The old saying goes: It’s in the sky to get things done, and it’s up to people to plan. In the turbulent times of the Three Kingdoms at the end of the Han Dynasty, compared with the military commander group, although the adviser group did not have prominent military merits, their wisdom and intelligence often had a decisive influence on the outcome of the battle. And this point, the most distinctive performance is in the battle of Guandu.
As we all know, before the Battle of Guandu, the North had basically presented a situation of confrontation between the two powers, namely, the Hebei warlord Yuan Shao who occupied the land of Jizhou, Qingzhou, Youzhou and Bingzhou, and the occupying Yuzhou and Yanzhou. The land of Henan (referring to the south of the Yellow River) warlord Cao Cao. Therefore, the battle of Guandu was launched between these two groups.
Before this battle, Xun Yu, who was hailed by Cao Cao as "My House", had incisively analyzed the situation at that time, and incisively explained the gap between Yuan Shao and Cao Cao with the theory of four wins and four losses. . It was Cao Cao who listened to this statement that he initially established his confidence in Yuan Shao's decisive battle.
So, what is the specific content of Xun Yu’s famous four wins and four losses theory? What significance does it have for the history of the Three Kingdoms at the end of Han Dynasty?
In the "Three Kingdoms·Xunyu Biography", there is a clear record about Xun Yu's theory of four wins and four losses. The so-called four wins and four losses theory is where Cao Cao is better than Yuan Shao, as follows:
曹操度胜袁绍
The first gap between Yuan Shao and Cao Cao , It is manifested in tolerance, that is, Cao Cao's tolerance is far better than Yuan Shao. Regarding this point, the specific record in the "Three Kingdoms: Xunyu Biography" is:
"The ancient success or failure, honesty has talent, although weak, he must be strong, not a person, although strong and weak, Liu and Xiang It is enough to observe the survival and death. Today, only Yuan Shaoer is competing with the public. The appearance is wide but the inside is jealous. It is open to others and doubts his heart. It is open and unconstrained, and only suitable for talents. This time is also better. "
From this point of view, in Xun Yu’s view: Yuan Shao is a boon for outsiders and insiders, and he cannot give absolute trust when he is employed. On the other hand, Cao Cao used talents only, eclectic, and able to employ people without any doubt.
Therefore, Yuan Shao is obviously inferior to Cao Cao in terms of popularity.
Cao Cao seeks victory against Yuan Shao
In terms of resourcefulness, Xun Yu also believes that Cao Cao is better. "Three Kingdoms·Xunyu Biography" recorded this:
"You are too late to make a few decisions, lose your chances, you can cut off major events, and you have no way to respond. This is also a victory."
I have to say that Xun Yu’s ability to recognize people is indeed top-notch. Yuan Shao is a person who has no resolution, hesitates to do things, and thinks over and over again. On the other hand, Cao Cao is always good at making decisions and responding well. Because of this, Yuan Shao is destined to be inferior to Cao Cao in terms of strategic level.
曹操武胜袁绍
It should be pointed out that the “army” here does not refer to individual force, but the overall combat power of the entire military group. Xun Yu compared the overall combat effectiveness of the two military groups Yuan Shao and Cao Cao. There is the following record:
"The Shao Yujun is lenient, the laws are not established, and although the soldiers are numerous, they are actually difficult to use. The public laws are clear, rewards and punishments. It must be done. Although there are few soldiers and soldiers, they will fight to death. This Wu Sheng is also. "
That is to say, in Xun Yu's view, although in terms of the number of troops, Yuan Shao is more than Cao Cao; but In terms of actual combat effectiveness, the Cao Cao Group is stronger. The reason is that Yuan Shao's and Cao Cao's idea of administering and reorganizing the army is different.
曹操德胜袁绍
Regarding this point, the "Three Kingdoms: Xunyu Biography" has this record:
"With the help of the world's capital, calmly decorate wisdom, in order to gain reputation, so the incompetent and inquisitive people tend to return to them, treat others with fairness and benevolence, sincerity is not for vain beauty, be frugal, and be frugal with oneself Because the world’s loyal and effective people are willing to use it, this virtue wins.”
In Xun Yu’s view, Yuan Shao is hypocritical, fond of pretentiousness, and relies on the advantage of the Yuan family of Runan. , There have been a large number of fame-fishing people around. On the other hand, Cao Cao used people to push his heart and treat others with sincerity, and he was rewarded for his achievements, so he won the support of people with lofty ideals.
is based on this analysis, Xun Yu made the conclusion that Cao Cao Desheng Yuan Shao. And history has already proved that his judgment is undoubtedly correct.
In summary, regarding the gap between Yuan Shao and Cao Cao, Xun Yu believes that there are four main points, namely: degree, strategy, military and morality. On these four points, Cao Cao had a complete victory. Xun Yu's analysis made Cao Cao, who was originally anxious, strengthened his confidence in proving PK with Yuan Shao, and made a wonderful and accurate prediction for the outcome of the Guandu War.
This article is original content. Please indicate the source for reprinting. Welcome everyone to leave a message and discuss.
