In this historical and cultural city, there is a street that has witnessed many major historical events in modern times, that is, the famous Dongjiaomin Lane . In the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China, Dongjiaomin Lane was assigned to Western countries by the government and used as a diplomatic embassy.
In the long-term historical changes, this street has become "cultural relics street" , with Western-style buildings standing on both sides, telling people the humiliating history of the Chinese nation.
A cannon from the October Revolution brought Marxism-Leninism to China. In the early stages of the founding of the Communist Party of China, Li Dazhao made great contributions to . Promoting socialist ideas in old China faced tremendous pressure from warlords and feudalism.
Li Dazhao and the leading body of the Northern Party, in 926, , temporarily went to the former Russian Embassy in China to continue to engage in revolutionary work due to persecution by reactionary warlords.
Although Li Dazhao and other revolutionary predecessors of our party were very cautious in organizing revolutionary work, they were still hostile to the reactionary warlords of Beiyang. They constantly sent secret spies to obtain the activities of the CCP people.
1927 , the Beiyang Warlord Government Police Department sent a large number of police forces, surrounded the Russian Embassy on three floors inside and outside.
At that time, in Zhifeng War , Zhang Zuolin had just won, and he couldn't wait to drive the large army to Beijing. Zhang Zuolin is extremely hostile to Communist Party members. He believes that if he captures Li Dazhao, he can completely eliminate the communist forces in China.
Under his instructions, Wu Yuwen mobilized heavy troops to search the northern party members. After a series of investigations, Li Dazhao and others were finally locked in the Russian Embassy.
Zhao Renlan
In the crisis, Li Dazhao did not panic at all. He just calmly pulled up the curtains, called his wife Zhao Renlan to his side, and arranged for the butler to escape with her and her daughter through a secret passage. After his family left, he tidied up his clothes a little, then walked calmly to the north building of the embassy, found a chair to sit down.
Wu Yuwen's soldiers soon found him. With a loud bang, the door of the north building of the embassy was kicked open. Wu Yuwen walked in front of the soldiers. He smiled evilly and directed the soldiers to escort Li Dazhao and other revolutionary comrades to the execution car together. In fact, Zhang Zuolin had planned the arrest plan for that day for a long time. Our party had more than 80 comrades and comrades in the hands of opposing warlords.
Mr. Li Dazhao
It turns out that before, Li Dazhao wrote articles specifically in newspapers, criticizing Zhang Zuolin as the "local emperor" of contemporary China. Since then, the two began to form a gangster. Zhang Zuolin tried every means to catch this big trouble with Li Dazhao's action trajectory.
But what Zhang Zuolin hated was that Li Dazhao and our party comrades have always been hiding in the Russian Embassy. According to International Convention , the embassy belongs to its own territory and the embassy is not allowed to take military measures in the museum. Zhang Zuolin is a good player in power struggle. He spent a lot of money to bribe the staff in the embassy, thus obtaining the most confidential information about Li Dazhao.
Zhang Zuolin
Zhang Zuolin originally wanted to hide the arrest of Li Dazhao. But I couldn't keep the news in my paper. Not long after, the domestic public opinion community obtained this news. After it was spread, all sectors of society were paying attention to this matter.
and many political scientists and non-partisans have written articles to criticize Zhang Zuolin. Zhang Zuolin killed countless people in his life, but he really couldn't find a proper way to deal with Li Dazhao.
In 1927, the political situation in China changed suddenly. The Kuomintang and the Communist Party ended their honeymoon period and began to move towards confrontation and division. Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Jingwei launched the "April 12" and "July 15" counter-revolutionary coups respectively. This situation also made Zhang Zuolin determined to deal with Li Dazhao.
Mr. Li Dazhao's photos after his arrest
He began to arrange his subordinates to change the ideas and methods of interrogation and take some severe measures. But what he didn't expect was that Li Dazhao, who seemed to be a literary man, was a man with a strong and highly loyalty to the organization.
According to later recollections, Li Dazhao suffered inhuman treatment in prison, and the most terrifying one was the "bamboo stick nailed fingertips". This punishment cruelly pulled out Li Dazhao's 10 nails, and blood flowed. Li Dazhao fainted several times.
But at the last moment of life, Li Dazhao endured the pain and wrote the touching " Self-Report in Prison " . Through this article, we can see Li Dazhao's pursuit of the revolutionary cause and his high belief in socialism. I believe that no matter when, it is a precious spiritual wealth left to us.
"Prison in Prison"
For example, there is a passage in "Prison in Prison" that once made many readers cry. "Zhao was determined to work hard on the cause of national liberation, practice what he believed, practice what he knew, and do his best to do his best to sin, and do his best to do his best to do his best to do his best to make mistakes and have no time to do it... ···········" This blood-written text embodies Mr. Li Dazhao's heart, the strong sense of family and country and the integrity and character of a generation of revolutionaries.
Facing Li Dazhao who never changed his mind, Zhang Zuolin was exhausted. He sent Chief of Staff Yang Yuting to persuade Li Dazhao, hoping that he could change his mind and turn to his disciples.
In the dark cell, Yang Yuting said word by word: "Mr. Zhang admires your character very much. As long as you are willing, you will have endless gold and silver wealth."
Yang Yuting
Faced with naked temptation, Li Dazhao smiled contemptuously and said to Yang Yuting : " A real man wants to do a big career, how can he bow down for you and your children ." The failure of 's persuasion also began to make Zhang Zuolin murderous.
People from all walks of life have also begun to take various measures to rescue Li Dazhao in prison. They selected representatives and held several internal meetings to discuss plans to rescue Li Dazhao. The presidents of many universities in China began to write letters to the government, demanding that the authorities immediately and unconditionally release Li Dazhao.
Yang Du
As Li Dazhao's close friend, Yang Du even spent all his money to save Li Dazhao. At that time, the Northern Party of the Communist Party of China formulated a plan to rob prison and save people with the 4,000 yuan raised by Yang Du.
But Li Dazhao believes that the risky rescue plan will cause the sacrifice of many comrades, and he is unwilling to let the lives of many comrades exchange for his own lives.
What ultimately caused Zhang Zuolin to kill was that he received a secret report from Chiang Kai-shek. In the telegram, Chiang Kai-shek wrote: "Enforce all party members immediately to avoid future troubles." Since then, Zhang Zuolin no longer cared about public opinion and made up his mind to kill Li Dazhao.
But in order to create a legitimacy for himself, Zhang Zuolin organized a trial court. After the judge's "trial", he sentenced Li Dazhao and other comrades to our party to death for "violent endangering society and subverting the government" and other crimes.
On the day of the execution, Li Dazhao was not panicked at all. He was extremely quiet and extremely calm. As a Communist Party member, he had already put his life aside. Until his death, he did not forget his belief in communism.
Before the execution, Li Dazhao's expression did not change from beginning to end, and he calmly walked onto the scabbard first. He asked for a speech, but the enemy did not allow it, so he shouted loudly, ready to continue to arouse the people with the last moment of his life.
Mr. Li Dazhao looked at the people watching the punishment in the audience, turned to the warlords on the execution ground and said the last words of his life:
"You can't hang communism just because you hang me! We have cultivated many comrades, like red seeds, scattered everywhere.We firmly believe that communism must achieve glorious victory in the world and in China! "
Hearing that Li Dazhao was still "unconscious" before his death, he still wanted to "incite" the people who watched the punishment in the audience. Because he was afraid of arousing the indignation of the people below, the executioner who was executed covered Li Dazhao's mouth with his hands, and fled Li Dazhao's face brutally, and pushed him into a shiny metal rectangular shelf.
Mr. Li Dazhao's gallows when he was executed
There is a small circle stuck in the middle of the upper part of the shelf, and there is a handle next to it. The executioner held the handle and gradually snatched it down until Mr. Li Dazhao's tongue spit out and his eyes were bulging. The corners of his eyes were bleeding.
Seeing that Mr. Li Dazhao was dying, the executioner actually let go of the handle, dragged Li Dazhao out, escorted him around the punishment platform, and then sprayed him with cold water on Mr. Li Dazhao's face; when Mr. Li Dazhao woke up, he started the second hanged , which continued three times in total, and the punishment lasted for 40 minutes. The executioners used this kind of inhumane, The inhumane method killed Li Dazhao.
In this way, Li Dazhao completed his 38-year revolutionary life. The other nineteen people who died with him were Yang Jingshan, Lu Youyu , etc.
Zhang Zuolin originally wanted to execute Li Dazhao's family together, but due to the excessive pressure on public opinion, he still released Zhao Renlan and his two daughters. But from then on, they could never see their husbands and Dad.
Zhang Zuolin's government tried to block the news of Li Dazhao's execution, but it was still learned by many newspapers and media. When Li Dazhao's uncle went to the street to buy vegetables, he learned about Li Dazhao's murder. He walked in tears and told the news to his nephew's wife Zhao Renlan.
Li Dazhao's widow and children
Li's mother and daughter heard the news and cried into a bunch, and the miserable crying resounded throughout the sky. In the following days, Zhao Renlan and his daughter often cried and cried. Later, Zhao Renlan even began to be bedridden. After the Li family encountered difficulties, Li Dazhao's friends often went to comfort the Li family and provided them with a lot of material help.
After Zhang Zuolin executed Li Dazhao, he asked to put the coffin temporarily in Changchun Temple and not allow his family to see it. Li Dazhao's character and personality deeply infected many people. For many days, people who came to pay their respects were never stopped.
Feng Yuxiang
Iron-blooded general Feng Yuxiang also heard that Li Dazhao was killed. He cried out loudly and ordered the army to wear mourning clothes for it. Mr. Li Dazhao is a scholar with noble character. When he taught at Peking University , he often used most of his savings to support some poor students and used them as funds for our party's activities. Li Dazhao's sacrifice only left to his family for one piece of 天海 .
In 1924, a reporter from the Oriental Times went to Li Dazhao's home for an exclusive interview. He wrote in the newspaper that day: "There are very few furniture in the home, and most of them can no longer be used. ”
After Li Dazhao's death, his friends decided to take the body back from the temple. When purchasing the coffin, the Li family couldn't even take out a dollar, and it was the friends who collected the money to complete the matter. However, due to the obstruction of the Beiyang warlord government, Li Dazhao's body has been temporarily placed in Miaoguangge Street Zhejiang Temple South Courtyard for six years.
After Li Dazhao's death, the reactionary warlords did not let his family go, and his friends Li Qingfeng has always been for the safety of the Li family. He ran away in danger and went to his hometown in Leting, Hebei, and lived a quiet and ordinary life.
In this way, time flew by. In early 1933, Japan began to plan to invade North my country, and Li Qingfeng arranged for the Li family to take refuge in Beijing. It was during this period that with the help of Li Dazhao's friends during his lifetime, Li Dazhao's coffin was transported to Wan'an Cemetery in the western suburbs of Beijing.
workers set up spirits in Li Dazhao's cemetery in the cemetery of Li Dazhao.
At this time, Mr. Li Dazhao, the first pioneer of our party, was able to sleep in the nine springs.
After Li Dazhao's death, his wife Zhao Renlan became ill due to hard work and her health was deteriorating. In May of the same year, she died of illness in Peking Union Medical College Hospital. She was invested by Li Dazhao's friends to be buried with Li Dazhao.
Mr. Li Dazhao has been fighting for the Chinese revolution for twenty-two years. His lifelong ideal is to plant the banner of communism all over the land of China. His descendants, the great communist Comrade Mao Zedong, have led the Chinese nation to realize his long-cherished wish.
Wu Yuwen
After the founding of New China , with the support of Chairman Mao, the public security department formed a special task force to investigate the murder of Mr. Li Dazhao. In the end, the director of the Investigation and Insurgency Department of the Beijing Warlord Government during the Beiyang Warlord Government, and Wu Yuwen was arrested. In the face of ironclad evidence, Wu Yuwen still wanted to argue, but it was in vain.
Finally, Wu Yuwen admitted that he committed the heinous crimes that he committed that year, and since then Mr. Li Dazhao was able to rest in peace.
Li Dazhao Martyrs Cemetery
After the reform and development, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to rebuild the Li Dazhao Martyrs Cemetery in 982. In order to inherit Mr. Li Dazhao's revolutionary spirit, the central government selected the construction in the center of Wan'an Cemetery, and built a personal statue of Mr. Li Dazhao in front of the tomb of Li Dazhao and his wife. As far as the teacher's eyes could see a brand new China, a powerful China standing in the world.
On the granite stele behind Mr. Li Dazhao’s tomb, Mr. Deng Xiaoping wrote " The great pioneer of communism, the great Marxist Li Dazhao, will immortalize !" And the front of the tombstone is a line of big words: The inscription of Martyr Li Dazhao .
Mourning to Mr. Li Dazhao
For decades, every Qingming Festival, a large number of people will go to the Martyrs' Cemetery to mourn Mr. Li Dazhao. Mr. Li Dazhao devoted his life to the revolutionary cause. His lifelong goal is to achieve the independence and prosperity of the motherland and the liberation and rejuvenation of the nation. Mr.'s spirit will become a spiritual quality that inspires generations of Chinese people to continue to move forward.
Now, on the land of China, Mr. Li Dazhao's revolutionary spirit has taken root and sprouted. The Communist Party of China, which he founded, has united and led the Chinese people to achieve great innovations one after another and greatly enhanced our country's international status.
As a member of the Communist Party of China, learning Comrade Li Dazhao’s pioneering spirit and revolutionary spirit in practice is of great significance, and we should always use it as a role model and role model to learn from.
