The "Three Characters Classic" has "Rong four years old, can make pears", which refers to the story that Kong Rong knew when he was a child to give the bigger pears to his elder brother. He taught children how to observe public order and good customs. The story of Kong Rong being able to make pears at the age of four is undoubtedly well-known to all women and children. However, almost no teacher told us the story behind Kong Rong. Kong Rong (153-September 26, 208), literary citations. People from the State of Lu (ruling today's Qufu, Shandong). As a writer in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, one of the "Seven Scholars of Jian'an", Kong Rong's family learning origin, is the twentieth grandson of Confucius, the county magistrate of Yuancheng (now Daming County, Hebei), and the son of Taishan Captain Kong Zhou. As a descendant of the saint Confucius, Kong Rong became an important historical figure in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. As for Kong Rong's ending, he formed a direct relationship with Cao Cao, the princes of the Three Kingdoms. Because in 208 AD, Kong Rong was killed by Cao Cao. So, the question is, what exactly did Kong Rong do? Why did Cao Cao, who had always been thirsty for talents, kill him?
一
First, after the story of Kong Rong Rangli, he was praised for his filial piety. As we all know, the Han Dynasty ruled the country with filial piety, and also selected talents through filial piety. For example, Cao Cao was born in filial piety. After adulthood, Kong Rong was recruited by Situ Yang Ci because of his talent and filial piety and became a member of Situ.
Later, the minister of power Dong Zhuo usurped the power of the Eastern Han Dynasty and was about to abolish the Emperor Liu Bian of the Han Dynasty. This made Kong Rong unable to stand it, so he launched a fierce debate with Dong Zhuo. Of course, the final result was that Dong Zhuo lost the debate, and Kong Rong was naturally squeezed out of the court center, and was sent to Beihai State (today Shandong Changlexi) as the prime minister. Beihai country basically corresponds to the area of Weifang City in Shandong Province today. In other words, Kong Rong's role as the state minister of North Sea is similar to the prefect and prefect.
2
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Beihai Kingdom was harassed by the Yellow Turban Army, so Kong Rong sent Tai Shi Ci to the Pingyuan State Minister Liu Bei for help. After Liu Bei learned, he immediately sent troops to help Kong Rong break the siege. After the Yellow Turban Uprising was gradually suppressed, Yuan Shao and Cao Cao became two powerful vassals in the Central Plains. However, because Kong Rong saw that Yuan Shao and Cao Cao were not genuinely loyal to the Eastern Han Dynasty, he was naturally unwilling to take refuge in Yuan Shao or Cao Cao.
In the first year of Jian'an (196), Yuan Shao’s eldest son, Yuan Tan, attacked the North Sea State. Although Kong Rong had achieved quite a bit in the governance of the North Sea State, Kong Rong had no knowledge of combat. When Yuan Shao's army had already invaded the city, Kong Rong still relied on studying, talking and laughing freely. Until the night the city fell, he fled to Shandong (east of Taihang Mountain). What makes Kong Rong more controversial is that it is likely that he patronized and escaped, and his wife and children were captured by Yuan Shao's army.
three
Jian'an first year (196), after Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty moved the capital to Xuchang, he recruited Kong Rong to be a master craftsman, and was promoted to Shaofu. From then on, if Kong Rong satisfies his duties, he might get a good end. However, Kong Rong, who has always been outspoken, not only did not shrink from Dong Zhuo, but also fearless when facing Cao Cao. After the Battle of Guandu, Cao Cao's son Cao Pi privately married Yuan Xi's wife Zhen. Upon learning of this incident, Kong Rong immediately wrote to Cao Cao, expressing a sarcastic attitude.
Although there is no record of Cao Cao's reaction in the "Three Kingdoms" and other historical materials, it will always be displeased to be satirized. In the twelfth year of Jian'an (207 years), Cao Cao contended Wuhuan in the north, Kong Rong sneered and said: "The general's expedition, depression overseas." ("Han Dynasty·Volume 70·Zheng Kongxun Biographies 60"). Soon after, because of the war, Cao Cao presented to Liu Xie, the Emperor of the Han Dynasty, advocating forbidding, but Kong Rong arrogantly refuted Cao Cao's opinions.
Four
In the end, Cao Cao had already murdered Kong Rong. However, because Kong Rong was famous in the world, Cao Cao could only show tolerance on the surface. In this context, the people of Shanyang contemplated Cao Cao's thoughts and avoided Kong Rong on the grounds of contempt for national laws. And this undoubtedly gave Cao Cao an excuse to get rid of Kong Rong. Against this background, Cao Cao dispatched his men to detain Kong Rong, and convicted him of "recruiting a group of disciples" and "describing to be unruly".
"Zi Zhi Tong Jian · Volume 65 · Han Ji 57 · Xiao Xian Emperor Geng" records: (August) Ren Zi, Taizhong doctor Kong Rong abandoned the city. On August 29 (September 26, 208), the 13th year of Jian'an, Kong RongzhengShi was executed, and his family was imprisoned. Kong Rong was fifty-six years old. Generally speaking, for Kong Rong, Ge Hong of the Jin Dynasty in Baopuzi·Qingjian's evaluation is more pertinent: Kong Rong, Bian Rong literary vulgarity, but not governing affairs, where he failed. . That is to say, although Kong Rong had good achievements in literature, he was not a qualified talent in the troubled times of the Three Kingdoms at the end of Han Dynasty. Furthermore, Kong Rong was born out of time, so he had a tragic ending. Naturally, most teachers will not tell students about these things.
text / feelings of history
