Yulin Ancient City is located in Yulin City, Shaanxi Province, a national historical and cultural city. It is one of the ten most promising ancient cities in China in 2008. It borders Tuoshan in the east, Yuyang River in the south, Yuxi River in the west and Hongshan in the north. During the Chenghua period of the Ming Dynasty, Yu Zijun, the governor of Yansui Town, moved the town office from Suide to Yulinwei and rebuilt it many times.
This city has experienced more than 600 years of vicissitudes so far. Although it has been repeatedly eroded by fire and wind and rain, most of it is intact and it is a jewel. In order to reproduce the style of Yulin, a famous historical and cultural city, it is necessary to study the ancient city wall.
Historically, Yulin was also a security strategic barrier for the capital Beijing. Yulin is the only city in the country whose wall height can exceed Beijing by the emperor. Yulin and Beijing are an ecological security community that shares weal and woe. . Ancient Yulin was not only a military center, but also a center of border trade and a place where Han and Northwest minority cultures met and exchanged.
Yulin City is located between Changle Fort and Baoning Fort, with mountains and rivers on the left, a majestic town. Its city is adjacent to Tuofeng Mountain in the east, Yuxi River in the west, Yuyang River in the south, and Hongshixia in the north. Therefore, it was listed as one of the nine important towns in the Ming Dynasty—the resident of Yansui Town. Due to the needs of military and economic development, Yulin City has undergone three large-scale maintenance and expansion.
For the first time, in the 22nd year of Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty (1486), Huang Xian, the governor of the Ming Dynasty, exhibited the construction of the city to the north. The area from the south city to the present God Temple is commonly called the north city. The second time, in the fifth year of Hongzhi (1492), the governor Xiong Xiuzhan built the southern city profile to the Kaige Tower (formerly known as Huaidemen, the governor's capital Yaomo changed this name in the last years of Zhengde), commonly known as Zhongcheng. For the third time, Deng Zhang, the general manager of Zhengde ten years (1515), expanded and built Nanguan Outer City and pushed it to Yuyang Riverside, commonly known as Nancheng. This is what is called "Three Extension Yuyang" in history. From the nineteenth year of Jiajing (1540) to the tenth year of Wanli (1582), successive officials stationed in Yulin repeatedly built the Yulin city wall. In addition to increasing the height and thickening, the exterior of the city wall was completed with blue bricks.
In the 30th year of Ming Wanli (1602), Yulin City Wall was built with two East Gates, namely Weining Gate and Zhenwu Gate; and one South Gate, namely Zhenyuan Gate ; Four West Gates, namely Guangyu Gate, Xuanwu Gate, Longde Gate, and Xinle Gate; there is no gate on the north wall; the town’s north tower is built in the middle, plus the gate towers, four corners of the city wall and the enemy on the east city Building and Guanyuan Building, there are 14 towers on the wall of the city, with a perimeter of 5,354 steps. There are urns on the east and south gates, together with Qianjin gates, which form a complete defense system with the city walls.
In the Qing Dynasty, the Yulin city wall was built many times. In the second year of Tongzhi (1863), part of the Beicheng wall was buried by quicksand. At the time of the rebellion of the Hui people in Guanzhong, Daoxian often abandoned Beicheng and shrank from east to west at Guangyumen. Build the northern city wall, 438 feet long. In the sixth year of Tongzhi (1867), the first year of Guangxu (1875), the tenth year of Guangxu (1884), and the 20th year of Guangxu (1894), the city walls were renovated and reinforced four times on a large scale until the Republic of China, Yulin The city wall is well-preserved: its city profile covers an area of 2.1 square kilometers. However, most of the towers collapsed due to military resources. Xuanwei Gate (commonly known as Daxi Gate) on the eve of liberation was still well preserved. Today the remains of the Kuixing Tower in the southeast corner of the city still exist.
Yulin City is an ancient city. There are still many historical sites and places of interest in and around the city, among which Xingming Tower and Lingxiao Tower are the most famous. Xingming Tower is located on Yulin South Street, locally known as Gulou. It is a three-story wooden building. The entire building is made of wood with exquisite beams and reasonable structure. On the ground floor of the Xingming Building, there are four masonry bases, each with seven sturdy pine and cypress columns, supporting the entire weight of the tall building. There is no beam on the roof, and the three-story pavilion is made of bucket arches that overlap each other layer by layer, and the building is magnificent and magnificent.
There are ancient temples in and out of Yulin City. In the Tang and Song Dynasties before Yulin City, there was Tianjie Temple in the south of Puhui Quan. According to Ma Xilong’s "Yan Sui Town Records" of the Ming Dynasty, Yulin successively built Shouning Temple (reconstructed in the Ming Dynasty), Dongyue Temple (built in Chenghua), Xuandi Temple (built in Chenghua), and Temple of Our Lady (built in Chenghua). ), Ci'en Temple (built in the year of Chenghua), Lingyun Temple (built in the year of Zhengde), Chenghuang Temple (built in the year of Zhengde), Daixing Temple (built in the year of Zhengde, formerly the Buddhist temple of Daiqin family), Longwang Temple (built in the year of Jiajing) Jian), MawangTemple (built in the Jiajing year), Longquan Temple (built in the year of Tianqi), and 21 places built in the Wanli year, including Guanyin Temple, Hongji Temple, Yuanjue Temple, Sanqing Temple, Haichao Temple, Jingang Temple, Yu Zijun and Liu Houji Wait for 6 official shrines.
In the Qing Dynasty, temple construction was still popular, and some official shrines in the Ming Dynasty were expanded into temples. For example, Guanbingzhong Temple was rebuilt into Guanfu Temple, and Zhang Tianlu Temple was expanded into Yanshou Temple. By the end of Qing Dynasty, the total number of temples in the city reached more than 50. . The larger ones include Daixing Temple, Laoye Temple (to the east of Daixing Temple), Hongji Temple (to the north of Daixing Temple), Mawang Temple (formerly the City Party School), Shouning Temple (today Meihua Tower), and Dalongwang Temple (Artists Troupe in this district), Zhunti Temple (No. 2 Primary School in this district), Dinghui Temple (No. 2 Hospital in this city), Longquan Temple (now Yimao), Wuliangdian (outside the East Gate), Sanyi Temple (Yuyang) Bridge South), Yuyang Temple (North of Lingxiao Tower), Confucian Temple (now North of Century Plaza), Jingang Temple, etc.
These temples have been renovated several times to form various temple groups. The courtyard has one or more entrances. The temple hall has one or two floors. The main hall and the auxiliary hall are of different heights. The main hall is mostly Xieshan top style, with heads of water milled bricks or carved figures. , Flowers, birds and beasts, etc., dougong flying eaves, five ridges and six beasts, Yanghe tile roof. There are exquisite murals, statues, and inscriptions from the Ming and Qing dynasties in the temple, which are extremely precious.
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