What is not short of heroes and famous generals in history, and the ones that are most lacking are successful reformers.
Because although the risk factor is high in achieving success on the battlefield, the goal is relatively fixed and the implementation path is relatively simple. However, if you want to carry out reforms, you must take into account all aspects of internal affairs, diplomacy, economy, military, politics, culture, and even interpersonal relationships at the power level.
Therefore, there are few reformers who can succeed in reform and achieve a good end in the country. The famous ones range from Shang Yang to Sang Hongyang , Fan Zhongyan , Wang Anshi , Zhang Juzheng , Yongzheng . It is good to have a good ending, and the policy can be implemented. As for the infamy after death, even the house search has been considered successful.
Among them, Wang Anshi was once hailed by Lenin as "China's 11th century reformer", and his reform history was called the "Xining New Deal". However, his reforms ultimately failed. Chairman Mao once summarized the lessons of Wang Anshi's reform of , believing that he "has always been defeated, he has no general knowledge and does not know the reason for society."
Chairman Mao agreed with Wang Anshi's reform in his ideological sense, but at the same time pointed out the reason why Wang Anshi was talented but unable to succeed in the reform. On September 6, 1915, a letter from the teacher to his friend Xiao Zisheng mentioned Wang Anshi. Chairman Mao commented in the letter: " will fail if he mistakes this. For example, Wang Anshi wanted to fulfill his intentions and entrusted it to ancient times. His article was also arrogant and looked down on the Han and Tang Dynasties. This is why there were special scholars. However, the one who lost was not general knowledge and did not know the reason of society, but did not understand the reason of society, and did not use unsuitable strategies. "
In the letter, Chairman Mao evaluated Wang Anshi from the three perspectives of classics, literature, and reform. He first affirmed that Wang Anshi had "specialized studies" in classics and literature, and achieved remarkable achievements. At the same time, Wang Anshi's shortcomings were also pointed out: "No general knowledge, no knowledge of society", so "performing unsuitable strategies" led to the failure of reform.
Young Mao Zedong realized that Highlights do not equal ability. Only by combining talent with social practice, deeply understanding the needs and ideas of different social classes, and doing things that conform to the times can we transform talents into abilities and achieve something.
