Guanzhong, in ancient times, our ancestors worked and lived here. From the archaeological discovery of the Lantian ape-man and Dali skull fossils 500,000-600,000 years ago, to the ancient relics of the Banpo people more than 6,000 years ago, it proves that our ancestors thrived on this rich land. .
Through the hard work of generations, they revealed a long prologue to the ancient civilization history of the Chinese nation, and created conditions for the prosperity and development of Guanzhong in ancient times.
Picture By Open your eyes to see Xi'an
It is said that the name Guanzhong originated in the Warring States Period. There are two explanations for the term "Guanzhong". One believes that because it is scattered in the west, Hangu Pass in the east, Wuguan in the south, and Xiaoguan in the north, it is among the four passes, so it is called "Guanzhong". Another view is that there are Xiaoshan and Hangu Pass on the left, and Longshan, Minshan, and Dazhen Pass on the right. Because they are located between the two passes, the term "Guanzhong" means taking the middle.
And what I call "Guanzhong" today is the Weihe Plain that starts from Baoji in the west and ends at Tongguan in the east. It is called "Eight Baili Qinchuan" and covers an area of approximately 34,000 square kilometers.
Guanzhong Plain, bordered by the rolling Yellow River in the east, the Qinling Mountains in the south, and the picturesque Liang Mountain, Huanglong Mountain, Yao Mountain, Lao Mountain, Jiucheng (zong) to the north The Beishan Mountains, Qishan, Paishan, Longshan, etc. From east to west, the peaks undulate like dragons, forming a natural barrier on the Guanzhong Plain. In the "Historical Records", it is called the "Jincheng Thousands of Miles" and "Four Fortresses to Solidify".
The picture is from the Internet
The Guanzhong Plain is formed by the alluvial accumulation of the Wei River and its tributaries. It is wide in the east and narrow in the west (from thirty li to eighty li). The plains on both sides slope towards the river valley, and its tributaries are like leaf veins extending in all directions in the Guanzhong Plain. Its special feature is that the north bank tributaries (such as Jing, Luohe River) have a long history, and the south bank tributaries (such as Liu, Shanghai, Fengshui) are short and rapid. The rivers near Xi'an are the densest, and there are sayings that "the eight rivers diverge from the rivers" and "the eight rivers go around Chang'an".
Due to the cutting of these rivers, the Guanzhong Plain has formed many “yuans” of varying sizes. There are no fewer than fifty or sixty places with names alone, such as the Bailuyuan between Ba and Shanghai. Fengliangyuan to the east of the Bahe River, Tongrenyuan between Ba and Wei, Longshouyuan between Wei, Ba and Lu, Leyouyuan, Fengqiyuan, Hongguyuan, and Shaoling between Shanghai and Xiuyuan Yuan, Xianyang Yuan north of Weihe River, etc. These primitives are mostly high and flat, and have been habitats for people for a long time.
Many of the Neolithic sites discovered in recent years are on the edge and inside of the original, which is a strong proof. Especially during the Han and Tang dynasties, the feudal dynasty chose the royal cemetery on the original (such as Shaolingyuan, Xianyangyuan, etc.) to open up remote scenic spots on the original.
The Guanzhong Plain has a mild climate and sufficient rainfall. The annual rainfall is about 500 mm, and the average temperature is above 10 degrees Celsius. In addition, it belongs to the loess zone, the soil is loose and fertile, and it is easy for crops to grow.
"Historical Records" has the reputation of "Wild Wild Thousands of Miles" and "Nation of Abundance". The superior nature surrounds the West Zhou, Qin, Western Han, Western Jin, Qian Zhao, Qian Qin, Later Qin, Western Wei, Northern Zhou, Sui , Jie, etc. (Two special cases: One was the late Eastern Han Dynasty, when Emperor Xian of the Han was forced to move his capital to Chang'an. But six years later, he was greeted by Cao Cao to Xuchang; the other was at the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, when Emperor Jin Min died in Chang'an after only three years. However, the Eastern Han and Western Jin dynasties were orthodox dynasties after all, and in the last years of the two dynasties, they were also dominated by the will of the state in Chang'an, so it can be counted.) Thirteen dynasties established their capitals here, which lasted more than a thousand years .
Famous peasant rebels in history, such as Lumei and Chimei in the late Western Han Dynasty, Huangchao in the late Tang Dynasty, Li Zicheng in the Ming Dynasty, etc., have also established peasant regimes here. Greatly hit the feudal rulers at that time and added brilliance to the development of Guanzhong.
