Stroke is an important disease worldwide. It has become the second leading cause of death in my country and has seriously affected the health of our people. The domestic medical community is paying more and more attention to the prevention and treatment of stroke. The risk factors that induce the disease are directly proportional to the incidence and mortality of stroke, and they are constantly rising. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of stroke requires all-round work and is urgent.
The dangers of stroke
In our country, due to people's lack of sufficient understanding of this type of disease, its risk factors are far from being well controlled, and the corresponding prevention, control and treatment measures are still unsatisfactory, and its incidence and prevalence are increasing year by year. has increased, and the case fatality rate is still as high as over 30%.
Among stroke patients in my country, there are 6 million to 7 million survivors. About 3/4 of the survivors have varying degrees of loss of working ability, residual symptoms such as hemiplegia, aphasia, and dementia, and need to be cared for by others.
Therefore, people vividly call cerebral stroke "hemiplegia". It can be seen that even if stroke patients are lucky enough to survive, their quality of life will be seriously reduced. One-third of these patients have completely lost the ability to take care of themselves and rely on society and family to help them prolong their lives. This not only causes a serious economic burden to society and families, but also the psychological burden on family members cannot be ignored.
Definition of stroke
Stroke, commonly known as stroke , is particularly common and frequent in brain neurological diseases. It refers to the stenosis of intracerebral arteries in patients with cerebrovascular diseases due to various predisposing factors. Cerebral blood circulation disorders caused by occlusion or rupture can be divided into ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke.
Predisposing factors for stroke
The impact of stroke depends on the degree and location of the brain injury. Generally speaking, elderly people, those suffering from high blood pressure or other circulatory system problems, congenital fragile cerebral blood vessels, or those who have had a stroke in the past Patients are more susceptible to stroke. Full recovery is possible from minor strokes, but severe strokes can cause permanent disability or death.
1. Vascular risk factors
The main cause of internal carotid artery or vertebral artery stenosis and occlusion is atherosclerosis. In addition, arterial intimal hyperplasia and hypertrophy caused by collagen diseases, hypertension arterial changes, rheumatic heart disease or arteritis, blood diseases , metabolic diseases, drug reactions, tumors, connective tissue diseases , etc., carotid arteries Trauma, tumor compression of the carotid artery, carotid artery thrombosis associated with cervical lymphadenitis and tonsillitis in children, and congenital carotid artery distortion can all cause stenosis and occlusion of the internal carotid artery, or stroke due to blood vessel rupture and bleeding. Cervical spondylosis, bone hyperplasia or skull base compression of the vertebral artery can also cause vertebral artery ischemia.
2. Gender, age, race and other factors.
3. Bad lifestyle
Usually there are multiple risk factors at the same time, such as smoking, unhealthy diet, obesity, lack of moderate exercise, excessive drinking and high homocysteine; as well as the patient's own underlying diseases such as hypertension, diabetes and Hyperlipidemia. will increase the risk of stroke.
Identification of stroke and first aid treatment
Identification of stroke
B (Balance): Have you (he) lost your balance?
E (Eyes): Do you (he) have blurred vision?
F (Face): Can you (he) smile? Do you feel weak or numb on one side of your face?
A (Arm): Can you (he) raise your hands smoothly? Do you feel like you have no strength in one hand or can't lift it at all?
S (Speech): Can you (he) answer the questions fluently? Do you have difficulty speaking or have slurred speech?
T (Time): If any of the above symptoms exist, please call the emergency hotline 120 immediately.
Stroke first aid
When the patient is awake:
- If the patient is awake, he should be allowed to lie on his side, and his head and shoulders should be elevated with soft objects to allow saliva to flow out easily and keep the airway open.
- Remove clothing that blocks breathing and do not allow the patient to eat or drink.
- Remove foreign objects from the patient's mouth
- Maintain the body temperature of the injured
- Keep the injured's airway clean and unobstructed.
When the patient is unconscious:
- Keep the patient in a stable lateral position.
- If the patient is unconscious, check breathing, pulse and level of consciousness immediately.
- Perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation when necessary.
- arranged emergency transport to the hospital.
arranged emergency transport to the hospital. Time is life, less delay and more recovery! Please immediately send the patient to a hospital that has experience in thrombolytic treatment and has the conditions and ability to diagnose and treat the patient.
Taboos of stroke
- Do not take the patient to the hospital alone
- Do not give the patient a diet
- Do not give the patient aspirin and other drugs
- Do not delay treatment
Prevention of stroke
Maintain a healthy diet Balanced eating habits, a light diet , less sugar, less salt, and more fruits and vegetables can prevent diseases such as high blood pressure and diabetes.
Moderate exercise Exercise can promote blood circulation throughout the body and increase blood flow to the brain, thereby preventing atherosclerosis and reducing the probability of stroke. Everyone can choose the exercise that suits them according to their physical condition, exercise for about 30 minutes a day and stick to it for a long time.
Quitting smoking and limiting alcohol consumption Frequent smoking will significantly increase the incidence of stroke; regular drinkers will consume excessive amounts of sodium by eating salty snacks, which will lead to increased blood pressure, making cerebral arteries more likely to rupture and cause cerebral infarction. Stroke. Therefore, you should smoke less and drink less.
Psychological balance should maintain a happy mood and constantly enrich one's own spiritual culture; strengthen the ability to communicate with others, conduct appropriate interpersonal interactions, and eliminate loneliness; constantly adjust oneself and maintain psychological balance.
About Zhongan
