In 1927, he joined Hu Ruoyu, Zhang Ruji, and Li Xuanting to hold a "soldier admonition", and soon after successfully forcing Tang Jiyao to step down, Long Yun was appointed by the Nationalist Government as the chairman of the Yunnan Provincial Government and commander of the 38th Army. 18 years of rule. As a great warlord who ruled a province, Long Yun ruled Yunnan for a long time, occupying almost half of the history of the Republic of China.
Long Yun
Therefore, Long Yun became the longest and strongest one of the four Yunnan kings to rule Yunnan. As a warlord, the army is the foundation of a warlord’s power and territory. So, how many troops did Long Yun, who ruled Yunnan for 18 years, have been able to escort his Yunnan king's throne?
Yunnan Wang Longyun is a very special one among the many warlords of the Republic of China. His special feature is not only because of his strong power and 18 years of rule over Yunnan, but also because of his origin, because Yunnan Wang Longyun is not a Han Chinese, but Yi nationality origin.
Long Yun was born in Zhaotong, Yunnan on November 19, 1884. Due to the fall in his family, Long Yun did not have the opportunity to receive much education when he was young. Instead, he wandered in Sichuan, Yunnan and other places and learned a good boxing technique. .
Yunnan
In 1911, the Revolution of 1911 broke out. When the second Yunnan king Tang Jiyao led the Kunming uprising as the main leader and served as the governor of Guizhou and the governor of Yunnan, Long Yun, only two years younger than Tang Jiyao, still did nothing. However, he was still affected by the revolution and joined the ranks of the rebels with Lu Han and others, becoming a soldier of the Xie Ruyi Echelon of the Dian Army.
Long Yun went to Sichuan with his troops to fight, and because of his outstanding performance, he was recommended to the 4th Cavalry Division of Yunnan Jiangwutang to study. It was in the lecture hall in Yunnan that Long Yun not only learned military knowledge systematically, but also gained a lot of fame during his studies for defeating the French boxer in Kunming. At the same time, he also entered Tang Jiyao’s for the first time. In the eyes.
After graduating from Yunnan Jiangwutang, Long Yun first went to Zhaotong Independence Camp as platoon leader. Soon after, Long Yun was assigned to Tang Jiyao's side. With his shrewdness and talent, coupled with his loyalty, Long Yun quickly It was approved by Tang Jiyao. Z1z
Tang Jiyao
also relied on Tang Jiyao’s appreciation. In just a few years, Long Yun’s position rose rapidly. He served as the squadron leader, brigade deputy, deputy brigade leader, and brigade leader of Tang Jiyao’s guard army. In 1922, Tang Jiyao, who made a comeback after being ousted by Gu Pinzhen, appointed Long Yun as the commander of the Third Army. Long Yun also entered the top of the Dian Army for the first time and became one of the powerful generals in the Dian Army.
On February 6, 1927, due to dissatisfaction with Tang Jiyao’s removal of his military commander position and cancellation of military command, Long Yun, who was appointed by Tang Jiyao as the guard envoy of Kunming, joined the other three Yunnan guard envoys, Hu Ruoyu, also a powerful general of the Yunnan army. Zhang Ruji and Li Xuanting launched a mutiny and finally forced Tang Jiyao to step down.
The second ambitious king of Yunnan, Tang Jiyao, ended his 13-year rule of Yunnan and died soon. After Tang Jiyao was ousted from power, Long Yun and Hu Ruoyu, the strongest soldiers, were unwilling to succumb, and a fierce conflict broke out.
Long Yun
In the melee, Long Yun was caught off guard by Hu Ruoyu and was imprisoned in an iron cage for more than a month. It was also in the iron cage, because his eyes were injured but could not be cured. Long Yun was blind. eye. The war between Long Yun and Hu Ruoyu lasted for nearly three years. It was not until 1929 that Long Yun completely defeated Hu Ruoyu, unified Yunnan, and established his position as the third king of Yunnan.
Soon after the four major guards fell in the Tang Dynasty, the Long Yun subordinate was given the designation of the 38th Army of the National Revolutionary Army by the National Government, and the 38th Army became the most direct line of Longyun. At that time, the 38th Army of Longyun, who personally served as the commander, had a total of 4 divisions: the 97th division under the command of Hu Ying, the veteran of the Yunnan army, the 98th division under the command of the last Yunnan king Luhan, and the 99th division under the command of Zhu Xu. He Meng Kun served as the commander of the 100th division.
However, after the elimination of Hu Ruoyu’s tribe, although Long Yun had secured the throne as the chairman of Yunnan Province, the situation he faced was not optimistic. Due to Tang Jiyao’s long-term military and aggressive military campaigns, coupled with years of civil war, Yunnan bandits were everywhere. The people are suffering and the economy is on the verge of collapse.
Longyun
Therefore, the economic strength of Yunnan at that time was not enough to support the excessive army. But even so, Long Yun, while suppressing bandits and completely integrating Yunnan, made every effort to reorganize and expand the Yunnan army for his own power.
In April 1931, after the failure of the 2nd Yunnan-Guangxi War, Long Yun carried out a large-scale reorganization of the Dian army and took the opportunity to weaken the military power of 4 division commanders including Lu Han. After a series of twists and turns, Long Yun successfully abandoned the division. The brigade was changed, which greatly strengthened the control of the Dian army. After the restructuring of
, the Yunnan Army controlled by Long Yun at that time had a total of 7 brigades, two guard regiments, one artillery regiment, one engineer regiment, one machine gun regiment, one guard group, one anti-aircraft artillery group, one transportation group, and 8 The independent battalion has a total strength of about 40,000.
Yunnan Army
At the same time, after becoming the throne of the king of Yunnan, Long Yun carried out large-scale construction in Yunnan. Long Yun put forward the idea of building a "New Yunnan", and carried out a series of reforms and rectifications from all aspects including military, politics, culture, economy, and education. Thanks to Long Yun's construction of Yunnan, Yunnan's economy, which had been so dilapidated in the constant civil war, finally recovered and developed to a considerable extent, and eventually became the rear of the war of resistance.
In 1936, Long Yun reorganized the Dian Army. At that time, the Dian Army was organized into 6 infantry brigades, two directly-affiliated brigades, 6 directly-affiliated regiments, 4 independent battalions, and an aviation division, with a total force of about 36,000. people. At the same time, in addition to the regular army, Long Yun also set up standing teams in all counties throughout Yunnan, organized into 21 security battalions, with a total force of more than 10,000. Z1z
has an army, of course, it also needs enough weapons and equipment. Since Yunnan is a separatist region and does not obey Chiang Kai-shek's command, it is naturally impossible to receive support from the National Government. Therefore, Yunlong took advantage of Yunnan's former French sphere of influence and its borders with French colonies, and had repeatedly purchased large quantities of arms from French foreign firms and companies. The Yunnan Army, which is dominated by French equipment, became a unique and beautiful scenery of the Chinese army after entering the battlefield of the War of Resistance Against Japan.
Yunnan Army French helmet
Thanks to Long Yun's vigorous construction of Yunnan, the Yunnan Army has more stable logistics support and financial resources. It is also because of Yunnan Longyun's stable rule of Yunnan that Yunnan has maintained peace for a long time after Long Yun ascended to the king of Yunnan. It was during this period that the Dian Army, known for its good combatants, not only had more advanced equipment, but under Long Yun's training, the Dian Army also became one of China's most combative units at that time.
On July 7, 1937, with the fire of the Lugou Bridge, a full-scale war of resistance broke out. Although it is located in the southwest of the motherland, the people of Yunnan share the same hatred. Long Yun, the chairman of the Yunnan Provincial Government, also called Chiang Kai-shek on August 2, 1937, saying: At this point, it is impossible to save the perilous war without gathering the strength of the whole people for a long time.
At the same time, Long Yun began to organize the Yunnan army and decided to go to the front line to fight against Japan. Therefore, after the National Defense Conference in Nanjing, Long Yun returned to Yunnan in just 28 days to organize 6 brigades and related troops in Yunnan into one army. This army is the famous Yunnan army in the anti-Japanese battlefield. Sixty Army. At that time, the 60th Army had a total of more than 40,000 people, with 182, 183, and 184 divisions under its jurisdiction, with Lu Han as the commander.
Lu Han
On October 5, 1937, the 60th Army held a meeting of oaths in Kunming, and immediately went to the Anti-Japanese Front. Since then, the 60th Army of the Dian Army has fought for almost the entire 8 years of the War of Resistance. The Sixtieth Army fought bloody battles with Japanese invaders in the Battle of Taierzhuang, with more than 18,000 casualties, and still did not retreat. It also fought with the Japanese invaders in many battles such as the Battle of Wuhan and the Battle of Changde. During the 8 years of the War of Resistance Against Japan, more than 400,000 soldiers from the Yunnan Army came out of Yunnan.
Because of the severe situation of the Anti-Japanese War and the outstanding achievements of the Yunnan Army, soon after the 60th Army went to the Anti-Japanese Battlefield, Yunnan was organized into the 58th Army and the New Three Army, and together with the 60th Army, the Yunnan Army was formed. Later, the 30th Army of the Dian Army was expanded into the 1st Group Army and the First Front Army.
Dian Army
However, although the Dian Army's soldiers played the prestige of the Dian Army in the anti-Japanese battlefield, the Dian Army also paid a huge sacrifice. The number of the Dian Army once exceeded 100,000. At the same time, since the main forces of the Dian army are basically on the front line of the Anti-Japanese War, the troops that Long Yun can actually controlThe force is actually less than before. For this reason, at the time of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War in 1945, Chiang Kai-shek dared to take advantage of the large number of Central Army troops stationed in Yunnan, and when Long Yun's forces were empty, he suddenly launched a "thief-like" coup and drove Long Yun from the throne of the King of Yunnan. As a result, Long Yun lost his rule over Yunnan.
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