As the stranger we are most familiar with, Vietnam has a mixed mind about us.
On the one hand, as socialist country , Vietnam's national conditions are similar to those of us, it is exactly the same. Even the national flag seems to be telling the whole world: we and China are the "big and big kings" who have the same lineage.
But on the other hand, Vietnam is extremely alienated and even hates China. To a certain extent, Vietnam and countries like the United States and Russia have a more intimate relationship with "confidants in the country".
So why is Vietnam’s relationship with China so complicated? Jingyeshi believes that the fundamental reason is:
Vietnam has had ambitions of a great power that is above the top since ancient times.
Because when Vietnam was unified north and south in 1975, North Vietnam achieved the final victory, so northern Vietnam is considered to be the origin of Vietnam's civilization, and northern Vietnam was an inseparable part of the territory of the Central Plains dynasty before the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms.
From today's perspective, the Central Plains dynasty, especially the powerful empires such as , Tang Dynasty, , are expanding their territory and never sleeping, while also carrying out powerful cultural output. After the Tang Dynasty, the rise of Khitan , Jurchens and even Mongolia successively rose and established a powerful centralized dynasty and even entered the Central Plains, which was the direct result of the cultural spillover of the Central Plains dynasty.
As the southern border of the Central Plains dynasty, although northern Vietnam is far away from the core of the Central Plains dynasty, the population migration southward that began after the demise of the Western Jin Dynasty promoted the development of Jiangnan and even Lingnan, laying a solid foundation for the final southward movement of the economic center of gravity between the two Song dynasties. Northern Vietnam, which is close to Lingnan, is naturally proud.
So after getting rid of the rule of the Southern Han Dynasty in 939, Vietnam had the premise of establishing a centralized regime. In addition, the Song Dynasty was notoriously vulnerable, so Vietnam was able to invade, burn, kill and loot during the Northern Song Dynasty, which ruined the face of the Northern Song Dynasty.
However, since the rise of the Mongol Empire and the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty, the Central Plains Dynasty entered an era of unification for nearly 800 years. Vietnam and Africa was unable to replicate the glorious achievements of the invasion of the Northern Song Dynasty, but were instead rubbed back and forth by the Mongol Empire on the ground, and finally recognized the reality and became a vassal state of the Central Plains Dynasty.
During the 4th year of Jiaqing, the Qing Dynasty officially named "Vietnam", and Vietnam has no more than one's thoughts about Guangdong and Guangxi.
But there is no inappropriate thoughts about the Central Plains dynasty, which does not mean that Vietnam is harmless to people and animals in other countries. In fact, from the moment Vietnam established its own doorstep, its territory expansion never stopped.
Because it is difficult to expand northward, and there is no concept of ocean expansion to eastward, so Vietnam has placed its expansion direction in the west and south. In Vietnam's view, expansion to the south can effectively increase the strategic depth of the southern expedition against the Central Plains dynasty, while expansion to the west can curb the expansion of , Siam, and even Myanmar. Therefore, over the past 800 years, Vietnam has seized mercy and alliances through war, marriage and alliance. While seizing Mekong Delta to the south, it has controlled Laos and Cambodia to the west, becoming a powerful force on Indochina Peninsula .
At that time, Vietnam at that time, on the one hand, paid tribute to the Chinese dynasty in the north, and on the other hand, it built the "Southern Sky Little China" with Vietnam as the core within the Indochina Peninsula, forming a mini-version of the vassal tribute system. Especially after the fall of the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty, Vietnam even advocated the so-called land sinking in China, and like North Korea, they all claimed to be the successor of Chinese civilization.
It can be said that Vietnam's series of "despicable developments" are indeed effective, but the Chinese vassal tribute system is still difficult to withstand the barbaric impact of Western colonialism, and Vietnam's copycat mini version is even less worth mentioning. From the beginning of the landing of French invaders in Vietnam in 1858 to the end of the Sino-French War in 1885, Vietnam gradually became a French colony. Together with the expansion of Vietnam's more than 800 years to the south and west, the "French Indochina" was finally formed.
Like British colonization of British India, France is also very concerned about colonization of French Indochina, and even shamelessly seized Nansha Islands .But France's colonial achievements were soon "intercepted" by Japan after the outbreak of World War II, including the Nansha Islands. The French invaders in Indochina could only activate the skill of "no one could occupy Saigon before France surrendered" and became accomplices of the Japanese colonization of the Indochina Peninsula.
Because France's performance was too embarrassing, Vietnam's post-war surrender was completed by China and Britain. But Nanjing National Government is eager to get a civil war and France takes the opportunity to make a comeback.
At that time, the revolutionary armed forces led by Ho Chi Minh successfully founded the country after Japan's unconditional surrender and promoted the liberation of northern Vietnam. In order to "drive away" the Nanjing National Government troops, Ho Chi Minh did not hesitate to make peace with France, which controlled southern Vietnam. But the problem is that what France wants is to rebuild Indochina instead of "dividing the world equally" with North Vietnam, so after the Chinese and British troops retreated one after another, North Vietnam and France started working tirelessly.
North Vietnam's anti-aggression war received widespread support from third world countries, especially after the founding of New China in 1949, it soon became the backbone of North Vietnam. With the direct and indirect support of the New China, North Vietnam finally won the final victory of the War of Resistance Against France in 1954, the northern part of Vietnam was re-liberated, and Laos and Cambodia also got rid of French colonial rule.
For the new China, which has just won the great victory of Resisting U.S. aggressing U.S. aggressing Korea, promoting the proper resolution of the Indochina issue will help promote peace on the Indochina Peninsula and even the world.
But this result is by no means Ho Chi Minh wished. As the leader of a socialist country, Ho Chi Minh is not favored by Stalin because Ho Chi Minh is a firm nationalist. His goal is not only to promote the unification of Vietnam's north and south, but also to re-place Laos and Cambodia under Vietnam's rule.
However, after France retreated, the United States quickly made a comeback. Ho Chi Minh, who was too busy to take care of himself, could only bury his dissatisfaction in his heart. Although the New China and the Soviet Union had a full-scale feud after June 1959, in order to prevent the United States from interfering in the Indochina Peninsula and rushing to support North Vietnam, especially the New China, the total amount of materials to support Vietnam was as high as more than 20 billion US dollars when it was not rich.
However, as a superpower, the Soviet Union seemed to be richer, and compared with the negative attitude of the New China on the issue of North Vietnam expansion, North Vietnam prefers the Soviet Union because in order to encircle New China, the Soviet Union did not hesitate to support North Vietnam's expansion, which made North Vietnam gradually "have its own heart." Therefore, after Ho Chi Minh's death in 1969, North Vietnam gradually gave up its policy of getting along with both China and the Soviet Union and colluded with the Soviet Union wholeheartedly.
With the support of the Soviet Union, Sino-Vietnam relations took a sharp turn for the worse, especially after the normalization of Sino-US relations in 1972.
Because of the "support" of the new China, the United States finally found a way to break free from the quagmire of Vietnam War. Then, North Vietnam eliminated South Vietnamese in 1975 and completed unification, and China-Vietnam relations completely fell to freezing point. After Vietnam was unified, the authorities did not care about rest and recuperation, and began to invade Laos and Cambodia without stopping. While launching a large-scale anti-China wave in the south, they frantically provoked on the Sino-Vietnam border, which eventually triggered a self-defense counterattack against Vietnam that shocked the world.
Because of the "neutrality" of Western countries such as the United States and the strong anticipation of the New China, the Soviet Union, as an ally of Vietnam, did not dare to act rashly from beginning to end. Then, China and Vietnam launched a two-mountain rotation war that lasted for more than 10 years. The Soviet Union continued to lose blood due to Vietnam's wounds and eventually collapsed in 1991.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Vietnam, who had lost its backer, had to seek peace, and the Sino-Vietnam War finally came to an end.
But at that time, the United States was the only superpower, fanning the flames and provoking wars everywhere, and Vietnam also became an important frontier for the United States to encircle China.
Like Chairman Mao’s theory of “three sharp knives” after the war to resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea began, Vietnam is ultimately an important position for the confrontation between China and the United States.
For Vietnam, the inner expansion is ready to move, and we are the natural nemesis of Vietnam's expansion.In addition, China and Vietnam have fierce confrontations in the South China Sea islands and reefs, so when the collapse of the Soviet Union and Russia is extremely useful, the United States, which is facing us, is undoubtedly a natural ally of Vietnam. Therefore, I don’t care about the revenge of the decades of fighting between the United States and Vietnam. The United States and Vietnam met too late and became half-brothers.
At that time, Vietnam, as a third world country with rich labor resources, had strong investment demand and formed a strong complement to the United States, where industry spillovers. In addition, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, which was born during the Cold War, , was originally designed by the United States to promote anti-China in Southeast Asia, so the relationship between the United States and Vietnam is becoming more and more popular.
But the problem is that as a global superpower, the United States has always focused on Europe, and Vietnam is not the United States' strategic focus. In addition, Vietnam is not as proactive as Japan and South Korea, and although it has a status in front of the United States, it has lost the sense of security protected by the United States.
The northern neighbors can respond to Vietnam's resilience at any time.
What is even more embarrassing is that the United States has been sieging New China for decades, but China's strength is at its peak. After the economy of New China soared, it also began to spill over low-end industries, and Vietnam once again became the first place to take over the near-water buildings.
In fact, the industrial complementarity between China and Vietnam is not only more in line with each other than the United States and Vietnam, but also more coordinated. This also determines that Vietnam's development cannot be separated from China. In fact, the entire ASEAN is the case.
So, just like India desperately wants to get rid of Chinese manufacturing but has to rely more on China, Vietnam desperately wants to get rid of China, and even refuses to surrender to the United States, but the result is speechless.
In addition, in addition to colluding with the United States, not only will it not be able to obtain protection from the United States, but it may also stimulate the northern neighbors to kill themselves. The most embarrassing thing about Vietnam is that colluding with the United States has forced Vietnam, which has finally been unified by the north and the south, to face the embarrassing ending of the north and the south again.
A very important reason why the US-Vietnam relations have advanced rapidly after the end of the Cold War is that after Vietnam was unified, North Vietnam failed to eliminate the pro-American remnants of the south in time to rebuild the so-called "Indochina Federation", but instead formed a coalition government with it, laying the root of the "separation of personality" in Vietnam.
So when Vietnam climbed out of the war quagmire to rebuild its homeland, the more developed southern forces quickly rose and became a part of the United States, which led to the resentment of US-Vietnam relations. However, the rise of southern forces gradually subverted the checks and balances of "South Prime Minister, Northern Secretary, and Central Chairman" after Vietnam's unification, and the Northern Democratic Group was naturally unwilling to be seized, so it was inevitable to fight back. However, Vietnam, which is deeply troubled by the military's business problems, is destined to be unable to defeat the South again, so the price of pro-American is the separation of Vietnam from the north and south.
This kind of ending that goes back to the pre-liberation ending overnight is definitely not something Vietnam wants to see, so although Vietnam is willing to be pro-US, it dares not blatantly, and even resists the teasing of the United States and does not dare to respond enthusiastically. At the same time, he was unwilling to be close to China but had to focus on relations with China.
The biggest benefit of Vietnam at present is: as long as you don’t think about the unrealistic “Indochina Federation” dream, China and Vietnam can become good neighbors and good partners who are stronger than gold. With the land border survey completed, Vietnam seems to be less frightened on the South China Sea issue because of the buffering of ASEAN.
is just, this may be just a theory, because Vietnam's ambitions are not something that happens overnight, but have penetrated into the Vietnamese's genes since Vietnam started its own business. Nowadays, it seems impossible to make Vietnam turn a new life.
has many omissions, please correct me.
I am Jingyeshi, and I look forward to your attention.
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