distribution box and power switch settings should meet the requirements.
7. Precautions during use
(1) Before operation, air operation should be carried out to check whether all working mechanisms, brakes and safety devices are normal.
(2) The tower crane driver should cooperate with the on-site command staff.
(3) limit shall not be used as a stop switch for lifting and lowering weights, and shall not fall freely.
(4) Pile pulling, wire pulling, wire pulling and overloading operations are strictly prohibited. It is strictly forbidden to use tower cranes to transport personnel, and to directly use hooks to hang objects.
(5) Stop using it when the wind power exceeds 6 levels.
(6) Any safety device alarm during operation should be found out the cause, and the safety device shall not be removed at will. After the operation of
(7), turn all working mechanism switches to zero and cut off the main power supply.
(8) During maintenance and repair, the tower press should be cut off and a warning sign should be hung on the switch box.
5. Safety technical measures for template engineering
(I) Regulations on template installation
1. Review the special design plan before installation, check whether the load, calculation method, and node structure in the template structural design and construction instructions meet the actual situation, and whether there is an installation and demolition plan.
2. The construction unit provides a comprehensive and detailed safety technical briefing on the formwork construction team.
3. Use qualified templates and accessories.
4. When the support part of the vertical formwork is installed on the foundation soil, a pad should be added.
5. During the installation of templates and their brackets, effective anti-capsulation temporary fixing facilities must be used.
6. The upper formwork and support of cast-in-place multi-story or high-rise houses and structures shall meet the following requirements:
(1) The lower floor slab shall have a bearing capacity to withstand the upper load or be supported by brackets.
(2) upper support column should be aligned with the lower support column, and a pad should be installed at the bottom of the column.
(3) When using the lifting mold and truss support mold method, the bearing capacity and stiffness of its support structure must meet the requirements.
7. When the template installation height exceeds 2.0 meters, a scaffolding or platform must be erected.
8. When installing the template, someone should respond to it from top to bottom, and throwing is strictly prohibited. No formwork shall be placed on doors and window frames, no scaffolding shall be placed on the formwork, and no formwork shall be connected with tic-tac, scaffolding or operating platform.
9. When lifting the template vertically, the following requirements must be met:
(1) During the lifting process, a dedicated person should be assigned to command, unify the signal, and closely cooperate.
(2) When lifting large or integral templates, no less than two lifting points vertically and no less than four lifting points horizontally, and must be connected with a snap ring.
(3) When hoisting bulk templates, they must be neatly placed and tied firmly before they can be hoisted.
10. When the wind power exceeds level 5, all lifting work should be stopped.
11. Vertical templates with a height of more than 2m shall not be assembled on the lower template.
12. When the bracket is inclined at a certain angle or the bracket surface is inclined, reliable measures should be taken to ensure the stability of the fulcrum, and reliable anti-slip measures must be taken for the foot of the bracket.
13. Unless otherwise specified in the design drawings, all vertical support columns shall be vertical. The perpendicular allowable deviation of the floor height is 6 mm when it is greater than 5 meters, and the perpendicular allowable deviation of the floor height is 8 mm when it is greater than 5 meters.
14. When installing the secondary support of the beam slab, no construction load shall act on the beam slab, and the support position must be accurate.
15. Supporting columns or trusses must have reliable measures to maintain stability.
(2) Template removal stipulates
1. The order and method of dismantling various templates must be carried out according to the template design regulations.
Construction site safety , Top ten Note special , and Supervision plan !
1. Temporary supervision measures
Work content of temporary supervision:
1. Urge construction units to establish and improve the "dormitory management system" and "sanitation system".
2. Check the implementation of various systems and strictly rectify the unqualified points and areas.
3. Urge the construction unit to organize personnel to conduct regular inspections. If the dormitory is found dirty, messy or poor, they will be ordered to make rectifications.
4. Inspection and urge construction units to do a good job in temporary fire prevention. If the person is not there, cut off the power and lock the door.
5. In winter dormitories, fires and gas poisoning should be prevented. Do not pull and connect wires randomly, do not use electric stoves or kerosene stoves, do not use light bulbs above 100W, do not dry clothes in the sun, and do not place flammable and explosive items in the dormitory.
6. The dormitory should be kept clean and tidy.
7. There is no debris under the bed, the surface of the table and chairs is free of dust, and the windows are bright.
8. Urge the construction unit to arrange a duty table in the dormitory so that employees can clean consciously.
9. Men and women are strictly prohibited from living in the dormitory, and single shops are adopted.
2. Construction safety management supervision measures
(I) Work content of safety supervision
1. The main work of safety supervision in the construction preparation stage
(1) Timely assist the owner in handling the project safety supervision procedures and assist the owner in drafting the safety production agreement.
(2) Check whether the main person in charge of the construction unit, the project person in charge and full-time safety production management personnel have passed the assessment and whether they are equipped according to regulations.
(3) Review the safety production licenses and enterprise qualifications of construction units, professional contractors and labor subcontractors.
(4) Review the qualifications of special operations personnel, urge construction units to do a good job in the treatment of hidden dangers in engineering projects, and urge construction units to conduct safety education and safety briefings.
(5) Urge construction units to establish and improve the safety production guarantee system at the construction site, and urge construction units to inspect the safety production system of the subcontracting enterprises.
(6) Review the construction organization design, safety technical measures, safety construction measures and emergency rescue plans prepared by the construction unit.
2. Main work of safety supervision of construction projects
(1) Supervise the construction unit to organize construction in accordance with mandatory standards for engineering construction and special safety construction plans to stop illegal operations.
(2) Check and urge the construction unit to implement safety protection measures for various parts of the sub-project in accordance with standards and specifications.
(3) Urge the construction units to conduct safety self-inspection, inspect on-site civilized construction and fire safety, and participate in the safety inspection of the construction site.
(4) Check the acceptance procedures of construction machinery and safety facilities of the construction unit and sign opinions. They shall not be put into use without the signature of the safety supervision personnel.
(5) Safety supervision personnel should conduct on-site supervision and inspection of key processes in high-risk operations.
(6) collects safety supervision information in a timely and accurate manner, rectifies safety supervision documents, and establishes safety supervision files.
(2) Supervision measures for "Three Treasures and Four Members"
Security Protection
1. Operators must use the "Three Treasures" as required; strictly implement the "Four-Ports" safety protection.
(1) The plate with a plane reserved hole of no less than 25㎝×25㎝ should be firmly fixed; 25㎝×25㎝-1.5㎝×1.5㎝, around there are upper and lower handrails, net fences, and flat nets at the entrance of the hole.
(2) Set up upper and lower handrails on the edge of the structure, enclosed with nets, marked with red and white paint, and set up a double-layer isolation protective shed at several entrances and exits of the building and next to the derricks.
2. Check the installation of the safety net. When removing the formwork on the second floor and above, the building will be closed with a secure net, and the formwork can only be removed after it is installed firmly.
3. Check whether the layout of the construction unit’s on-site safety signs and warning signs complies with the specifications.
mechanical equipment
tower crane can only be used after being accepted by the superior competent department. It should be operated by a full-time driver. The "Ten No Hanging" regulations should be strictly abide by. Sufficient lighting should be provided during night construction.During work breaks and after work, heavy objects are not allowed to hang in the air. In the event of strong winds, corresponding safety measures should be taken.
3. Safety supervision measures for foundation pit support projects
earth excavation should be determined based on the height of the engineering geology and soil slope, combined with the local slope similar to soil. Earth excavation should be carried out in layers from top to bottom in sequence, and a certain slope should be made at any time to facilitate drainage and no water accumulation should be accumulated within the range that affects the stability of the slope. During excavation, you should pay attention to changes in the soil wall at any time. If a crack-like partial collapse is found, support or change the slope in time, and pay attention to the stability of the support and changes in the slope. The excavator should be kept at least 2.3 meters thick in the basement and not excavated. Finally, manually repair and dig to the design elevation, and pile up soil at the edge of the pit. Materials and construction machinery should be kept at a certain distance from the edge of the pit. When the soil is of good quality, it should be 1 meter away from the edge of the pit and the stacking height should not exceed 1.5 meters.
4. Technical supervision measures for safety of tower crane installation
1. Special construction plans should be prepared for the installation and dismantling of tower cranes.
2. Preparation before installation
disassembly and assemble, comprehensive inspection should be carried out to prevent any hidden dangers and ensure safe operation.
(1) Check whether the concrete fixed foundation meets technical requirements. The concrete strength should not be lower than C35 foundation surface flatness deviation shall not exceed 1/1000.
(2) Check all mechanisms, components, structural welds, and bolt pins, lifting mechanisms, wire ropes, hooks, slings, electrical equipment, lines, etc. of important components. Check the disassembled tower crane and deal with problems in a timely manner.
(3) conducts a comprehensive inspection of the tools, seat belts and safety helmets used by disassembly and assemble personnel, and replace them immediately if they fail.
(4) Check the power supply, lock box and power supply circuit to ensure the normal operation of the power supply.
(5) Check whether the relevant conditions of the operation site, transportation road and other operation sites meet the conditions for disassembly and assembly.
(6) Technical personnel and operators meet the specification requirements.
(7) Safety measures meet the requirements
3. Safety technology in dismantling and assembly of tower cranes should be carried out during the day and should not be carried out during strong winds, fog or rainy days.
(2) During the entire disassembly and assembly process, the site must be kept clean and orderly. In order to place the crane under the structure, a mat must be placed to prevent damage or deformation.
(3) The wire rope used for installation and installation must comply with the standards and meet the installation requirements.
(4) Before assembling or installing parts one by one, the integrity, connection, wire rope winding and electrical wiring of each part must be conducted.
(5) During the disassembly and assembly process, if there is a sudden power outage, mechanical failure, weather breakage, etc. , the operation cannot be continued. The crane must be installed and removed in a stable state and locked firmly. All structural components are firmly connected. The center of gravity line on the top of the tower is at the center of the support edge of the bottom tower. Only after checking and confirming that the operation is correct can be stopped. When installing
(6), the specified bolts, pins, shafts and other connectors should be used according to safety requirements. When tightening the bolt, the specified pinch force should be met. Bolts, locks and shafts should have reliable locking or protection devices.
(7) Installation procedures, auxiliary equipment, rigging, tools and ground anchors shall comply with the provisions of the machine operating instructions or refer to the standard installation process.
4. Acceptance of tower crane
tower crane is installed, the user unit of the tower crane shall organize acceptance, and the acceptance unit includes the installation unit of the tower crane user unit.
5. Safe use of tower cranes
(1) Tower crane drivers should have a certain level of education and be over 18 years old.
(II) Do not suffer from color blindness or hearing impairment, and corrected vision must not be less than 5.0.
(3) Do not suffer from heart disease, hypertension, anemia, epilepsy, dizziness, fat loss and other diseases and physiological defects that hinder lifting operations.
(4) passed the training of relevant departments and was certified to work.
6. The use of tower cranes should comply with the safety technical standards, specifications and regulations of the country and competent departments, and should also comply with the relevant provisions in the instruction manual.
(1) Daily inspection and pre-use inspection.
(2) The uneven settlement of concrete foundations should be checked.
(3) The distance between any part of the crane and the transmission line shall comply with relevant regulations.
(4) Check whether the metal structure and appearance structure of the tower crane are normal.
(5)All safety devices and indicator instruments are complete and effective.
(6) Is the connection bolts of the main components loose?
(7) Whether the wire rope wear and pulley wear meet the regulations.
(8) Whether the grounding of the tower crane and the connection between the electrical equipment shell and the body meet the specifications.
(9) The distribution box and power switch settings should meet the requirements.
7. Precautions during use
(1) Before operation, air operation should be carried out to check whether all working mechanisms, brakes and safety devices are normal.
(2) The tower crane driver should cooperate with the on-site command staff.
(3) limit shall not be used as a stop switch for lifting and lowering weights, and shall not fall freely.
(4) Pile pulling, wire pulling, wire pulling and overloading operations are strictly prohibited. It is strictly forbidden to use tower cranes to transport personnel, and to directly use hooks to hang objects.
(5) Stop using it when the wind power exceeds 6 levels.
(6) Any safety device alarm during operation should be found out the cause, and the safety device shall not be removed at will. After the operation of
(7), turn all working mechanism switches to zero and cut off the main power supply.
(8) During maintenance and repair, the tower press should be cut off and a warning sign should be hung on the switch box.
5. Safety technical measures for template engineering
(I) Regulations on template installation
1. Review the special design plan before installation, check whether the load, calculation method, and node structure in the template structural design and construction instructions meet the actual situation, and whether there is an installation and demolition plan.
2. The construction unit provides a comprehensive and detailed safety technical briefing on the formwork construction team.
3. Use qualified templates and accessories.
4. When the support part of the vertical formwork is installed on the foundation soil, a pad should be added.
5. During the installation of templates and their brackets, effective anti-capsulation temporary fixing facilities must be used.
6. The upper formwork and support of cast-in-place multi-story or high-rise houses and structures shall meet the following requirements:
(1) The lower floor slab shall have a bearing capacity to withstand the upper load or be supported by brackets.
(2) upper support column should be aligned with the lower support column, and a pad should be installed at the bottom of the column.
(3) When using the lifting mold and truss support mold method, the bearing capacity and stiffness of its support structure must meet the requirements.
7. When the template installation height exceeds 2.0 meters, a scaffolding or platform must be erected.
8. When installing the template, someone should respond to it from top to bottom, and throwing is strictly prohibited. No formwork shall be placed on doors and window frames, no scaffolding shall be placed on the formwork, and no formwork shall be connected with tic-tac, scaffolding or operating platform.
9. When lifting the template vertically, the following requirements must be met:
(1) During the lifting process, a dedicated person should be assigned to command, unify the signal, and closely cooperate.
(2) When lifting large or integral templates, no less than two lifting points vertically and no less than four lifting points horizontally, and must be connected with a snap ring.
(3) When hoisting bulk templates, they must be neatly placed and tied firmly before they can be hoisted.
10. When the wind power exceeds level 5, all lifting work should be stopped.
11. Vertical templates with a height of more than 2m shall not be assembled on the lower template.
12. When the bracket is inclined at a certain angle or the bracket surface is inclined, reliable measures should be taken to ensure the stability of the fulcrum, and reliable anti-slip measures must be taken for the foot of the bracket.
13. Unless otherwise specified in the design drawings, all vertical support columns shall be vertical. The perpendicular allowable deviation of the floor height is 6 mm when it is greater than 5 meters, and the perpendicular allowable deviation of the floor height is 8 mm when it is greater than 5 meters.
14. When installing the secondary support of the beam slab, no construction load shall act on the beam slab, and the support position must be accurate.
15. Supporting columns or trusses must have reliable measures to maintain stability.
(2) Template removal stipulates
1. The order and method of dismantling various templates must be carried out according to the template design regulations.When there is no design requirement for the formwork, it can be supported first and then removed, first and then removed; the non-load-bearing formwork can be removed first. After the load-bearing formwork and bracket are removed, they are removed in sequence.
2. The removed template must be cleaned as soon as it is removed to avoid sticking and causing traffic accidents.
3. There must be no one below when removing the mold, in case someone accidentally hurts it.
4. The removed template should be transported downwards and echoed from top to bottom. It is not allowed to pry hard to remove it, causing large formwork to collapse.
5. Demolition must be carried out during the day and should be removed one by one. All items of the removed parts and operating platforms shall not fall from high altitudes.
6. When encountering thunderstorm, heavy fog, heavy snow or wind speed above level 5, sliding mold removal operations shall not be carried out.
6. Technical supervision measures for scaffolding safety
fastener scaffolding must meet the following requirements:
1. Vertical and cross rods and vertical rods must be set. The intersections of the three rods are connected to each other with right-angle fasteners and as close as possible. The fastener connection between the three vertical poles is called the fastener scaffolding main node.
2. The fastener bolts should be tightened and the torque should be 40-65N? m to ensure that the scaffolding nodes have the necessary stiffness and load-bearing capacity.
3. A sufficient number of wall connecting parts must be set up according to the design calculation requirements. This type of wall connecting piece should act as a support point, restrain the lateral deformation of the scaffolding (perpendicular to the building wall), prevent the lateral instability or overturning of the scaffolding, and reliably transmit wind loads.
4. The foundation of the scaffolding pole must be firm and have sufficient bearing capacity to prevent uneven or excessive settlement.
5. Longitudinal shear braces and transverse oblique braces should be set so that the scaffold has sufficient overall longitudinal and transverse stiffness.
6. Fasteners should have factory certificates. If they are found to have brittle cracks or deformed silk, they are strictly prohibited.
7. The wooden board should be fir or pine with a thickness of not less than 5 cm, and the width is 20-30 cm. Decayed, twisted, twilled, broken or penetrated wooden boards shall not be used.
8. The vertical poles of steel pipes of the outer scaffolding should be placed vertically on the mattress. The spacing between the vertical poles shall not be greater than 2 meters, the spacing between the large cross rods shall not be greater than 1.2 meters, and the spacing between the small cross rods shall not be greater than 1.5 meters. The joints of the steel pipes and the large cross rods shall be staggered. The connection shall be made of fastening bolts and shall not be tied with iron wire.
9. The scissors support and upright poles should be set at both ends of the scaffolding and at the corners of every 6-7 upright poles. The angle between the scissors strut and the support pole and the ground shall not be greater than 60 degrees, the buried depth at the bottom of the strut shall not be less than 30 cm, the height of the frame is 4 meters, and the scaffolding shall be firmly connected to the building every 7 meters in the horizontal direction.
10. The auxiliary frame plate must not have gaps or probe plates, and the scaffolding overlap shall not be less than 20 cm. When the joints are installed, double rows of small cross bars shall be installed, and the spacing shall not be less than 2 cm. At the corner of the shelf, the scaffolding should be crossed and overlapped, and the wooden boards should be covered with wooden blocks and tied tightly, and no bricks should be placed.
11. The scaffolding board should be flipped in sequence by two people from the inside to the outside. When flipping the first or last scaffolding board, you must fasten your seat belt.
7. Technical supervision measures for safety of high-altitude operations
1. Regular physical examinations must be conducted in high-altitude operations. After diagnosis by the doctor, anyone suffering from high-altitude operations such as hypertension, heart disease, anemia, epilepsy, etc. shall not engage in high-altitude operations.
2. High-altitude working clothing should be flexible, and it is strictly forbidden to wear hard-soled iron and slippery shoes.
3. The materials used for high-altitude operations should be stacked smoothly, and tools should be easily placed in the tool bag. It is prohibited to throw objects up and down.
4. When there is wind force above level 6 that affects construction safety, open-air high-altitude hoisting is prohibited.
5. Safety nets or railings should be installed in the holes and dangerous areas around the construction site to prevent falling.
8. Safety supervision plan for on-site construction electricity use
With the rapid development of the construction industry, the safety of on-site construction electricity use is particularly important. In order to ensure that there are no electric shock accidents throughout the construction process, eliminate hidden dangers, improve the safety and quality of construction electricity use, and enable safe electricity use to achieve the purpose of specifications, standards and safety. According to the requirements of the "Technical Specifications for Electric Power Safety in On-site Construction" (JGJ46-2005) and (JGJ46-88), as well as the actual situation on site, the following plan is specially formulated.
(I) Check whether the on-site construction power supply construction organization design submitted by the construction unit meets the specification requirements.
(II) Draw a general floor plan for construction electricity based on the overall plan.
(3) arrange construction according to the floor plan. The line is a three-phase five-wire system, namely the TN-S system. The overhead line shall not be less than 5m, the poles are 25m-40m, and the conductors are 3m away from the building. The cable must be buried in the steel pipe, and joints are strictly prohibited from being underground.
(4) Construction electricity adopts three-level distribution and two-level protection, and the junction box adopts one machine, one gate, one leak and one box.
(5) distribution box adopts a standard iron distribution box, with regular wiring in the box, good door locks, and clear line markings.
(6) The distribution room or transformer should have a shell. And set obvious safety warning signs. Built-in carbon dioxide fire extinguisher or carbon tetrachloride fire extinguisher.
(7) The secondary distribution box is located near the concentrated power consumption equipment, and the third-level distribution box is less than 3m away from the equipment.
(8) Tower crane power supply must be equipped with independent loop control.
(9) On-site grounding trunk and branch wire are introduced by the grounding network, using 40×4 galvanized flat steel, with a grounding resistance of less than 4 ohms.
(10) The metal shell of electrical equipment should have obvious grounding points, and the shell of the hand-dive power tool should be reliably grounded.
(11) The support and fixing of the mobile distribution box should be firm and reliable, and the wiring is made of 5-core rubber soft cable.
(12) accurately calculates the construction power load, and selects the switching equipment and wire diameters based on the maximum current and voltage drop coefficients.
(13) Electrical equipment should have test, inspection and acceptance records. Regular inspections should be recorded in writing.
(14) lighting should be laid separately, and PVC pipes are used to cover each other, and random pulling and connecting are not allowed.
(15) Portable lighting should use a running light transformer with a voltage less than 36V or 24V.
(16) Electricians are on duty with a certificate, and two electricians cooperate with supervision. When working in the distribution room, wear insulated shoes and insulated gloves. Wear a seat belt when working at high altitudes.
(17) Non-electricians are not allowed to connect or replace electrical facilities privately.
(18) Supervision personnel should strictly enforce the law and inspect and inspect. If there is any unreasonableness, they should immediately ask the construction unit to make rectifications until they are qualified.
9. Fire safety supervision measures
1. Establish a fire management leadership group headed by project managers, and pay attention to the implementation of fire protection measures.
2. The fire protection facilities of this project require a temporary fire hydrant to be set up every two floors, and a closed manual switch is set up next to each fire hydrant to start the temporary fire pump in the event of a fire.
3. Implement the three-level fire prevention approval system, strictly manage fire, and strengthen the responsibility system for fire prevention guardians.
4. Two fire extinguishers are set up every 30 meters in the construction scaffolding, one is set up every other floor, and the mechanical equipment operation shed is equipped with corresponding fire extinguishing equipment.
5. Fire fighting equipment must be inspected and replaced by designated personnel to ensure the effectiveness of use. For the project's fire protection facilities, the safety specialist is responsible for daily supervision and maintenance to ensure that this important emergency rescue system is not abused and can operate normally 24 hours a day.
6. Fire management personnel should study and train regularly, and organize construction personnel to conduct on-site operation demonstrations on-site operation of fire-fighting equipment, improve everyone's fire prevention awareness, and standardize fire management at the construction site.
7. Flammable items should be stored in the warehouse and are not allowed to be stored in the project. Isolation measures shall be taken and must not be mixed with other items.
8. Oxygen cylinders and acetylene cylinders are placed in special warehouses respectively.
10. Fire safety supervision on construction site
1. Establish a fire prevention system
(1) The construction site should establish and improve a fire prevention inspection system.
(2) Establish a voluntary fire brigade, with the number of people not less than 1% of the total number of construction personnel.
(3) Establish an open flame application approval system, divide the levels according to regulations, complete approval procedures, and have monitoring measures.
2, equipped with fire-fighting equipment
(1) Temporary building area is equipped with 2 fire extinguishers for every 100㎡.
(2) Large temporary facilities with a total area of more than 1200㎡ should be equipped with buckets (pools) and yellow sand pools specifically for firefighting. No items shall be stacked around the above facilities.
(3) Temporary woodworking room, paint room, woodworking room, mechanical room, etc.A suitable type of fire extinguisher should be equipped every 25m2, and a sufficient number of suitable type of fire extinguisher should be equipped with a dangerous goods warehouse of the oil warehouse.
(4) Construction site of high-rise buildings with a height of more than 24 meters shall be equipped with high-pressure pumps or other fire-fighting equipment and facilities with sufficient head.
3. Fire protection requirements at the construction site
(1) When each unit prepares the construction organization design, the overall construction plan, construction method and construction process should comply with fire safety requirements.
(2) The construction site should be clearly divided into areas such as fire operation areas, flammable and combustible material yards, warehouses, flammable waste concentrated stations, and living areas.
(3) There should be lighting equipment on the night construction site to keep the fire lane unobstructed, and arrange forces to strengthen on-duty patrols.
(4) When temporary buildings need to be built during construction, they must be approved by the technical person in charge of the construction company and should be demolished in a timely manner after the construction is completed. But it is not to build temporary buildings under high-pressure overhead or stack flammable items.
(5) The construction site should be equipped with sufficient fire-fighting equipment, and designated personnel should be provided for maintenance and management, and updated regularly to ensure good use.
(6) Civil buildings should be equipped with fire-fighting equipment and facilities first, and outdoor fire pumps and fire hydrants should be laid if conditions permit.
(7) The distance between the welding cutting operation point and the oxygen cylinder, calcium carbide barrel, acetylene generator and other dangerous goods shall not be less than 10 meters, and the distance between the flammable and explosive items shall not be less than 30 meters. If the above requirements are not met, the fire approval system should be implemented and effective safety isolation measures should be taken.
(8) The distance between the acetylene generator and the oxygen cylinder shall not be less than 2m, and shall not be less than 5m when used.
(9) Safety accessories on welding and cutting equipment such as oxygen cylinders, acetylene generators, etc. should be complete and effective, otherwise they shall not be used.
(10) Welding and cutting operations at the construction site must comply with fire protection requirements and strictly implement the "Ten No Burning" regulations.
(11) When insulation and heating measures are used in winter construction, the following requirements should be met:
is heated by an electric heater, the voltage regulator control voltage is set, the wires are insulated well, the connection is firm, and several measurement points are set on site.
When using sawdust quicklime to store heat, a safe formula ratio should be selected and can only be used with the approval of the engineering and technical personnel.
before taking insulation or heating measures, safety education should be carried out. During the construction process, special personnel should be sent to inspect and deal with hidden dangers in a timely manner.
(12) The fire at the construction site must be subject to the approval system.
The administrative person in charge of the unit conducting first-level fire operation should fill out the application form for fire operation and prepare safety technical measures. The fire can only be started after being reviewed and approved by the company's safety department and fire department.
Secondary fire operation can be carried out only after the construction site and workshop person in charge fills out the fire application form, prepares safety technical measures and reports to the unit’s competent department for review and approval.
Level 3 fire operation is completed by the team and can only be started after approval by the construction site and workshop person in charge and person in charge. Fire operation in
and important units and other places shall be submitted for approval step by step according to the fire operation procedures.
(II) Draw a general floor plan for construction electricity based on the overall plan.
(3) arrange construction according to the floor plan. The line is a three-phase five-wire system, namely the TN-S system. The overhead line shall not be less than 5m, the poles are 25m-40m, and the conductors are 3m away from the building. The cable must be buried in the steel pipe, and joints are strictly prohibited from being underground.
(4) Construction electricity adopts three-level distribution and two-level protection, and the junction box adopts one machine, one gate, one leak and one box.
(5) distribution box adopts a standard iron distribution box, with regular wiring in the box, good door locks, and clear line markings.
(6) The distribution room or transformer should have a shell. And set obvious safety warning signs. Built-in carbon dioxide fire extinguisher or carbon tetrachloride fire extinguisher.
(7) The secondary distribution box is located near the concentrated power consumption equipment, and the third-level distribution box is less than 3m away from the equipment.
(8) Tower crane power supply must be equipped with independent loop control.
(9) On-site grounding trunk and branch wire are introduced by the grounding network, using 40×4 galvanized flat steel, with a grounding resistance of less than 4 ohms.
(10) The metal shell of electrical equipment should have obvious grounding points, and the shell of the hand-dive power tool should be reliably grounded.
(11) The support and fixing of the mobile distribution box should be firm and reliable, and the wiring is made of 5-core rubber soft cable.
(12) accurately calculates the construction power load, and selects the switching equipment and wire diameters based on the maximum current and voltage drop coefficients.
(13) Electrical equipment should have test, inspection and acceptance records. Regular inspections should be recorded in writing.
(14) lighting should be laid separately, and PVC pipes are used to cover each other, and random pulling and connecting are not allowed.
(15) Portable lighting should use a running light transformer with a voltage less than 36V or 24V.
(16) Electricians are on duty with a certificate, and two electricians cooperate with supervision. When working in the distribution room, wear insulated shoes and insulated gloves. Wear a seat belt when working at high altitudes.
(17) Non-electricians are not allowed to connect or replace electrical facilities privately.
(18) Supervision personnel should strictly enforce the law and inspect and inspect. If there is any unreasonableness, they should immediately ask the construction unit to make rectifications until they are qualified.
9. Fire safety supervision measures
1. Establish a fire management leadership group headed by project managers, and pay attention to the implementation of fire protection measures.
2. The fire protection facilities of this project require a temporary fire hydrant to be set up every two floors, and a closed manual switch is set up next to each fire hydrant to start the temporary fire pump in the event of a fire.
3. Implement the three-level fire prevention approval system, strictly manage fire, and strengthen the responsibility system for fire prevention guardians.
4. Two fire extinguishers are set up every 30 meters in the construction scaffolding, one is set up every other floor, and the mechanical equipment operation shed is equipped with corresponding fire extinguishing equipment.
5. Fire fighting equipment must be inspected and replaced by designated personnel to ensure the effectiveness of use. For the project's fire protection facilities, the safety specialist is responsible for daily supervision and maintenance to ensure that this important emergency rescue system is not abused and can operate normally 24 hours a day.
6. Fire management personnel should study and train regularly, and organize construction personnel to conduct on-site operation demonstrations on-site operation of fire-fighting equipment, improve everyone's fire prevention awareness, and standardize fire management at the construction site.
7. Flammable items should be stored in the warehouse and are not allowed to be stored in the project. Isolation measures shall be taken and must not be mixed with other items.
8. Oxygen cylinders and acetylene cylinders are placed in special warehouses respectively.
10. Fire safety supervision on construction site
1. Establish a fire prevention system
(1) The construction site should establish and improve a fire prevention inspection system.
(2) Establish a voluntary fire brigade, with the number of people not less than 1% of the total number of construction personnel.
(3) Establish an open flame application approval system, divide the levels according to regulations, complete approval procedures, and have monitoring measures.
2, equipped with fire-fighting equipment
(1) Temporary building area is equipped with 2 fire extinguishers for every 100㎡.
(2) Large temporary facilities with a total area of more than 1200㎡ should be equipped with buckets (pools) and yellow sand pools specifically for firefighting. No items shall be stacked around the above facilities.
(3) Temporary woodworking room, paint room, woodworking room, mechanical room, etc.A suitable type of fire extinguisher should be equipped every 25m2, and a sufficient number of suitable type of fire extinguisher should be equipped with a dangerous goods warehouse of the oil warehouse.
(4) Construction site of high-rise buildings with a height of more than 24 meters shall be equipped with high-pressure pumps or other fire-fighting equipment and facilities with sufficient head.
3. Fire protection requirements at the construction site
(1) When each unit prepares the construction organization design, the overall construction plan, construction method and construction process should comply with fire safety requirements.
(2) The construction site should be clearly divided into areas such as fire operation areas, flammable and combustible material yards, warehouses, flammable waste concentrated stations, and living areas.
(3) There should be lighting equipment on the night construction site to keep the fire lane unobstructed, and arrange forces to strengthen on-duty patrols.
(4) When temporary buildings need to be built during construction, they must be approved by the technical person in charge of the construction company and should be demolished in a timely manner after the construction is completed. But it is not to build temporary buildings under high-pressure overhead or stack flammable items.
(5) The construction site should be equipped with sufficient fire-fighting equipment, and designated personnel should be provided for maintenance and management, and updated regularly to ensure good use.
(6) Civil buildings should be equipped with fire-fighting equipment and facilities first, and outdoor fire pumps and fire hydrants should be laid if conditions permit.
(7) The distance between the welding cutting operation point and the oxygen cylinder, calcium carbide barrel, acetylene generator and other dangerous goods shall not be less than 10 meters, and the distance between the flammable and explosive items shall not be less than 30 meters. If the above requirements are not met, the fire approval system should be implemented and effective safety isolation measures should be taken.
(8) The distance between the acetylene generator and the oxygen cylinder shall not be less than 2m, and shall not be less than 5m when used.
(9) Safety accessories on welding and cutting equipment such as oxygen cylinders, acetylene generators, etc. should be complete and effective, otherwise they shall not be used.
(10) Welding and cutting operations at the construction site must comply with fire protection requirements and strictly implement the "Ten No Burning" regulations.
(11) When insulation and heating measures are used in winter construction, the following requirements should be met:
is heated by an electric heater, the voltage regulator control voltage is set, the wires are insulated well, the connection is firm, and several measurement points are set on site.
When using sawdust quicklime to store heat, a safe formula ratio should be selected and can only be used with the approval of the engineering and technical personnel.
before taking insulation or heating measures, safety education should be carried out. During the construction process, special personnel should be sent to inspect and deal with hidden dangers in a timely manner.
(12) The fire at the construction site must be subject to the approval system.
The administrative person in charge of the unit conducting first-level fire operation should fill out the application form for fire operation and prepare safety technical measures. The fire can only be started after being reviewed and approved by the company's safety department and fire department.
Secondary fire operation can be carried out only after the construction site and workshop person in charge fills out the fire application form, prepares safety technical measures and reports to the unit’s competent department for review and approval.
Level 3 fire operation is completed by the team and can only be started after approval by the construction site and workshop person in charge and person in charge. Fire operation in
and important units and other places shall be submitted for approval step by step according to the fire operation procedures.
