On the eve of the Liaoshen Battle , why did the Chairman and Lin Biao have disagreements four times in succession? Why did the chairman, who rarely interfere with the front-line command, get angry at Lin Biao and order Dongye to go south to fight? How could Chairman Mao, who was using troops as good as a god, use the Eastern Ye to revitalize a big game of national liberation?
The undecided Lin Biao
The three major battles in the War of Liberation gathered all the main forces of the Kuomintang north of Yangtze River , completely destroying the trump card of the reactionary rule of the Jiang family dynasty.
Liaoshen Battle is the beginning of the three major battles of . It is precisely because of this battle that the Chairman had the confidence to prophesied to liberate the whole of China within one year. However, behind this critical battle is the continuous differences and final reconciliation between the Chairman and Mr. Lin. Through this battle, we can even appreciate the Chairman's amazing strategic concept.
The brilliant results of the Liaoshen Battle are behind the tortuous and long decision-making differences. From March 13 to September 12, 1948, the Party Central Committee and the main officers and soldiers of the Northeast Field Army held difficult consultations and discussions.
1948, the battlefield situation in the entire Northeast region had stabilized. After the previous two offensives, the Northeast Field Army had completely grasped the initiative in the battlefield.
At this time, Dongye had 2 corps troops, 12 columns, 1 artillery column, 1 railway column, 15 independent division , 1 cavalry division and tank regiment , with a total force of more than 700,000 people. The forces of the Kuomintang Northeast Bandit Suppression Headquarters were scattered in three places. Deputy Commander of the Northeast Suppression Headquarters Fan Hanjie led Lu Junhan 6th Corps, 4 armies, 14 divisions, and 150,000 troops to defend Jinzhou , Deputy Commander Zheng Dongguo led two armies, six divisions, and three brigades to station 100,000 troops to station in Changchun. Commander-in-chief Wei Lihuang led Liao Yaoxiang 9th Corps, Zhou Fucheng 8th Corps, 300,000 troops to station in Shenyang.
Shenyang, Jinzhou and Changchun, the Kuomintang will deploy heavy troops in these three cities, and the rest of the surrounding areas are already under the control of our People's Liberation Army. Unlike other regions in the country, in the Northeast, our army has an absolute advantage over the Kuomintang army. It is a foregone conclusion that the Kuomintang army was trapped in an isolated city.
However, in order to eliminate this enemy, Lin Biao, commander-in-chief of East Ye 101, had four differences with Chairman Mao.
As early as February 1948, when the winter offensive launched by Dongye was coming to an end, Chairman Mao called Dongye leaders Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan and Liu Yalou. It was pointed out that their combat plan should revolve around the Beining Line and fight southward to prevent the Kuomintang army in the Northeast from fleeing into the pass.
Beining Line is the railway line from Beiping to Shenyang. With this railway, the Kuomintang army in the entire Northeast has his last breath. This is not only their only land supply line, but also their lifeline for escaping back to the pass. The Chairman's move can be said to have cut off the fire from the bottom of the pot. If he can occupy the Beining Line, it is equivalent to closing the entire Northeast.
However, the Chairman's far-reaching considerations did not receive the support of Higashino Mae Shinji. As a strategic general, Lin Biao has always been known for his cautious and calm operations. He agreed with the Chairman's view of annihilation of the Kuomintang's main force in the Northeast, but he was not interested in the Chairman's combat concept.
"We agree and also believe that keeping the enemy blocked in the Northeast will annihilate them and trying to attract the enemy out of seclusion and reinforcements will be more beneficial to the Northeast war and the overall situation. In the future, this should be based on this." This is Lin Biao's call to the Chairman on February 10. It can be clearly felt that Lin Biao still wanted to take steps and eat the enemy's troops one by one at this time.
Therefore, in April of that year, in the combat plan of Dongye surrendering the Central Committee, Lin Biao proposed to fight Changchun first and attract the support of Wei Lihuang from Shenyang. After reading the telegram, the chairman agreed to Lin Biao's proposal.
One of the advantages of Chairman General of the army is to fully respect the opinions of the generals in front, because they know the situation ahead better than themselves, and the combat plan for going to the north and the Beining Line was indeed too bold at that time.
After obtaining the consent of the chairman, Lin Biao immediately made arrangements for the attack on Changchun, but who knew that after Changchun fought, Lin Biao retreated
How to close the door and beat the dog
In May 1948, Dongye launched an attack on Changchun's defending enemy. After the tentative attack, Dongye did not take much advantage.
Although Changchun had only 100,000 defenders at that time, its garrison was weak compared to Shenyang and Jinzhou, Changchun was a big city after all. After long-term reinforcement and construction, its defense power was known as "the strongest nationwide."
Therefore, after obtaining the approval of the central government, the East Field Army turned into a trap, attempting to force Zheng Dong's troops to submit through siege and attract Wei Lihuang to help. But at that time Wei Lihuang had already seen through Lin Biao's plan. He let the 300,000 army retreat in Shenyang City, ignoring the dilemma of Changchun at all.
, and Dongye was sandwiched between Changchun and Shenyang, the main force was restrained, but he was in the mood for Chiang Kai-shek.
At the beginning of the year, Chiang Kai-shek's US military adviser suggested that Jinzhou withdraw the main force of the National Army to the pass, but Chiang Kai-shek was reluctant to part with the rich strategic resources and heavy industrial foundation of the Northeast, and secondly, if the Northeast does not resist again and retreat, it would be impossible to explain the entire battle situation. In addition, he hoped that the National Army would restrain our 700,000 troops with disadvantages in the Northeast.
The current battlefield situation in the Northeast is exactly what Chiang Kai-shek expected. The long-term siege of Changchun made Dongye lose the initiative on the battlefield.
Lin Biao is worthy of being an excellent general. After realizing the dilemma, he immediately reacted and asked the Central Committee for the plan to go south to the Beining Line on July 20.
Seeing that Lin Biao finally turned around, the chairman was naturally very happy, and he immediately agreed to Dongye's combat intention. But unexpectedly, a few days later, Lin Biao stopped moving south again.
On July 22, Dongye proposed that the North China Military Region send troops to attack Datong in order to restrain Fu Zuoyi and make him have no time to take care of the Beining Line. The chairman immediately agreed to Dongye's request and asked Yang Chengwu to organize the Westward Advance Corps to attack Suiyuan.
However, in August, Lin Biao generated another power: "The operation time of the main force in the Northeast must be determined by the operation time of the Yang Cheng Army Department." Later, he emphasized Dongye's concerns in logistics and food.
Seeing Dongye hesitating, and the Kuomintang army was already showing signs of fleeing south, and the fighter plane was out of my mind. The chairman could no longer bear it. He immediately called Lin Biao many times, criticizing his scrupulous attitude in a rare tone, and instructing the plan to move south that could not be changed.
Chairman's temper strengthened Lin Biao's determination to go south, and Dongye immediately took action quickly. However, although Lin Biao went south to the Beining Line at that time, he did not understand the Chairman's true intentions.
The Chairman, who is a god-like soldier,
Just as Dongye rushed south, the Chairman once again lost his temper.
It turns out that although Higashino went south, their combat plan to hand over to the Central Committee was far from the Chairman's intention. Unlike the micro-cass master Chiang Kai-shek, the Chairman rarely directly interferes in the combat plans sent from the front line. At most, he puts forward some opinions, let alone denies them completely.
However, in the face of Higashino's combat plan, the Chairman had to raise objections. According to Dongye's expectations, their attack targets on the Beining line were mainly Jinxi, Chengde , Zhangjiakou and other places. This plan not only did not include Jinzhou, the northeast gate located on the Beining line, but even jumped out of the pass and hit Fu Zuoyi's territory.
Northeast problem has not been fundamentally solved, but has attracted the attention of Fu Zuoyi of North China. This combat plan is not too clever.
But Lin Biao's thinking is not unreasonable. Jinzhou is located in a critical situation, and its defense force is far higher than Changchun. If Jinzhou cannot be taken down quickly, then Wei Lihuang from Shenyang will immediately see through Dongye's attempt to close the door and beat the dog. Dongye will face the dilemma of being attacked by the time.
Lin Biao watched Dongye grow and grow step by step, and really didn't want to take risks with his family's assets. The painful lessons of attacking Siping in 1947 have been vivid in his mind.
Chairman saw Lin Biao's concerns, but compared with the 700,000 troops of Dongye, the garrison in Jinzhou is not worth worrying. What is currently troubled by Dongye is the concerns and excessive caution of the commanders.
In order to strengthen Dongye's confidence, the Chairman particularly emphasized in his September telegram: "The operational focus of the Northeast Field Army should be on the Wei Lihuang and Fan Hanjie systems."
At this point, Lin Biao finally made up his mind and started an adventurous battle.
After the East Field Army was in place, it quickly pulled out the garrison fortress near Jinzhou, and the Liaoshen Campaign broke out. After hitting the snake for seven inches, Chiang Kai-shek finally couldn't sit still. He drew five divisions from North China, two divisions from Yantai and four divisions from Huludao and Jinxi to form an 11 division Eastern Advance Corps to reinforce Jinzhou.
On October 2, Lin Biao, who was already uneasy, once again became suspicious of the Chairman's order. Looking at the map on the table and the weak defense of Tashan, Lin Biao thought of Changchun again.
At 10 o'clock that night, Chairman Mao received an emergency telegram from Lin Biao to return to Changchun. The Chairman was furious and after losing his temper, he ordered Lin Biao: "Now the deployment of attack on Jinjin has been completed, but you dare not attack Jinzhou because of a small change in the enemy situation in Jinxi and Huludao, and want to go back to attack Changchun. We think this is very inappropriate."
The premise is that I prepared a table of dishes and two tables of guests came. How should I eat this meal? This line in the movie Decisive Battle accurately portrays Lin Biao's psychological state at this time.
Finally, under the advice of Liu Yalou, Luo Ronghuan and the Central Committee, Lin Biao reacted and continued to prepare for the combat plan to attack Jinxi.
After firm determination, Lin Biao immediately showed his superb command art. Under his decisive command, the Tashan defense line successfully withstood the pressure of the East Advance Corps. After 500 artillery intensive firepower preparations, Jinzhou, which was defending 150,000 troops, was taken down for 31 hours. Fan Hanjie, deputy commander of the Northeast Suppression Corporation, commander of the Sixth Corps, deputy commander, and commander of the 93rd Army, were all captured by our army.
The great victory in Jinzhou completely closed the door to the Northeast, and the Liaoshen Battle was locked in the victory from the beginning.
Although Chairman Mao and Lin Shuai had any differences on the situation in the Northeast, it was under the Chairman's long-term strategic vision and Lin Shuai's superb command art that the Liaoshen Campaign had a successful ending.
From Long March period to the Anti-Japanese period, and then to the War of Liberation, the Chairman's strategic vision has always been accurate and sharp. It is the Chairman's use of troops as if he is a god that has avoided many detours in China's liberation cause.
