1964, Deng Gong came to Lanzhou in accordance with the central instructions to inspect my country's "top secret project". is the research work of my country's atomic bomb . In an era when there was extremely lack of material and knowledge reserves, we successfully developed the atomic bomb with firm willpower.
This is inseparable from the efforts of many scientists in the New China. Deng Xiaoping accidentally discovered a woman when inspecting the atomic bomb production and research studio. Deng Gong said in surprise: "How are you here?"
Deng Xiaoping has visited
This woman is actually The great physicist who returned from the United States - Wang Chengshu , She has made great contributions to the physics and nuclear energy research in New China. What I want to talk about below is Wang Chengshu's story.
The physical talent of Wang Chengshu
1912 Wang Chengshu was born In a family with relatively superior conditions in Shanghai, both of whom were enlightened by new ideas, so they were also tolerant and free to educate Wang Chengshu. Unlike other "girls"'s hobbies, Wang Chengshu likes mathematics and physics, which only boys like.
Wang Chengshu likes mathematics and physics very much
In that turbulent era, it was very difficult for women to study, but Wang Chengshu still Relying on her own ability, she successfully entered the Department of Physics of Yenching University in 1930. Although took a leave of absence from school for two years due to illness, this could not hide her physical talent at all.
At this time, Wang Chengshu, who is only 18 years old, is the only girl in the class. Wang Chengshu graduated successfully after 4 years. two years later, she got a master's degree in physics at Yenjing University, and after that, she stayed at her alma mater to teach. And he married the returnee who is also a highly educated overseas student, Zhang Wenyu .
Wang Chengshu once studied at Yanjing University
However, the good times did not last long. Wang Chengshu only taught at his alma mater for one year, and Anti-Japanese War had already exploded in full swing. After the outbreak of of the Anti-Japanese War, Wang Chengshu and her husband had to travel around the country to take refuge. Both of them felt that staying in the country at this time could no longer save the motherland in danger. Only by studying abroad and learning the strengths of other countries could they come back to transform and save the motherland.
But the two were really short of money, although Wang Chengshu could be regarded as a rich lady. However, studying abroad would not be afforded if it were not for a wealthy family, so Wang Chengshu wrote a letter to the Balbo Scholarship Foundation in the United States. Finally, in 1941, the foundation gave Wang Chengshu a response, expressing his willingness to fund her study abroad.
Wang Chengshu and her husband took a photo with her husband
The same year Wang Chengshu and her husband went to the United States to study, Wang Chengshu also successfully obtained a doctorate degree from the University of Michigan in Several years later. and remained at the University of Michigan in the United States to work as a researcher.
During this period, she discovered the error in "Mathematical Theory of Inhomogeneous Gases" and corrected it. also published a theory to solve the eigenvalue of Boltzmann equation . The theories of were very advanced at that time.
Wang Chengshu is very talented in physics
Wang Chengshu and her husband's hard way to return to China
Wang Chengshu and her husband learned and taught in the United States, and the new China was established shortly after they were very patriotic and family-loving, and the two people who were very patriotic and family-loving finally ushered in the opportunity to serve their motherland. When New China just announced the establishment of , Wang Chengshu divided the physical information in his hands into more than 300 packages to Beijing on .
But how can the United States let these two talents they spent a lot of money to return to China like this? China, which just founded the country, took the socialist line, which is completely opposite to the ideology of the United States. Naturally, they will also be regarded as an enemy country by the United States. Wang Chengshu and her husband were about to apply to the United States to return home, and the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea broke out.
US military on the Korean battlefield
After the outbreak of the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea, the two countries have completely become mortal enemies of war, and the United States is even more unlikely to let the two return to China. Because Wang Chengshu has mastered many high-end technologies that are only available to the United States, such technologies naturally cannot be brought to the hands of the enemy in the eyes of the United States.
At that time, it was the era when the United States was at its peak in the world. The extremely developed United States in the 20th century made many people who have been there linger. When many people in our country didn’t even know what a railway was, the United States had already seen railways and airports everywhere, and there were also high-rise buildings in the city. It is naturally difficult for people who have seen this scene to return to their motherland that seemed backward and poor at that time, but Wang Chengshu and her husband are two exceptions.
At the time when the founding of New China, the United States was already very prosperous.
Time and time again, they firmly proposed to return to China regardless of the dissuasion of their mentors and friends. Finally, Under the mediation of the Chinese government, the two finally boarded the plane back to China. 1956 Wang Chengshu and his wife returned from the United States and set foot on the land of the motherland that had been away for 15 years.
After returning to China, Wang Chengshu started his old career and devoted himself to research and education. While doing physics research at Chinese Academy of Sciences, it continued to teach at Peking University . At this time, the work was relatively leisurely. But the big turn in Wang Chengshu's life is coming again.
Wang Chengshu explains the knowledge
"disappears" Wang Chengshu
1958 Sino-Soviet relations began to deteriorate, and The Soviet Union's continuous desire to control China through military affairs was unbearable. It was at this time that our country realized a very important truth.
That is, "It is better to rely on yourself than anyone else. If you are a blacksmith, you need to be strong yourself." So we are also very eager to create our own atomic bomb to break the " nuclear threat " and " nuclear blackmail " of other major powers in the world at that time.
In the same year, my country began to build a laboratory for thermonuclear fusion, which is a great challenge for my country, where the nuclear field is blank.
At that time, the staff member who developed the atomic bomb was
Qian Sanqiang personally found Wang Chengshu, who returned from overseas, and invited her to take on this job. After , Wang Chengshu even came to the Soviet Union to learn related knowledge and returned to China the following year to start preparations.
1961, Sino-Soviet relations completely collapsed, and The Soviet Union decided to withdraw all the materials that aided China's construction, as well as experts and scholars, etc. my country's nuclear energy research work is in the middle of the process. Soviet experts took away almost all the research manuscripts and said to our researchers: "You can't calculate these data in your entire life."
Qian Sanqiang personally invited Wang Chengshu to participate in nuclear construction
But what our people are best at is creating miracles. We who do not believe in evil have forced to use abacus to create the final data model. It also proved the error in the calculation formula of Soviet experts. It was at this time that Wang Chengshu "disappeared" and began to study the raw materials of the atomic bomb in the field of practice - enriched uranium .
This is a complete for 23 years. During this period, even my husband and son didn't know what Wang Chengshu was doing. Many families of physicists were like this in that era, and their greatest support for them was "don't ask anything."
Wang Chengshu in work
On April 12, 1964, Deng Xiaoping came to Factory 504 to inspect the work. At this time, the research and development of the atomic bomb had reached the final stage. The Party Central Committee also attached great importance to this, and Deng Xiaoping saw the only woman in the factory at a glance. also recognized , the female physicist Wang Chengshu who returned to China. So he asked in surprise: "Why are you here?"
On October 16 of the same year, accompanied the sky-surge mushroom cloud and a loud bang. my country's first atomic bomb was successfully tested in in Lop Nur , Chairman Mao also praised Wang Chengshu as the "female hero" of New China.
Deng Xiaoping had inspected the 504 factory
Wang Chengshu continued to to participate in laser separation of uranium isotopes and centrifugal separation of technology . She believes that these two technologies will be the top priority of nuclear technology , and successfully took these two technologies to a stage where they can be applied.
On June 18, 1994, Wang Chengshu died in Beijing, at the age of 82. This great physicist devoted his life to the country and cause. The more she contributes to the country, she owe her family as much as she does, but she still sacrifices her family for everyone without hesitation.
Ms. Wang Chengshu's full-body photo
When she was in the United States, she gave up her generous life without hesitation and returned to her country. After returning to her motherland, she left her family to fight for the country. Such a great female physicist is worth remembering by all of us.
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