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During the Lushan Conference in 1959, Chairman Mao heard about He Zizhen's recent situation from Zeng Zhi, who came with Tao Zhu. He said to Zeng Zhi with emotion: "After all, it's a couple for ten years, I want to see her!"
Finally, under the careful arrangement of Zeng Zhi and others, He Zizhen secretly came to Lushan and finally met Chairman Mao.
After seeing He Zizhen who was tortured by illness, Chairman Mao held back the tears in his eyes, sighed and asked: "Zizhen, why did you have to leave at the beginning?"
And He Zizhen didn't know how to answer for a moment...
Why did He Zizhen leave Chairman Mao? How did Chairman Mao meet He Zizhen again? This starts with the understanding and love between He Zizhen and Chairman Mao.
He Zizhen
The lady from a family is in a revolution and happened to meet the chairman and got married
He Zizhen was born in 1909 and is the daughter of a gentry family in Yongxin County, Hunan Province. Her scientific name is Zizhen, while Longan is her nickname.
Her father He Huanwen was a juren from the Qing Dynasty. Later, he abandoned literature and went to business and accumulated a large family business. He Zizhen is not only smart, but also beautiful. As early as when she was in high school, she was called "Yongxin Yizhihua".
However, He Zizhen, who came from a famous family, was unwilling to be a lady from a family. Instead, she joined the Communist Party with her brother He Minxue and her sister He Yi, and started the Workers' and Peasants' Revolution and became the famous "Yongxin Sanhe" in the local area.
1927, He Zizhen, then Minister of Women and Deputy Secretary of the Communist Youth League, participated in the planning of the Yongxin riot.
The picture is He Zizhen
He Zizhen seems weak, but he is brave in fighting, smart and flexible, and he is also good at riding a horse and shooting guns. Even He Changgong praised her: "is a heroine who has truly led troops and fought hard battles."
But the Yongxin riot eventually failed because it was outnumbered. He Zizhen and his brother He Minxue had no choice but to climb to Jinggangshan and defected to the "Shan King" Yuan Wencai .
Yuan Wencai admires He Zizhen, who is both talented and beautiful, so he regards her as his pampered sister. In October of that year, the Autumn Harvest Uprising troops led by Chairman Mao also arrived in Jinggangshan, and He Zizhen met Chairman Mao because of this.
At that time, Chairman Mao's feet were pus in the long-distance marching, and they were swollen like purple eggplant.
The first time we met, He Zizhen insisted on looking at Chairman Mao’s injured foot. Chairman Mao felt a little embarrassed by her sudden request. Just when he was about to refuse, He Zizhen had already squatted at his feet.
He Zizhen's actions made Chairman Mao remember this little girl at once. He also recalled in his later years:
"She almost made me reach her feet in the tone of an order. After she carefully removed the ointment from my feet, she got up and rushed to boil medicine and decoct, wash my feet and apply medicine."
After Chairman Mao and Yuan Wencai met, the team of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army grew rapidly, and the work of the Front Committee was getting heavier. Chairman Mao urgently needed a full-time secretary to assist him in handling the work, and he thought of He Zizhen at once.
He Zizhen seems gentle and virtuous, but she is very enthusiastic at work, fierce and capable, and soon becomes Chairman Mao’s right-hand assistant.
She not only helped Chairman Mao handle a lot of daily affairs, but also played the advantage of "local tyrants". accompanied Chairman Mao to Ninggang and Yongxin for investigations, and helped Chairman Mao write the famous "Jinggangshan Investigation".
Later, Yuan Wencai became a matchmaker for Chairman Mao and He Zizhen. . The reason why he did this was to find a good husband for his sister-in-law, and the other hand, he also had a little selfishness.
After Chairman Mao went up the mountain, his narrow-minded thoughts were at work. He always felt that Chairman Mao would annex his team, so he wanted to form a "family" with Chairman Mao through this marriage.
He Zizhen certainly didn't know another intention of Yuan Wencai at that time, so after listening to Yuan Wencai's proposal, he agreed happily.
Although Chairman Mao saw through Yuan Wencai's two intentions at a glance, he had already developed feelings for He Zizhen, so he still agreed to this proposal.
1929 May 28, 1929 was the peak season when rhododendron was in full bloom, under the witness of Yuan Wencai and others. Chairman Mao and He Zizhen held a wedding at Xiangshan Temple on Jinggangshan.
Shortly after the wedding, Chairman Mao encountered political setbacks. In June 1929, Chairman Mao was unexpectedly defeated the election of Secretary of the Front Committee and was forced to leave the Red Fourth Army that he created.
support each other and never leave each other, honor and disgrace and advance and retreat together
Before this, Chairman Mao had never suffered such a heavy psychological blow, so his body collapsed suddenly. had no choice but to come to Jiaoyang, Shanghang County to recuperate. Later, due to the enemy's attack on Tingzhou , he moved to Niugupu in Yongding County.
Niugupu conditions are difficult, and Chairman Mao and his wife can only live in the shed built by bamboo .
But Chairman Mao didn't care. Not only did he chant Su Dongpo 's "Can eat without meat, but not live without bamboo", but he also wrote down the plaque of "Fuan Rao Bookstore" with great interest.
This paradise-like bamboo forest made the politically frustrated couple temporarily forget all kinds of worries and live a life like a leisurely cloud and wild crane.
They either play outside the bamboo dormitory during the day or walk hand in hand on the mountain road; as soon as the sun sets, they light a candle, lying on the bamboo bed and talking about poetry, songs and revolutionary ideals.
Because Chairman Mao lived in seclusion in Niugupu, the Kuomintang army thought he was missing and deliberately released rumors that Chairman Mao had been "shot" in the mountains.
But under He Zizhen's careful care, Chairman Mao's body quickly recovered and soon came out to work again, and these rumors were self-defeating.
, but the good times did not last long. The left-leaning forces led by Wang Ming made a comeback. With the support of the Soviet Union, they gained the leadership of the central government, and Chairman Mao was once again excluded.
Chairman Mao fell ill again . The exhausted Mao took the initiative to submit a sick leave report to the central government and took He Zizhen to the Yunshishan outside the city of Ruijin, and lived in an ancient temple on the mountain.
There are morning bells and evening drums on one hand, and He Zizhen is caring for and comforting with emotional care. Chairman Mao quickly forgot the unhappiness, his mood gradually widened, and his whole body regained his vitality. Shortly after, their third child was born.
Due to the Kuomintang's encirclement, their two previous children were separated. So Chairman Mao cherished this child especially and named him Maomao.
In the hard years, the mao's smile brought rare happy time to the couple in the military, and talking about the changes in their children's daily lives became the happiest thing for them every day.
But good days are always fleeting. In 1934, under the influence of Wang Ming's left-leaning wrong line, the fifth anti-encirclement and suppression of the Central Red Army failed, and the arduous 25,000-mile Long March was forced to begin the arduous 25,000-mile Long March.
Considering the hardships of the march, the central government only approved 30 lesbians to accompany the army Long March . These 30 lesbians were later hailed as the "30 Women" of the Long March, and He Zizhen was one of them.
He Zizhen was quite happy to hear that she could go on the Long March with Chairman Mao, but when she heard the order of "can't take care of the children", she fell into deep pain again.
As a female Red Army soldier, she had to obey the organization's decisions, but as a mother, she could not stand such a separation of flesh and blood.
After several struggles, she still let go of her children's affair and reluctantly handed over her son to her brother-in-law, Mao Zetan, who is also Chairman Mao's younger brother.
He Zizhen thought that she would be taken care of by her brother-in-law, and it would not be difficult to meet her son in the future.But things don't go as they wish, and everything is unpredictable in the era of chaos.
After He Zizhen left, Ruijin was soon surrounded by the Kuomintang army. For the sake of Maomao's safety, Mao Zetan reluctantly transferred him to a fellow villager's house for foster care.
But later Mao Zetan died while covering the retreat of the team, and Maomao's clues were interrupted from then on.
This 3-year-old child left a deep mark in the hearts of He Zizhen and Chairman Mao. More than 0 years later, Chairman Mao still recalled sadly:
"The last time I saw this child, I would wave in the team, but I would never see him again... When Ruijin parted, it turned out to be a farewell forever!"
After embarking on the Long March, He Zizhen and other lesbians were all assigned to the recuperation company.
Women are not afraid of expeditions, they dare to save their friends first,
At that time, although He Zizhen was pregnant, she never did special things. Not only did she rush to do dirty and tiring work, she never wanted to treat pregnant women normally in the organization.
Once, the army hunted a bison in the mountains, and the organization gave her two more kilograms of meat according to regulations.
He Zizhen was very uneasy when she found out and took the initiative to divide the extra meat into the old comrades in the company. Hou Zheng , who was the company commander of the recuperation company at the time, later recalled:
"Sister He was shy and elegant, without saying much, always laughed along the way, laughed first when meeting, and spoke with laughter. He was very considerate, demanded himself to be strict, always understood our difficulties, and appeared in the posture of an ordinary soldier everywhere."
In February 1935, before and after the second crossing of the Chishui River in Red Army , He Zizhen gave birth to a baby girl. But there are enemies who are chasing them back and there is a long and arduous journey ahead, so the troops really cannot bring this baby.
He Zizhen also understood the righteousness. She only glanced at the child, asked softly, "Is it a boy or a girl?", and then she decided to give the child to the local fellow villagers.
After Chairman Mao learned about this, he could only comfort her and said helplessly: "You did the right thing, we can only do this."
Although He Zizhen is determined on the surface, no mother does not love her children. In her later years, she recalled sadly:
"I was sent to this girl born on the Long March before I could see clearly what she looked like. I couldn't tell where she was sent to, nor could I know whether she was dead or alive..."
Hi Zizhen had not yet recovered from the pain of separation from her flesh and blood, but dragged her weak body and continued to set off with the army. When the
team marched near Pan County, Guizhou, an enemy plane suddenly emerged from the crack of the clouds and bombed the Rest Company. He Zizhen and the others were no longer surprised by this, so they hid it immediately.
When everyone had already hidden himself, He Zizhen found that a wounded person with limited mobility was still exposed, so she rushed out of the hidden point without hesitation and wanted to drag the wounded person back.
, but it happened that the enemy plane dived again, and after a strafing, another bombshell was dropped. At this critical moment, He Zizhen threw herself on the wounded without hesitation.
After a loud noise, she fell in a pool of blood, while the wounded under her was safe and sound.
After the doctor's examination, he found that He Zizhen had more than 10 bullet injuries on her body, but there was no condition for surgery at that time, so the shrapnel embedded in her skull and muscles could not be removed.
These shrapnel remained in He Zizhen's body, and often caused a faint pain, causing her to suffer from illness.
After hearing the news of He Zizhen's injury, Chairman Mao hurried to the Rest Company. Not only did he shed the third tears of the Long March, but he also left the death order of "He also needs to carry He Zizhen to the destination" .
Later, when recalling this past, He Zizhen said:
"It was Chairman Mao who saved my life. I was in a coma at the time, and I didn't know that the company had decided to keep me and put me at the home of a fellow villager. Of course, the company decided like this and was kind.
But if Chairman Mao agreed at that time, I would be dead. My injuries are so severe and there are no medical conditions in the countryside. Not to mention encountering enemies, I will die even if I lie down. "
Due to the serious injury, He Zizhen was in a state of being unconscious and awake, and the pain in her whole body tortured her.
But because there was no good medicine, the comrades were helpless about it and could only pray for her silently.
Red Army Long March paintings (Photo source network )
Maybe it was because of God's mercy or because of her own strong will. In the end, He Zizhen survived the most dangerous moment and miraculously walked out of the line of death.
After that, He Zizhen and her comrades crossed the turbulent Jinsha River , crossed the Dadu River , and crossed the Jiajin Mountain with endless wind and snow , walk out of the wet, cold and muddy grassland, and finally arrived in northern Shaanxi successfully in October 1935.
He Zizhen thought that after arriving in northern Shaanxi, he would end his hardships and benevolence, but the world is so impermanent.
People would never expect that Chairman Mao and He Zizhen, a couple who share honor and disgrace and support each other, would eventually part ways.
Longing together is gone. Goodbye is 20 years later. After the Red Army arrived in northern Shaanxi, Chairman Mao became the well-deserved supreme leader of the party, and his work became increasingly busy. Naturally, his communication and concern for He Zizhen was much less.
Once, an American female journalist Smedley was interviewing Chairman Mao. He Zizhen suddenly rushed in angrily and beat Mao Master. The female translator of the movie Wu Guangwei.
Smotherlay didn't know the relationship between He Zizhen and Chairman Mao, so he beat He Zizhen "for bravery".
Chairman Mao criticized He Zizhen for disregarding the influence, but He Zizhen complained that Chairman Mao let Smotherlay beat her, and the two refused to give in to each other . In a fit of anger, He Zizhen left Yan'an and ran to Xi'an.
Chairman Mao originally thought He Zizhen was just angry, but when he asked his orderly soldiers to take his apology letter to Xi'an to pick He Zizhen up, he only received a handkerchief that "farewell from now on".
But even so, Chairman Mao tried every means to persuade her to return. When he learned that He Zizhen was going to transfer from Xinjiang to the Soviet Union, he even sent a telegram to wait in Xinjiang in the name of the organization. , All the comrades who went to the Soviet Union returned to Yan'an.
But He Zizhen still disobeyed the order and came to Moscow alone.
He Zizhen gave birth to a son shortly after he arrived in Moscow. He Zizhen, who lost his son many times, loved him very much, but just ten months old, the child died of pneumonia.
4
He Zizhen was deeply hit by this and finally realized her willfulness, so she wrote a letter to Chairman Mao.
In August 1939, Chairman Mao specially entrusted Zhou Enlai to the Soviet Union to treat arm injuries and brought a letter to He Zizhen. said in the letter:
"Comrade Zizhen, your photo has been received. I'm fine, don't worry,"
and then wrote: "We will be comrades from now on. " This is actually a tactful separation to He Zizhen.
Without Chairman Mao's spiritual pillar, He Zizhen lived even more in the Soviet Union.
In order to save He Zizhen from being in a foreign country from suffering, at the end of 941, Chairman Mao specially sent his daughter Li Min to the Soviet Union.
In Soviet Patriotic War , He Zizhen and his daughter were forced to separate from his daughter. However, Li Min, who lived in the International Children's Hospital, was hospitalized because of the hospital. The party was not well cared for and almost died of illness.
He Zizhen was so sad that he was imprisoned by the hospital when he was negotiating with the hospital. crazy asylum was imprisoned for mental illness. This was eight years and he suffered from mental illness.
It was not until 1947 when Wang Jiaxiang went to the Soviet Union to rescue her from the asylum. She first settled her in Harbin, and then settled in Shenyang. With the careful treatment of the doctor, He Zizhen's condition improved.
In March 1949, Chairman Mao met He Zizhen's younger sister He Yi in the villa in Xiangshan.He said to He Cha: "You ask He Zizhen to come here. This is a fact caused by history. Let's do it according to the old Chinese tradition!"
Since Chairman Mao proposed to do it according to the old Chinese tradition, he should plan to restore the relationship between husband and wife with He Zizhen. He Yi was very happy and hurried to Shenyang to pick up her sister into Beijing as Chairman Mao’s instructions.
But when the train they were taking arrived at Shanhaiguan Station , it was blocked. In desperation, He Zizhen had to go south to Shanghai and defect to her brother He Minxue.
During his time in Shanghai, He Zizhen wrote many letters to Chairman Mao, but Chairman Mao had never received these letters.
One day in 1954, He Zizhen heard Chairman Mao’s long-lost voice from the radio. The so-called long-term thoughts make you sick, He Zizhen's mental illness recurs again, and she was in a daze all day long and was obsessed with her.
He Zizhen's good friend and Tao Zhu's wife Zeng Zhi learned about the situation and made a special trip to Shanghai to visit He Zizhen.
1959, Chairman Mao convened a meeting of the Politburo in Lushan.
Zeng Zhi, who came with Tao Zhu, took the opportunity to report He Zizhen's situation to Chairman Mao. Chairman Mao was filled with emotion after hearing this and finally said to Zeng Zhi: "After all, it's been a couple for ten years, I want to see her!"
Under the careful arrangement of Zeng Zhi and others, He Zizhen secretly came to Lushan and finally met Chairman Mao who she had been thinking about day and night.
After seeing He Zizhen who was tortured by illness and left, Chairman Mao, who usually had tears, couldn't help but choke up. asked over and over again: "Why did you have to leave?"
He Zizhen didn't answer, and just sat aside and shed tears silently. She has also asked herself countless times in her heart, why did she have to leave? But now that things have come to this point, she never regrets it.
Meeting is always short. After expressing one's heart, He Zizhen went down the mountain that night.
People originally thought that with this meeting, their heart knots were also opened, and they should meet frequently in the future, but unexpectedly, this was the only and last time they met after they parted.
As for why the two didn't meet again. Their daughter Li Min once analyzed:
"After my father and mother met, both parties were unhappy, but instead increased their nostalgia and concern for each other, increasing their worries, sadness and spiritual pain."
976, Chairman Mao passed away. A year before his death, he also granted He Zizhen 20,000 yuan from his royalties.
After He Zizhen learned of the news of Chairman Mao’s death, she immediately applied to the central government for entry to Beijing, but it was not until 1979 that she was allowed to enter Beijing.
At this time, she could no longer say goodbye to Chairman Mao, so she could only hold the statue of Chairman Mao and cried bitterly. Eight years later, He Zizhen also passed away in grief.
In those glorious years of blood and fire, Chairman Mao and He Zizhen became partners because of their common revolutionary aspirations. In the face of difficulties and hardships, they always reflect each other's hearts and share life and death for their common beliefs.
Their revolutionary sentiment and the revolutionary spirit of selflessness will be forever engraved in the long river of history, inspiring the Chinese people and leading generations of young people to continue to strive for progress.
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