She is the most "toxic" person in the room of the Stone Science Academy (China Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Co., Ltd.)Analytical Chemistry . No one dares to lie and pretend. Once, she verified the accuracy of the analysis method with a graduate student, and the student replied: "It's almost the same." She suddenly became stern: "What is the same? How much difference is?"
She is Lu Wanzhen , a famous expert in analytical chemistry and petrochemical in my country, Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, "National March 8th Red Flag Bearer ". She has been in charge of my country's crude oil evaluation work for a long time and established my country's independent crude oil evaluation system. She is also a pioneer in my country's near-infrared spectroscopy analysis technology and compiled my country's first monograph on systematic introduction of near-infrared spectroscopy technology.
"Everything like Qian Xuesen , our country will be rich quickly?"
946, Lu Wanzhen graduated from the Department of Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Central University, and studied in the United States the following year. In 1949, Lu Wanzhen received her master's degree from Illinois State University in the United States, and in 1951, she received her doctorate in chemistry from Ohio State University in the United States. When she defended her doctoral thesis, she successfully passed it in just one hour.
When the good news of the founding of New China reached the other side of the Pacific Ocean, Lu Wanzhen and her husband Min Enze were overjoyed and decided to return home immediately. Min Enze is the "father of , a catalyst for in China", and the winner of , the 2007 National Highest Science and Technology Award. Although in the United States, they have lived a relatively affluent life, and have excellent scientific research and working conditions, and it is easy to achieve results when they stay, in their hearts, the only purpose of going abroad is to learn advanced knowledge and technology and one day contribute to the construction of the motherland.
1950, photos of Lu Wanzhen and Min Enze held their wedding
At that time, the US government had begun to restrict talents in science, industry, agriculture, medicine and other majors from returning to China, and the road to returning to China by Lu Wanzhen and his wife became extremely difficult. On the one hand, they work hard to study advanced science and technology, collect various technical information, and prepare for participating in the construction of the New China; on the other hand, in order to break through obstacles, they contact friends who can help each other.
In early 1955, Min Enze learned that a former colleague was the director of a printing and dyeing factory in Hong Kong, so he wrote a letter asking him for help. After discussing with the chairman of his company, this colleague sent a letter of appointment to Min Enze, inviting Min Enze to serve as director of the research office in Hong Kong. After receiving the letter of appointment, Lu Wanzhen and Min Enze obtained the opportunity to enter Hong Kong and the right to residency, and US Immigration Bureau quickly agreed to their departure application.
1955, Lu Wanzhen and his wife packed their clothes and took the Wilson cruise from San Francisco to Hong Kong, which is just a few feet away from the mainland. In order to return to the mainland as soon as possible, they politely declined the factory director's repeated attempts to stay and planned to leave Hong Kong by visiting relatives. However, according to the regulations of the Hong Kong authorities, you must serve in Hong Kong for 9 months before you can be approved to "visit relatives" in the mainland.
Finally, with the help of the editor-in-chief of Hong Kong's Ta Kung Pao, in October 1955, Lu Wanzhen and Qian Xuesen and his wife took the same train back to the mainland.
1955, Lu Wanzhen and Min Enze were in Hong Kong (the background is Shenzhen)
When Lu Wanzhen recalled this ups and downs of returning home in her later years, she said: "Learning knowledge and skills, creating something by yourself, and playing a role in the prosperity and strength of the country is also a kind of wealth. After learning, we will contribute to the construction of the country like Qian Xuesen. Wouldn't our country be rich faster?"
"Do it boldly, there are always more ways than difficulties."
11955, Lu Wanzhen, who had just returned home, immediately participated in the preparation and construction of the Beijing Institute of Petroleum Refining (now Sinopec Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Sciences). At that time, the oil refining field in the new China, which was in decay, was still blank.As the leader of the analysis team, Lu Wanzhen has only a dozen young people around her, and the information on her hand is only two development plans: "1956 National Important Science and Technology Tasks" and "Outline of the Preliminary Plan for the Vision Plan of the Institute of Science of the Ministry of Petroleum".
These young analysts are mainly composed of a group of technicians trained by the Dalian Institute of Petroleum, Chinese Academy of Sciences and , a college and technical secondary school graduate assigned after 1956. The two plans are detailed, listing various physical instruments and analytical methods such as chromatography, spectrum, , mass spectrum, , and mass spectrum, required for petrochemical analysis. Instruments can be imported, but what should I do with these instruments? Although the major I studied and analytical chemistry belong to the same field, the research direction, content and essence of the two are completely different.
After careful consideration, Lu Wanzhen realized the importance of analytical chemistry to the development of petrochemical industry. She was determined to build a platform to understand petroleum, petrochemical products and various related catalysts and additives at the molecular level.
"Don't hesitate if you decide, do it boldly. There are always more ways than difficulties."
1956, the Preparatory Office of the Beijing Petroleum Refining Research Institute discussed work photos (Lu Wanzhen on the left and Min Enze on the right)
With Lu Wanzhen's efforts, in just a few years, a petroleum analysis research room with a relatively complete range of categories and complete staffing was built. According to the discipline and task conditions, Lu Wanzhen has also built a relatively complete oil analysis technology platform, and has developed analytical methods such as spectroscopy, chromatography and electrochemical for oil composition and properties analysis, providing a large amount of analytical data for the scientific research of oil refining processes and catalysts, which plays an important role in ensuring the smooth development of scientific research projects.
In the early 1960s, the analysis platform established by Lu Wanzhen was successfully applied to the scientific research field and gradually promoted it to industrial production, solving many technical problems encountered in my country's oil product development and oil refining industrial plant production process, and well cooperated with the research and development of the "five golden flowers" (i.e., the process technology of fluidized catalytic cracking, platinum reforming, delayed coking, urea dewaxing and related catalysts and additives), as well as the completion and implementation of major scientific research work such as the formulation of crude oil processing plans.
At that time, the first industrial device of catalytic reforming technology, one of the new oil refining technologies, was being tested in the Daqing refinery. The various products it produces are qualified, but only xylene is always unqualified, and relevant technical personnel invited Lu Wanzhen. Lu Wanzhen used the newly installed gas chromatograph to separate the components. After studying the experimental data, she made a judgment: gasoline is mixed in the product and leaks are found in the production system. According to her judgment, the production staff quickly discovered the oil leakage area, and the difficult problems were solved, playing a key role in the smooth production of the device.
From then on, Lu Wanzhen's reputation spread. Everyone would like to praise Lu Wanzhen: "Mr. Lu's 'eyes' are really amazing!"
1961, Lu Wanzhen was rated as the registration form for advanced worker of the Ministry of Petroleum
. After participating in the construction of my country's first catalytic reforming industrial equipment and the first catalytic cracking equipment, Lu Wanzhen carefully summarized innovative methods and practical experience such as " gas chromatography determination of gas octane number " and "electricity method to determine sulfur, chlorine, nitrogen, water, salt and arsenic", and presided over the compilation of "Compilation of Reorganization Analysis Methods", "Compilation of Petrochemical Analysis Methods", and "China Crude Oil Evaluation".
Since the 1980s, Lu Wanzhen has led scientific researchers to develop elastic quartz capillary chromatography columns for the first time in my country, which is a milestone in the development of gas chromatography technology in my country. Subsequently, in view of the different hydrocarbon compositions in complex refinery gas and gasoline, she guided graduate students to develop porous layer capillary columns and filled capillary columns, providing timely and accurately analytical data for the development of major new refining processes in my country. Since then, Lu Wanzhen has done a lot of innovative research and application work in the development of liquid chromatography columns.
994, Lu Wanzhen, who had a unique vision, decided to form a near-infrared spectroscopy research team.Because most people in China don’t know much about this technology, there are many doubts. Lu Wanzhen withstood the pressure. She believes that near-infrared spectroscopy is a technology with great development and application prospects, especially in the field of petrochemical analysis, which is very likely to launch a technological revolution with analysis efficiency .
Lu Wanzhen chose a fixed optical path combined with CCD detector instrument development plan according to the national conditions at that time, and formed a research and development team. Using a combination of production, education and research, he completed the development and commercialization of the necessary software and hardware and oil analysis models of this technology, and developed a complete set of laboratory and online near-infrared spectrometer , which has been practically applied in many fields.
Lu Wanzhen has always advocated "to put research into practice, and to promote research through use". She believes that basic theory itself is not the purpose, and the purpose of research is to develop new technologies and new products for the production of actual production, thereby promoting greater liberation of productivity. Today, the good situation in the research and development and application of near-infrared spectroscopy technology in my country is closely related to Lu Wanzhen's hard work.
"Organizing five or six people to work with me is better than doing it alone"
Lu Wanzhen has successively trained 26 masters, 20 doctors and 5 postdoctoral fellows, and created a research team that can fight and dares to climb. She said: "I have always believed that for us older scientific and technological workers, cultivating high-quality researchers for our careers is the most important thing. Doing scientific research, organizing five or six people to work with me is better than doing it alone, and leading a team with strong technology and good quality is more important than writing papers by yourself."
1993, Lu Wanzhen guided graduate students in the laboratory
For later generations, Lu Wanzhen has always been strict with her, especially in terms of work style and personal morality, and she can't even rub the sand in her eyes. In the Analysis and Research Office of the Academy of Stone Science at that time, almost every new graduate student could hear this kind reminder from the seniors: "Be careful, the old lady's eyes are stronger than her instruments. You can see through you at a glance. Don't think about being lazy and giving conditions!"
The strict Lu Wanzhen is also famous for her care for her younger generations. Everyone said: "It is a kind of happiness to work under Mr. Lu!" She found that a doctoral student from rural Lanzhou was in trouble, so she sent the "doctoral supervisor" allowance she had just received to the students. One of her graduate students is going to get married but have no house. Facing the dilemma of not being able to gain a foothold in Beijing, Lu Wanzhen immediately found the person in charge to argue and left a talent with a bungalow he had won.
2005, Lu Wanzhen attended the doctoral degree awarding ceremony
November 17, 2015, Lu Wanzhen died in Beijing at the age of 92. She loved the motherland throughout her life, advocated science, was rigorous and realistic, and dedicated, and made outstanding contributions to the development of China's analytical chemistry and petrochemical industries.
