Speaking of Red Army , one of the three main forces of the Red Army , it can be said that there are many famous generals. The strength of the Red Fourth Front Army at its peak even surpasses that of the Red Fourth Front Army. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Xu Xiangqian, commander-in-chief of the Red Fourth Front Army, became the founding marshal. However, his old partner, Chen Changhao, the general political commissar of the Red Fourth Front Army, was unknown and far away from the center. He did not hold an important position in the party, government and military system. He only served as a deputy director in the Central Compilation and Translation Bureau. Later, at the age of 61, committed suicide by swallowing medicine.
Chen Changhao is from Caidian, Wuhan. In 1927, Chen Changhao, who was only 22 years old, went to Moscow to study at Sunshan University. This group of students who were sent to the Soviet Union to study later became important talents in our party's cadre team, and Zhang Qinqiu, who later became Chen Changhao's ex-wife, was also among them. In addition, during the Agrarian Revolutionary War, both of them served in the Red Fourth Front Army. Later, on the way to the Long March of the Red Fourth Front Army, Chen Changhao and Zhang Qinqiu became husband and wife.
11930, Chen Changhao returned from his studies and was sent to work in the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Soviet Area with Zhang Guotao. In the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Soviet Area, he has always served as political commissar in the Red Army, and has served as political commissar of the division and military political commissar. After the establishment of the Red Fourth Front Army, Chen Changhao served as the general political commissar, Xu Xiangqian served as the commander-in-chief, and Zhang Guotao was the highest military and political leader of the Red Fourth Front Army and the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Soviet Area. Judging from the development history of the Red Fourth Front Army, Zhang Guotao, Chen Changhao and Xu Xiangqian are all the founders of the Red Fourth Front Army, but their destinies are different.
Later, due to various reasons, the Red Fourth Front Army was unable to continue to stick to the Hubei-Henan-Anhui Soviet Area. So the three of them later led the main force of the Red Fourth Front Army to transfer to the Sichuan-Shaanxi region. After obtaining the anti-"three routes" and anti-"six routes" attacks, they established the Sichuan-Shaanxi base area. After the Red Fourth Front Army gained a foothold in the Sichuan-Shaanxi base area, the strength of the troops also expanded to nearly 100,000, which can be said to be strong.
Because the Sichuan-Shaanxi base area was constantly besieged by the Kuomintang army, the situation was getting worse day by day, and it was necessary to cooperate with the Central Red Army in Central Red Army to head north, so the Fourth Red Army gave up the Sichuan-Shaanxi base area, started the Long March, and finally met with the Central Red Army in northern Shaanxi. Later, the three main forces of the Red Army met in Huining . Although it was a very great thing to meet in Huining , it also brought huge problems to the Shaanxi-Ganxi-Ningxia Soviet Area. At that time, the Soviet area was vast and sparsely populated and barren, with only more than 400,000 people, while the three main forces of the Red Army had a total of 60,000 to 70,000 troops. Their arrival gave Soviet area a great pressure on survival.
In order to obtain strategic materials from the Soviet Union, open up the Soviet Union's channel to aid northern Shaanxi. Central Committee selected three troops from the five armies under the Red Fourth Front Army to form West Route Army , and Xu Xiangqian served as the commander-in-chief of the West Route Army, and Chen Changhao served as the political commissar of the West Route Army. In the autumn of 1936, the two of them led the West Route Army, which had a 20,000-strong Western Expedition, and began a tragic Western Expedition, but they also embarked on a bumpy road. However, due to insufficient supplies and extremely lack of supplies and equipment for the soldiers in the rear, after experiencing a desperate battle with the enemy in Gaotai County, Gansu Province, the main force of the Western Route Army was almost completely lost, and 50% of the wounded were lost in combat capabilities.
On February 21, 1937, the central government sent an emergency telegram to Chen Changhao and other leaders of the Western Route Army, asking them to reflect on themselves, and at the same time, they rose to the height of their actions and political lines. The pressure on Chen Changhao and the generals was extremely high. For this reason, they made a blood sworn to fight resolutely until the last drop of blood. Unfortunately, under the actual problem of exhausting ammunition and food, the Western Route Army was forced to break through and finally defeated and walked in Hexi Corridor .
On March 14, 1937, more than 3,000 remaining troops of the West Route Army held a meeting to discuss and decide, and divided the troops into three groups, and each team worked hard to outscort the encirclement and suppression. Unfortunately, on the way to withdraw, Chen Changhao suffered from his old stomach disease and was recuperating at a doctor's home. After recovering from his illness, he returned to Wuhan to visit his relatives. At the end of August, he returned to Yan'an.
Chen Changhao had great responsibility for the defeat of the Western Route Army. After the defeat, he stayed in northern Shaanxi and taught at Anti-Japanese University. In 1939, his stomach disease recurred again, and the situation was very serious. He applied to the organization, hoping to go to the Soviet Union to treat the disease. After the organization approved it, he came to Moscow to recuperate that autumn. has been away for more than ten years. Due to long-term stranded in the Soviet Union, Chen Changhao and his domestic wife Zhang Qinqiu divorced and each formed a new family.
Chen Changhao stayed in the Soviet Union for 12 years. In 1951, he finally returned to his motherland, which had been away for many years. As soon as he stepped out of the railway station, he saw a group of comrades from that year coming to greet him. At this time, they were all important leaders of the New China party, government and military system, but New China no longer had Chen Changhao's position.
When Chen Changhao saw these familiar faces, he burst into tears in his eyes. In order to welcome his former comrades-in-arms, Xu Xiangqian, who has always been low-key, made an exception to hold a banquet at his home to entertain Chen Changhao, and also invited many old comrades from the former Red Fourth Front Army to accompany him. At Xu Xiangqian's house, Chen Changhao was like a down-and-out man, bowing his head and bent down. He bowed his past subordinates one by one, expressing his apology and saying sorry to them. The ex-wife Zhang Qinqiu, who was then the deputy minister of the Ministry of Textile Industry, also attended the party. He said with great guilt: "Qinqiu, you have suffered! I'm sorry!"
After that, Chen Changhao was not awarded the title because of his special experience, so he did not get any military rank, and was also asked to take on the responsibility of the destruction of the Western Route Army. After returning to another ten years, Chen Changhao was very desperate after being criticized and criticized on July 30, 1967 and passed away at the age of 61. Chen Changhao's body was also abandoned in the wilderness, and now the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery in Beijing is just empty urns.
Later, on August 20, 1980, the Party Central Committee held a memorial service for Chen Changhao. The memorial service was hosted by Xu Xiangqian, Vice Chairman of the Military Commission of , Comrade Wang Huide delivered an eulogy, and friends of Li Xiannian, Wang Zhen, Chen Muhua and Chen Changhao during his lifetime, as well as representatives of the masses, attended the memorial service. The organization's evaluation of him was: Comrade Chen Changhao is an outstanding member of the Communist Party and a loyal proletarian soldier. His whole life was for the revolution and loyalty to the Party and the people.
